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Initial import of the CDE 2.1.30 sources from the Open Group.

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Peter Howkins
2012-03-10 18:21:40 +00:00
commit 83b6996daa
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cde/doc/C/guides/usersGuide/BEntity.sgm Normal file
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<!-- $XConsortium: BEntity.sgm /main/12 1996/11/11 20:11:44 cdedoc $ -->
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/* $XConsortium: Title.tmpl /main/2 1996/06/19 16:05:11 drk $ */
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title = "User's Guide"

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<!-- ____________________________________________________________________________ -->
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<Book>
<Title>Common Desktop Environment: User's Guide</Title>
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<!-- $XConsortium: appa.sgm /main/9 1996/09/08 19:42:07 rws $ -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Digital Equipment Corporation. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 International Business Machines Corp. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Novell, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 FUJITSU LIMITED. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hitachi. -->
<appendix id="UG.keysh.div.1">
<title id="UG.keysh.mkr.1">Keyboard Shortcuts for the Desktop</title>
<para>This appendix describes keyboard alternatives to
using your mouse.</para>
<indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>navigation</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>navigating</primary><secondary>with keyboard</secondary></indexterm>
<informaltable id="UG.keysh.itbl.1" frame="All">
<tgroup cols="1">
<colspec colname="1" colwidth="4.0 in">
<tbody>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Menu Shortcuts284'--><xref role="JumpText"
linkend="UG.keysh.mkr.2"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Moving the Keyboard Focus285'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.keysh.mkr.4"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Opening and Closing Windows286'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.keysh.mkr.5"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Online Help Keyboard Navigation292'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.keysh.mkr.6"></para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</informaltable>
<para>Keyboard shortcuts offer a way to accomplish desktop tasks such as moving
and selecting windows and controls, choosing menus, and navigating in workspaces
without the use of your mouse.<indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>shortcuts</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>When you use the keyboard to navigate on the desktop, note that:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>The Alt key is the same as the
Extend char key on some keyboards.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Return is the same as Enter on some keyboards.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>In Style Manager, the Window Behavior setting must
be Click In Window To Make Active (this is the default).</para>
<para>For more information on the Window Behavior setting, refer to <!--Original
XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;7, &xd2;Customizing the Desktop Environment'--><xref
role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.StylM.mkr.1">.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect1 id="UG.keysh.div.2">
<title id="UG.keysh.mkr.2">Menu Shortcuts</title>
<para>Menu items that appear dimmed are unavailable. They are available only
under certain conditions.</para>
<para>An underlined
character in a menu name or item is called a <symbol role="Variable">mnemonic</symbol>.
The sequence of keys listed to the right of some menu items is
called a <symbol role="Variable">shortcut key</symbol>.</para>
<indexterm><primary>menus</primary><secondary>mnemonics</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>mnemonics, menu</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>shortcut keys</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>menus</primary><secondary>shortcut keys</secondary></indexterm>
<para>Mnemonics and shortcut keys provide quick keyboard access to menu items.
</para>
<para>To choose an item from a pull-down menu using the menu's mnemonics:
</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Hold down Alt and press the underlined letter
in the menu's name.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the underlined letter in the menu item's
name.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.keysh.div.3">
<title id="UG.keysh.mkr.3">Keyboard Focus and the Highlight</title>
<indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>focus</secondary></indexterm>
<para>Keyboard
focus uses the highlight to show you which element of a window, menu, or
control will respond to your input. To activate a selected menu item or control
(such as a button), press the Spacebar.</para>
<indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>highlight</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>highlight, keyboard</primary></indexterm>
<para>In windows and dialog boxes, you can move the keyboard focus among <emphasis>tab groups</emphasis>. A tab group is a collection of related controls, such
as a set of buttons.</para>
<indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>tab groups</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>tab groups</primary></indexterm>
<graphic id="UG.keysh.igrph.1" entityref="UG.keysh.fig.1"></graphic>
<para>This portion of a dialog box shows the keyboard focus on the OK button.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.keysh.div.4">
<title id="UG.keysh.mkr.4">Moving the Keyboard Focus</title>
<indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>focus</secondary></indexterm>
<para>To move the keyboard focus, as shown by the highlight<indexterm><primary>moving</primary><secondary>keyboard focus</secondary></indexterm>:</para>
<para>Within a Window, Dialog Box, or the Front Panel</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="100*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="356*">
<thead>
<row>
<entry><para>Press</para></entry>
<entry><para>To move to</para></entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry><para>Tab<indexterm><primary>Tab key</primary></indexterm></para></entry>
<entry><para>The next tab group</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry><para>Shift+Tab</para></entry>
<entry><para>The previous tab group</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry><para>Down Arrow</para></entry>
<entry><para>The next control in the tab group</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry><para>Up Arrow</para></entry>
<entry><para>The previous control in a tab group</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry><para>F10</para></entry>
<entry><para>The window's menu bar&mdash;use the arrow keys to display menus
and move among their items</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry><para>Shift+F10</para></entry>
<entry><para>The selected object's pop-up menu&mdash;use the arrow keys to
move among the menu's items</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry><para>Alt+Spacebar</para></entry>
<entry><para>The Window menu</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<para>Within a Workspace</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="100*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="356*">
<thead>
<row><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para>Press</para></entry><entry
align="left" valign="bottom"><para>To move to</para></entry></row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Alt+Tab or Alt+Esc</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The next window or icon</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Shift+Alt+Tab</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The previous window or icon</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Alt+Up Arrow</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The bottom window in a stack of windows
(bringing it forward)</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Alt+Down Arrow</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The bottom of the window stack</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Alt+F6</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The next window belonging to an application,
or between the Front Panel and a subpanel</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Shift+Alt+F6</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The previous window belonging to an
application, or between the Front Panel and a subpanel</para></entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<para>Within a Menu</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="100*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="356*">
<thead>
<row><entry><para>Press</para></entry><entry><para>To move to</para></entry>
</row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry><para>Down Arrow</para></entry>
<entry><para>The next menu item</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry><para>Up Arrow</para></entry>
<entry><para>The previous menu item</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</informaltable>
<para>Press the Spacebar to choose a selected item from within a menu.</para>
<para>Press Esc to dismiss a menu.</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.keysh.div.5">
<title id="UG.keysh.mkr.5">Opening and Closing Windows</title>
<indexterm><primary>opening</primary><secondary>application windows</secondary></indexterm>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.6" role="Procedure">
<title>To Open an Application Window</title>
<para>From the Front Panel:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the keyboard focus to the
Front Panel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight within
the Front Panel and select a control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Return or the Spacebar to choose the control
and open the application's window.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>From Application Manager:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Open the Application Manager window by choosing
its Front Panel control as described above.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight to an
application group icon within the Application Manager window.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Return twice to open the application group.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight to an
application or action icon, then press Return twice to start the application.
</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>From a terminal emulator window:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Open a terminal emulator window by choosing its
Front Panel control as described above.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>When the window opens, type the command that starts
the application.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.7" role="Procedure">
<title>To Close an Application Window</title>
<indexterm><primary>closing</primary><secondary>application windows</secondary></indexterm>
<para>Closing a window removes it from all workspaces.</para>
<caution>
<para>Before closing an application window, save your work.</para>
</caution>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the highlight to the window
you want to close.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Alt+F4.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.8" role="Procedure">
<title>To Select a Window or Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>selecting with keyboard</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the highlight to the window
or icon you want to select.</para>
<para>When a window or icon is selected, its border changes color to show
that it is active and will receive input from the mouse or keyboard.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.9" role="Procedure">
<title>To Turn a Window into an Icon (Minimize)</title>
<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>turning into an icon</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the highlight to the window
you want to minimize.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Alt+Spacebar to display the Window menu.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose the Minimize item:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Press Down Arrow until you select
Minimize, then press Return.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, press N, the menu's mnemonic
for Minimize.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.10" role="Procedure">
<title>To Restore a Window from an Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>restoring from an icon</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>restoring</primary><secondary>windows from an icon</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the highlight to the icon
you want to restore.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Alt+Spacebar to display the Window menu.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Down Arrow to choose Restore, then press
Return.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.11" role="Procedure">
<title>To Move a Window or Window Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>moving</primary><secondary>windows</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the highlight to the window
or icon you want to move.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Alt+Spacebar to display the Window menu.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press M, the menu's mnemonic for Move.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to relocate the window or
icon.</para>
<para>Hold down Control while you press an arrow key to speed up the movement
of the window or icon.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>When you've moved the window or icon where you
want it, press Return.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>To cancel the move operation, press Esc.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.12" role="Procedure">
<title>To Resize a Window</title>
<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>resizing</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>resizing</primary><secondary>windows</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the highlight to the window
you want to resize.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Alt+Spacebar to display the Window menu.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press S, the menu's mnemonic for Size.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to stretch or shrink the window.
An outline appears to show you the window's size.</para>
<para>Hold down Control while you press an arrow key to size the window faster.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>When the outline shows the size you want, press
Return.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>To cancel the resize operation, press Esc.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.13" role="Procedure">
<title>To Scroll a Window's Contents</title>
<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>scrolling</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>scrolling window contents</primary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the keyboard focus, as
shown by the highlight, to the window whose contents you want to scroll.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Tab to move to the window area you want to
scroll.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys, Prev and Next, or Page Up
and Page Down.</para>
<para>Hold down Control while you press an arrow key to scroll faster.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.14" role="Procedure">
<title>To Select a List Item</title>
<indexterm><primary>selecting</primary><secondary>list items</secondary></indexterm>
<para>Some windows and dialog boxes display lists from which you select options
or settings.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Tab to move the highlight to the list.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move through the list.
</para>
<para>To select more then one contiguous item in lists that allow you to do
so, press Shift+Down Arrow or Shift+Up Arrow.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Tab to move the highlight to the appropriate
button (such as OK), then press Return.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.15" role="Procedure">
<title>To Display a Pull-down Menu</title>
<indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>pull-down menus</secondary></indexterm>
<para>To display a pull-down menu from a window's menu bar:<indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>displaying menus with</secondary></indexterm></para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the highlight to the application
window.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press F10 to move the highlight to the name of
the first menu in the menu bar, then use the arrow keys to display menus
and move among their items.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Return to choose a highlighted item.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>To dismiss a menu without choosing an item, press Esc.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.16" role="Procedure">
<title>To Use a Pop-up Menu</title>
<indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>pop-up menus</secondary></indexterm>
<para>With the keyboard focus on the component whose pop-up menu you want
to display:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Shift+F10 to display the pop-up menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose a menu item:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Press the Down Arrow key to
move through the menu, highlight the item you want, then press Return.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, type the underlined letter
in the menu item's name (its mnemonic).</para>
</listitem><listitem><para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, type the shortcut key,
as listed to the right of the item's name.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.17" role="Procedure">
<title>To Use the Window Menu</title>
<indexterm><primary>Window menu</primary><secondary>keyboard usage</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab or Alt+Esc to move the keyboard
focus, as shown by the highlight, to the window or icon.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Alt+Spacebar to display the Window menu.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the key for the menu item's mnemonic (the
underlined character in the item's name).</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>To close the menu without choosing an item, press Esc.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.18" role="Procedure">
<title>To Switch to Another Workspace</title>
<indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>workspaces</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab until you've placed the keyboard
focus, as shown by the highlight, on the Front Panel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight to the
button for the workspace you want to display.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Return or the Spacebar.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.19" role="Procedure">
<title>To Rename a Workspace</title>
<indexterm><primary>workspaces</primary><secondary>renaming</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>renaming</primary><secondary>workspaces</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab until you've placed the keyboard
focus, as shown by the highlight, on the Front Panel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight to the
button for the workspace you want to rename.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Shift+F10 to display the workspace button's
pop-up menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the Down Arrow key to select Rename, then
press Return.</para>
<para>The button becomes a text field.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Edit the workspace's name in the text field.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Once you've renamed the workspace, press Return.
</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.20" role="Procedure">
<title>To Move among Windows</title>
<indexterm><primary>workspaces</primary><secondary>keyboard navigation</secondary></indexterm>
<para>To move to the next window or icon, press Alt+Tab or Alt+Esc.</para>
<para>To move to the previous window or icon, press Shift+Alt+Tab or Shift+Alt+Esc.
</para>
<para>To shuffle through a stack of windows, press Alt+Up Arrow or Alt+Down
Arrow.</para>
<para>To move between the windows belonging to an application, or the Front
Panel and a subpanel, press Alt+F6 or Shift+Alt+F6.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.21" role="Procedure">
<title>To Display a Window in Other Workspaces</title>
<indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>placing in other workspaces</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the keyboard focus, as
shown by the highlight, to the window you want to display in other workspaces.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Display the Window menu by pressing Alt+Spacebar.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the Down Arrow key to select Occupy Workspace,
then press Return.</para>
<para>The Occupy Workspace dialog box appears.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Tab until the keyboard focus is in the Workspaces
list.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the workspaces in which you want the window
to appear:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Press Down Arrow or Up Arrow
to move through the list.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>To select more than one workspace, press Shift+Down
Arrow or Shift+Up Arrow.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Tab to move the keyboard focus to OK, then
press Return or the Spacebar.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.22" role="Procedure">
<title>To Choose a Front Panel Control</title>
<indexterm><primary>choosing</primary><secondary>Front Panel controls with the keyboard</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the keyboard focus to the
Front Panel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight within
the Front Panel and select a control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Return or the Spacebar to choose the control
and open the application's window.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.23" role="Procedure">
<title>To Choose a Subpanel Control</title>
<indexterm><primary>choosing</primary><secondary>subpanel controls with the keyboard</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the keyboard focus to the
Front Panel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight within
the Front Panel to one of the subpanel arrow controls, then press Return.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to move the highlight among
the controls within the subpanel, then press Return or the Spacebar to choose
a selected control.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>To close the subpanel without choosing a control, press Esc.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.24" role="Procedure">
<title>To Move the Front Panel</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Alt+Tab to move the keyboard focus to the
Front Panel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Alt+Spacebar to display the Front Panel menu.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press M, the menu's mnemonic for Move.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press the arrow keys to relocate the Front Panel.
</para>
<para>Hold down Control while you press an arrow key to speed up the movement
of the Front Panel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>When you've moved the Front Panel to where you
want it, press Return.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>To cancel the move operation, press Esc.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.keysh.div.25">
<title id="UG.keysh.mkr.6">Online Help Keyboard Navigation</title>
<indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>keyboard navigation</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>online help</primary><secondary>keyboard navigation</secondary></indexterm>
<sect2 id="UG.keysh.div.26" role="Procedure">
<title>To Get Help in Any Window</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press F1 (or the Help key if your keyboard has
one).</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="ug.keysh.div.27" role="Procedure">
<title>To Choose a Help Topic Hyperlink</title>
<indexterm><primary>choosing</primary><secondary>help topic hyperlinks with the keyboard</secondary></indexterm>
<para>Choose hyperlinks to display related information. Help topic hyperlinks
appear as<indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>hyperlinks</secondary>
</indexterm>:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Underlined text</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>An open-cornered box surrounding a graphic</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>If the help window does not already have the
keyboard focus, press Alt+Tab to move the highlight to the help window.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Tab and the arrow keys to move the highlight
to the hyperlink you want to choose, then press Return.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>To return from a hyperlink to the previous topic:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Press Control+B, the keyboard accelerator for
Backtrack.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>For more information about using Help, refer to <!--Original XRef content:
'Chapter&numsp;3, &xd2;Getting
Help'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="ug.ghelp.mkr.1">.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</appendix>
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<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Digital Equipment Corporation. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 International Business Machines Corp. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Novell, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 FUJITSU LIMITED. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hitachi. -->
<appendix id="UG.uI18N.div.1">
<title id="UG.uI18N.mkr.1">Running Localized Sessions</title>
<para>You can customize the desktop user interface in many different languages.
Various elements such as screens, default languages, fonts, input (keyboard)
methods, and icons can be changed. In addition, the menus, online help, and
error messages can be localized and are available in multiple languages.
</para>
<informaltable id="UG.uI18N.itbl.1" frame="All">
<tgroup cols="1">
<colspec colname="1" colwidth="4.0 in">
<tbody>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Default Language at Login295'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.uI18N.mkr.2"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Logging In to a Language-Specific
Session296'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.uI18N.mkr.3"></para></entry>
</row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Creating or Editing a Language-Specific
File296'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.uI18N.mkr.4"></para></entry>
</row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Using a Language-Specific Terminal
Emulator297'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.uI18N.mkr.5"></para></entry>
</row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Specifying Fonts297'--><xref role="JumpText"
linkend="UG.uI18N.mkr.6"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Changing Fonts298'--><xref role="JumpText"
linkend="UG.uI18N.mkr.7"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Choosing Your Input Method and Keyboard299'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.uI18N.mkr.9"></para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</informaltable>
<para><indexterm><primary>language-specific</primary><secondary>sessions</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>session</primary><secondary>language-specific</secondary></indexterm></para>
<sect1 id="UG.uI18N.div.2">
<title id="UG.uI18N.mkr.2">Default Language at Login</title>
<para>The messages and menus in the initial login window are displayed in
the default language. If the default language has not been set up, the messages
and menus are displayed using a generic &ldquo;C&rdquo; locale environment.
You can change the language from the Options menu in the login screen.</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.uI18N.div.3">
<title id="UG.uI18N.mkr.3">Logging In to a Language-Specific Session</title>
<indexterm><primary>language-specific</primary><secondary>login</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>logging in</primary><secondary>to language-specific session</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>login, language-specific</primary></indexterm>
<para>Logging in to a specific language through the desktop is easy. However,
specific hardware requirements such as keyboards and printers may be required
to make the localized session more usable. These requirements vary by language,
character set, and country. Software and fonts can further increase the effective
localization of your system. To log in to a language-specific session:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Use the Options menu in the login screen to select
a language.</para>
<para>The list of languages includes all the supported languages.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Log in normally with your name and password.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.uI18N.div.4">
<title id="UG.uI18N.mkr.4">Creating or Editing a Language-Specific File</title>
<indexterm><primary>language-specific</primary><secondary>data</secondary></indexterm>
<para>You can create, edit, and print language-specific files. You can also
give files language-specific names. However, for system administration files
that are shared across a network, the file names should just contain ASCII
characters. Different systems on the network might be using different locales.
</para>
<para>If you have logged in to the desktop in a specific language, all applications
will be invoked using that language. However, you can still invoke an application
with another language.</para>
<para>If you want to create a file with a different language, invoke a new
instance of Text Editor specifying your desired language.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.uI18N.div.5" role="Procedure">
<title>To Create or Edit a Language-Specific File</title>
<indexterm><primary>creating</primary><secondary>file with language-specific characters</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>editing</primary><secondary>file with language-specific characters</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>files</primary><secondary>with language-specific characters[files</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>language-specific</primary><secondary>characters in file</secondary></indexterm>
<para>To create or edit a language-specific file, you can
either start the Text Editor with the language directly
or you can set
the <systemitem class="environvar">LANG</systemitem>
environment variable prior to starting the Editor.
</para>
<para>To start the Text Editor with the language directly, invoke the
<command>dtpad</command> command with the language
specified for the <literal>-xnllanguage</literal>
option. For example:
</para>
<programlisting><command>/usr/dt/bin/dtpad -xnllanguage</command> <symbol role="Variable">Japanese_localename</symbol>
</programlisting>
<para>To set <systemitem class="environvar">LANG</systemitem> before invoking
the Editor, perform the following steps:
</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>In a Terminal window, set the LANG environment
variable to the desired language. For example, to set the locale to Japanese,
you can type:<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>setting language through</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>LANG environment variable</primary></indexterm>
</para>
<programlisting><systemitem class="environvar">LANG</systemitem>=<symbol role="Variable">Japanese_localename</symbol>
</programlisting>
<para>where <symbol role="Variable">Japanese_localename</symbol>
specifies the Japanese character set. Refer to your specific
platform to determine the value for <symbol role="Variable">Japanese_localename</symbol>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>In the same window, invoke the Text Editor ( <computeroutput>dtpad</computeroutput>) under the desired language by typing:<indexterm><primary>Text Editor</primary><secondary>starting with specific language</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>starting</primary><secondary>Text Editorwith specific language</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>language-specific</primary><secondary>Text Editor</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
<programlisting><command>/usr/dt/bin/dtpad &amp;</command>
</programlisting>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
<para>You can now enter Japanese characters if the locale specific files have
been installed. You can also use the Text Editor session to edit a previously
created Japanese file.
</para>
<para>See <!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;To Specify Fonts from the Command
Line&xd3; on page&numsp;298'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.uI18N.mkr.8">
for an example of specifying a font set.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.uI18N.div.6">
<title id="UG.uI18N.mkr.5">Using a Language-Specific Terminal Emulator</title>
<para>The following example uses <command>dtterm</command> and
will start a Japanese terminal emulator. It assumes that the default
language is not Japanese, that you are using the Korn shell, and that
the locale specific files have been installed.
</para>
<indexterm><primary>terminal emulator</primary><secondary>language-specific</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>language-specific</primary><secondary>terminal emulator</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>starting</primary><secondary>terminal emulator with specific language</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>From a command line in a Korn shell Terminal window type:</para>
<programlisting><systemitem class="environvar">LANG</systemitem>=<symbol role="Variable">Japanese_localename</symbol> <command>dtterm</command>
</programlisting>
<para>where <symbol role="Variable">Japanese_localename</symbol>
specifies the Japanese character set. Refer to your specific
platform to determine the value for <symbol role="Variable">Japanese_localename</symbol>.
</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.uI18N.div.7">
<title id="UG.uI18N.mkr.6">Specifying Fonts</title>
<indexterm><primary>fonts</primary><secondary>internationalizing</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>internationalizationand fonts</primary></indexterm>
<para>The user usually changes fonts using Style Manager, which in turn restarts
Workspace Manager, resetting the desktop fonts. You can also customize fonts
at the command line or in resource files. In an internationalized environment,
the user must specify fonts that are independent of the code set. This is
necessary because the specification can be used under various locales with
different code sets than the character set (<symbol role="Variable">charset</symbol>)
of the font. Therefore, all font lists should be specified with
a font set.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.uI18N.div.8">
<title>Font Specification</title>
<para>A <emphasis>font specification</emphasis> within a fontlist can be
either an X Logical Function Description (XLFD) name or an alias for the
XLFD name. For example, the following are valid font specifications for
a 14-point font:
</para>
<indexterm><primary>font specification</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>XLFD</primary></indexterm>
<programlisting>-dt-interface system-medium-r-normal-serif-*-*-*-*-p-*-iso8859-1
<emphasis>Or,</emphasis> -*-r-*-14-*iso8859-1</programlisting>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.uI18N.div.9">
<title>Font Set Specification</title>
<para>The <emphasis>font set specification</emphasis> within a fontlist is a list of XLFD names
or their aliases (sometimes called a <emphasis>base name list</emphasis>).
The names are separated by semi-colons, and any blank space before or after
the semi-colon is ignored. Pattern- matching (wildcard) characters can be
specified to help shorten XLFD names.</para>
<indexterm><primary>font set specification</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>base name font list</primary></indexterm>
<para>A font set specification is determined by the locale that is running.
For example, the Japanese locale defines three fonts (character sets) necessary
to display all of its characters. The following example identifies the set
of Mincho fonts needed.</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Sample name list with character
set:</para>
<programlisting>-dt-interface system-medium-r-normal-serif-*-*-*-*-p-*-14;
-dt-mincho-medium-r-normal--14-*-*-m-*-jisx0201.1976-0;
-dt-mincho-medium-r-normal--28-*-*-*-m-*-jisx0208.1983-0:
</programlisting>
</listitem><listitem><para>Sample single pattern name without character set:
</para>
<programlisting>-dt-*-medium-*-24-*-m-*:
</programlisting>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<para>The preceding two cases can be used with a Japanese locale as long as
there are fonts that match the base name list.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.uI18N.div.10">
<title id="UG.uI18N.mkr.7">Changing Fonts</title>
<para>You can change the fonts of <computeroutput>dtterm</computeroutput>
by using either of the following methods:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Specifying fonts from the command
line</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Specifying fonts within a resource file</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="UG.uI18N.div.11" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.uI18N.mkr.8">To Specify Fonts from the Command Line</title>
<para>To change the fonts for the menu from the command line, type:
</para>
<indexterm><primary>fonts</primary><secondary>specifying from the command line</secondary></indexterm>
<programlisting>dtterm -xrm '*fontList: <emphasis>fontset'</emphasis></programlisting>
<para>where <emphasis>fontset</emphasis> is a font set specification. A font
set specification can be specified by a full X Logical Font Description (XLFD)
name list, a simple XLFD pattern, or an alias name. Note that a font set
specification is determined by the locale that is running.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.uI18N.div.12">
<title>Examples</title>
<para>To use a larger font except for the menu font, type:</para>
<programlisting>dtterm -xrm '*fontList:-dt-interface user-medium-r-normal-l*-*-*-*:'
</programlisting>
<para>To use a smaller font except for the menu font, type:</para>
<programlisting>dtterm -xrm '*fontList:-dt-interface user-medium-r-normal-s*-*-*-*:'
</programlisting>
<para>These specifications will work for any locale.<indexterm><primary>fonts</primary><secondary>specifying from the command line &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm></para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.uI18N.div.13" role="Procedure">
<title>To Specify Fonts within a Resource File</title>
<para>While it is possible to set fonts by editing application resource files in the
<filename>/usr/dt/app-defaults/</filename><symbol role="Variable">language</symbol>
directory, this practice is not recommended. Such files are automatically
overwritten at each new installation. Rather, you should set fonts by adding
the resources to your personal
<Symbol Role="Variable">HomeDirectory</Symbol><Filename>/.Xdefaults</Filename> file.
</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.uI18N.div.14">
<title id="UG.uI18N.mkr.9">Choosing Your Input Method and Keyboard</title>
<para>Each locale has a single default input method associated with it. If
the user does nothing, this default is selected. Because there may be many
input methods installed at any one time, the following sections explain how
various input methods are selected on behalf of the user.
</para>
<para>In addition to using resources to set the input method and the input method
style for preediting, you can use the Style Manager's <literal>Intl'</literal>
(Internationalization) control to set these values interactively.
For details, refer to the <citetitle>CDE Advanced User's
and System Administrator's Guide</citetitle>.
</para>
<sect2 id="UG.uI18N.div.15">
<title>Using Input Method Modifiers</title>
<para>When there is more than one input
method for a locale, use the <computeroutput>XmNinputMethod</computeroutput>
resource to identify the one you would like used. This is done by specifying
a <symbol role="Variable">modifier</symbol>. The modifier must be of the following
form, where <symbol role="Variable">modifier</symbol> is the name used to
uniquely identify the input method:</para>
<indexterm><primary>input method for locales</primary></indexterm>
<para>inputMethod :@im=<symbol role="Variable">modifier</symbol></para>
<para>The <symbol role="Variable">modifier</symbol> string specified in the <computeroutput>XmNinputMethod</computeroutput> resource is used to choose which input method
is used.</para>
<para>Alternatively, set the XMODIFIERS environment variable. The syntax
is the same as for the <command>XmNinputMethod</command> resource, but values
are not. Values for XMODIFIERS are vendor specific.<indexterm><primary>XMODIFIERS environment variable</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>&lt;Filename | Command>XmNinputMethod &lt;Default Para Font> resource</primary>
</indexterm></para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.uI18N.div.16">
<title>Specifying the Input Method Style</title>
<para>The input method style determines how pre-editing will occur. It is
controlled by the <Symbol>XmNpreeditType</Symbol>
resource. The syntax, possible values, and default value type of the <Symbol>XmNpreeditType</Symbol> resource are:</para>
<indexterm><primary><Symbol>XmNpreeditType</Symbol></primary></indexterm>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="107*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="349*">
<thead>
<row><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para>Syntax</para></entry><entry
align="left" valign="bottom"><para>value[,value,....]</para></entry></row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Possible values</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>OverTheSpot, OffTheSpot, OnTheSpot, Root, None
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Default value</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>OnTheSpot, OverTheSpot, OffTheSpot, Root</para></entry>
</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<para>The string list, separated by a comma, specifies the priority order
for this resource. The first value supported by the input method is used.
</para>
<para>For more information, see the <emphasis>Internationalization Programmer's
Guide.<indexterm><primary>input method for locales &lt;$endrange></primary></indexterm></emphasis></para>
</sect2><?Pub Caret>
<sect2 id="UG.uI18N.div.17">
<title>Changing the X Keyboard Map at the Server</title>
<para>If the keymaps currently used by the X server do not match the physical
keyboard on the system, you can change them manually by using the
<command>xmodmap</command> command or a vendor keyboard mapping utility.
For information on the <command>xmodmap</command> command, type
<command>man xmodmap</command>.
</para>
<indexterm><primary>keymaps, changing</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary><command>xmodmap</command></primary></indexterm>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</appendix>
<!--fickle 1.14 mif-to-docbook 1.7 01/02/96 10:57:19-->
<?Pub *0000034935>

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<Title>Common Desktop Environment: User's Guide</Title>
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<!-- $XConsortium: ch02.sgm /main/9 1996/09/08 19:42:38 rws $ -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Digital Equipment Corporation. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 International Business Machines Corp. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Novell, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 FUJITSU LIMITED. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hitachi. -->
<Chapter Id="UG.LogIn.div.1">
<Title Id="UG.LogIn.mkr.1">Starting a Desktop Session</Title>
<Para>A desktop session occurs between the time
you log in and the time you log out.</Para>
<Para>The login screen, displayed by the Login Manager, is your gateway to the
desktop.<IndexTerm>
<Primary>login screen</Primary>
</IndexTerm>
It provides a place for you to type your login name and password.
The Options menu on the login screen lists your login options. In addition to
running a desktop session, you can run a failsafe session. You can
also select the language for your session.</Para>
<InformalTable Id="UG.LogIn.itbl.1" Frame="All">
<TGroup Cols="1">
<ColSpec Colname="1" Colwidth="4.0 in">
<TBody>
<Row Rowsep="1">
<Entry><Para><!--Original XRef content: 'Starting and Ending a Desktop Session35'--><XRef Role="JumpText" Linkend="UG.LogIn.mkr.2"></Para></Entry>
</Row>
<Row Rowsep="1">
<Entry><Para><!--Original XRef content: 'To Use a Session in a Different Language36'--><XRef Role="JumpText" Linkend="UG.LogIn.mkr.3"></Para></Entry>
</Row>
<Row Rowsep="1">
<Entry><Para><!--Original XRef content: 'Starting a Failsafe Session37'--><XRef Role="JumpText" Linkend="UG.LogIn.mkr.4"></Para></Entry>
</Row>
<Row Rowsep="1">
<Entry><Para><!--Original XRef content: 'Starting a Command-Line Session37'--><XRef Role="JumpText" Linkend="UG.LogIn.mkr.5"></Para></Entry>
</Row>
<Row Rowsep="1">
<Entry><Para><!--Original XRef content: 'Using a Home Session38'--><XRef Role="JumpText" Linkend="UG.LogIn.mkr.6"></Para></Entry>
</Row>
</TBody>
</TGroup>
</InformalTable>
<Sect1 Id="UG.LogIn.div.2">
<Title Id="UG.LogIn.mkr.2">Starting and Ending a Desktop Session</Title>
<Para>A desktop session starts when you log in. Session Manager is started after
Login Manager authenticates your login and password.</Para>
<Para>Session Manager provides the ability to <Emphasis>manage</Emphasis> sessions&mdash;to remember the
state of your most recent session and return you there the next time you log in.</Para>
<Para>Session Manager saves and restores:</Para>
<ItemizedList Remap="Bullet1">
<ListItem>
<Para>The appearance and behavior settings &ndash; for example, fonts, colors, and
mouse settings.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>The window applications that were running &ndash; for example, your File
Manager and Text Editor windows. Certain types of applications can't be
saved and restored by Session Manager. For example, if you start the <Command>vi</Command>
editor from a command line in a Terminal window, Session Manager cannot
restore your editing session.</Para>
</ListItem>
</ItemizedList>
<Sect2 Id="UG.LogIn.div.3" Role="Procedure">
<Title>To Log In to a Desktop Session</Title>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Type your login name and press Return or click OK.<IndexTerm>
<Primary>logging in</Primary>
</IndexTerm>
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Type your password and press Return or click OK.<IndexTerm>
<Primary>desktop session</Primary>
</IndexTerm>
</Para>
<Para>If Login Manager does not recognize your name or password, click Start
Over and start the log in process over again.</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
<Para>Once you've logged in, Session Manager starts a session:</Para>
<ItemizedList Remap="Bullet1">
<ListItem>
<Para>If this is the first time you've logged in, you'll get a new session.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>If you've logged in before, your previous session will be restored.</Para>
</ListItem>
</ItemizedList>
</Sect2>
<Sect2 Id="UG.LogIn.div.4" Role="Procedure">
<Title>To Log Out</Title>
<ItemizedList Remap="Bullet1">
<ListItem>
<Para>Click the Exit control in the Front Panel.<IndexTerm>
<Primary>logging out</Primary>
</IndexTerm><IndexTerm>
<Primary>Front Panel</Primary>
<Secondary>Exit control</Secondary>
</IndexTerm><IndexTerm>
<Primary>Exit control</Primary>
</IndexTerm>
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para><Emphasis>Or</Emphasis>, choose Log out from the Workspace menu.</Para>
</ListItem>
</ItemizedList>
<Para>When you log out of a regular desktop session, Session Manager saves
information about your current session so that it can be restored the next time
you log in. Information about non-desktop applications may not be saved.</Para>
</Sect2>
<Sect2 Id="UG.LogIn.div.5" Role="Procedure">
<Title Id="UG.LogIn.mkr.3">To Use a Session in a Different Language</Title>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Choose Language from the Options menu on the login screen.<IndexTerm>
<Primary>language, setting for desktop session</Primary>
</IndexTerm>
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Choose the language group that includes the language you need.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Select a language.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Log in.</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
<Para>The default language for your system is set by your system administrator. The
Options menu enables you to access other languages. Choosing a language in
the Options menu sets the LANG environment variable for your session. The
default language is restored at the end of the session.</Para>
</Sect2>
</Sect1>
<Sect1 Id="UG.LogIn.div.6">
<Title Id="UG.LogIn.mkr.4">Starting a Failsafe Session</Title>
<Para><IndexTerm>
<Primary>failsafe session</Primary>
</IndexTerm>A failsafe session is a session that starts a single Terminal window (and
optionally Workspace Manager). It is useful when you need access to a single
Terminal window to execute several commands before logging in to a desktop
session.</Para>
<Sect2 Id="UG.LogIn.div.7" Role="Procedure">
<Title>To Log In to a Failsafe Session</Title>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Choose Session from the Options menu.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Choose Failsafe Session from the Session submenu.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Log in.</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
</Sect2>
<Sect2 Id="UG.LogIn.div.8" Role="Procedure">
<Title>To Log Out of a Failsafe Session</Title>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Type the <Command>exit</Command> command in a Terminal window.</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
</Sect2>
</Sect1>
<Sect1 Id="UG.LogIn.div.9">
<Title Id="UG.LogIn.mkr.5">Starting a Command-Line Session</Title>
<Para>Command Line Login mode enables you to temporarily leave the desktop to
work in your operating system enviroment. Command Line Login mode is not
a desktop session. When your system is in Command Line Login mode, the
desktop is suspended. You log in using your operating system mechanism
rather than Login Manager. There are no windows because the X server is not
running.<IndexTerm>
<Primary>Command Line Login mode</Primary>
<Secondary>definition of</Secondary>
</IndexTerm>
</Para>
<Sect2 Id="UG.LogIn.div.10" Role="Procedure">
<Title>To Log In to and Out of a Command-Line Session</Title>
<Note>
<Para>Certain types of configurations (for example, X terminals) do not
provide a Command Line Login mode option.</Para>
</Note>
<Para>To enter Command Line Login mode:<IndexTerm>
<Primary>Command Line Login mode</Primary>
<Secondary>logging in to</Secondary>
</IndexTerm><IndexTerm>
<Primary>Command Line Login mode</Primary>
<Secondary>exiting</Secondary>
</IndexTerm><IndexTerm>
<Primary>starting</Primary>
<Secondary>Command Line Login Mode</Secondary>
</IndexTerm>
</Para>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Choose Command Line Login from the Options menu.</Para>
<Para>The login screen disappears and is replaced by a console prompt.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Supply your login and password as prompted.</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
<Para>To leave Command Line Login mode:</Para>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Type <Command>exit</Command> at a command-line prompt.</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
</Sect2>
</Sect1>
<Sect1 Id="UG.LogIn.div.11">
<Title Id="UG.LogIn.mkr.6">Using a Home Session</Title>
<Para>Ordinarily, the desktop saves session information when you log out and uses
that information to start your next session. If you start or stop applications
during your session, or use Style Manager to change the appearance and
behavior of your system, changes you make are reflected in your next session.
This type of session is called a <Emphasis>current session</Emphasis>.<IndexTerm>
<Primary>current session</Primary>
<Secondary>definition of</Secondary>
</IndexTerm><IndexTerm>
<Primary>home session</Primary>
<Secondary>definition of</Secondary>
</IndexTerm><IndexTerm>
<Primary>session</Primary>
<Secondary>current</Secondary>
</IndexTerm><IndexTerm>
<Primary>session</Primary>
<Secondary>home</Secondary>
</IndexTerm>
</Para>
<Para>The desktop also provides a <Emphasis>home session</Emphasis>. A home session is a session that you
explicitly save. It's like taking a snapshot of your current session at some point
in time. Once you've saved a home session, you can specify that logging in
always restores that session instead of the current session.</Para>
<Sect2 Id="UG.LogIn.div.12" Role="Procedure">
<Title>To Save a Home Session</Title>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Click the Style Manager control in the Front Panel.<IndexTerm>
<Primary>home session</Primary>
<Secondary>setting</Secondary>
</IndexTerm>
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Click the Startup control in Style Manager.</Para>
<Para>The Startup dialog box is displayed.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Click Set Home Session in the Startup dialog box.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Click OK in the confirmation dialog box that appears.</Para>
<Para>This saves the current state of your session.</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
</Sect2>
<Sect2 Id="UG.LogIn.div.13" Role="Procedure">
<Title>To Automatically Start the Home Session at Login</Title>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>Click the Style Manager control in the Front Panel.<IndexTerm>
<Primary>home session</Primary>
<Secondary>starting automatically at login</Secondary>
</IndexTerm><IndexTerm>
<Primary>starting</Primary>
<Secondary>home session automatically at login</Secondary>
</IndexTerm>
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Click the Startup control in Style Manager.</Para>
<Para>The Startup dialog box is displayed.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Select Return to Home session.</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Click OK.</Para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
<Para>When you choose Return to Home session, Session Manager will <Symbol Role="Variable">not</Symbol> save your
session at logout.</Para>
</Sect2>
<Sect2 Id="UG.LogIn.div.14" Role="Procedure">
<Title>To Choose Which Session to Start</Title>
<OrderedList>
<ListItem>
<Para>On the Login screen, click the Options button.<IndexTerm>
<Primary>session</Primary>
<Secondary>determining at login</Secondary>
</IndexTerm>
</Para>
</ListItem>
<ListItem>
<Para>Click Session. The Session menu lists the available sessions:
</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry><term>Current</term>
<listitem>
<para>Starts your most recent session.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry><term>Home</term>
<listitem>
<para>Starts your home session (if you set one).</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry><term><emphasis>display-name</emphasis> - Current</term>
<listitem>
<para>Creates a new session specific to your display and starts your display-specific
home session (if you created one), your generic home session (if one exists),
or a new user session.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry><term><emphasis>display-name</emphasis> - Home</term>
<listitem>
<para>Creates a new session specific to your display and starts either
your generic home session (if one exists) or a new user session.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry><term>Failsafe Session</term>
<listitem>
<para>Starts a failsafe session.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Click on the session you want to start.
</para>
</ListItem>
</OrderedList>
</Sect2>
</Sect1>
</Chapter>
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<!-- $XConsortium: ch03.sgm /main/14 1996/11/11 20:12:39 cdedoc $ -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Digital Equipment Corporation. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 International Business Machines Corp. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Novell, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 FUJITSU LIMITED. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hitachi. -->
<chapter id="UG.GHelp.div.1">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.1">Getting Help <?X-setsize 13.0 pt><indexterm><primary>online help</primary></indexterm><?X-setsize 13.0 pt></title>
<para>Online help is available for each of the standard applications in the
Common Desktop Environment (CDE). Whether you are using File Manager,
Calendar, or Mailer for example, you request and display help topics in the same way.
You can also view help information on your system using the desktop Help
Manager.</para>
<para>Other applications installed on your desktop may take advantage of using
the desktop's Help System or provide help in other ways.</para>
<informaltable id="UG.GHelp.itbl.1" frame="All">
<tgroup cols="1" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
<colspec colwidth="4.00in">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Requesting
Help42'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.2"></para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Using Help
Windows45'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.6"></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Selecting
Help Topics46'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.8"></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Moving
between Help Topics48'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.12"></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Searching
for Specific Information51'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.13"></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Viewing
Help on Your System53'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.17"></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Printing
Help Topics57'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.20"></para></entry>
</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<sect1 id="UG.GHelp.div.2">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.2">Requesting Help</title>
<para><literal><indexterm><primary>application help</primary></indexterm></literal>Here
are the ways you can request<?Pub Caret> Help:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Press F1&mdash;also known as
the &ldquo;help key&rdquo;&mdash;to get <emphasis>context-sensitive</emphasis>
help</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose a command from an application's Help menu
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Open the Information Manager subpanel
to open Help Manager or choose On Item Help or help about the desktop</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.3">
<title>Press F1 <literal>&mdash;</literal> The Help Key<indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>using Help key</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>When you have a question, the quickest and easiest way to get help is
to press F1. When you press F1, the application you are using displays a
help topic most closely related to the component&mdash;a window or button
for example&mdash;that is highlighted.<indexterm><primary>help</primary>
<secondary>context-sensitive</secondary></indexterm> Because the application
determines which help topic is most appropriate, this type of help is called <emphasis>context-sensitive</emphasis>.</para>
<para>The F1 key is a quick way to get help on an application menu or dialog
box. For example, to request help about the File Manager File menu, display
the File menu and press F1. File Manager displays a description of each item
in the menu. Or, if a dialog box is open, pressing F1 will display an explanation
of the dialog box. The F1 key is a shortcut for clicking the dialog box's
Help button.</para>
<note>
<para>Some computers have a dedicated &ldquo;Help&rdquo; key on the keyboard.
If yours does, it may take the place of the F1 key.</para>
</note>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.4">
<title>Using an Application's Help Menu</title>
<para>Most applications have a Help menu that contains commands for requesting
different types of help such as an introduction, application tasks, or reference
information.</para>
<figure>
<title>CDE application Help menu</title>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.grph.1" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.1"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>A typical CDE Help menu includes these commands:</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<?PubTbl tgroup dispwid="6.13in">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="143*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="362*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Overview</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays the <emphasis>home topic</emphasis>
for the application. The home topic is the first topic of the application's
help topic hierarchy.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Table of Contents</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays all the topics
in the the application's help topic hierarchy.
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Tasks</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays task instructions for most
operations performed with the application.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Reference</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays reference summaries for various
components, such as windows and dialog boxes, menus, and application resources.
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>On Item</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Enables you to click an item in any
window of an application and view a description of the item.</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Using Help</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Provides help on using the help windows.
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>About <emphasis>Application</emphasis></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays the version and copyright
information for the application.</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<para>Applications can include additional choices. Also, non-CDE applications
may have different commands in their Help menus.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.5">
<title>On Item Application Help<indexterm><primary>On Item help</primary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>On Item help</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>On Item help is interactive. It enables you to move the pointer to a
specific item (such as a menu, button or dialog box) and click the item to
display its corresponding help.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.6" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.3">To Select On Item Help</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose On Item from the Help menu.</para>
<para>The pointer changes to a ? (question mark).</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Move the pointer to an item in the application
and click mouse button 1.</para>
<para>A description of the item is displayed.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.7">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.4">Using Help Manager<indexterm><primary>Help Manager</primary><secondary>Front Panel control</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>Help Manager is a special help volume that lists all the online help
registered on your system. Clicking Help Manager in the Information Manager subpanel
opens the Help Manager help volume.
</para>
<figure>
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.5">Information Manager subpanel</title>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.grph.2" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.2"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>Click any of the underlined titles to view the corresponding help information.
For additional instructions about using Help Manager see <!--Original XRef
content: '&xd2;Viewing Help on
Your System&xd3; on page 53'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.17">.
</para>
<para>For convenience, you can also find help about the desktop and the Front
Panel in the Information Manager subpanel. It also provides On Item help for the Front Panel
and its subpanels.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.GHelp.div.8">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.6">Using Help Windows</title>
<para>The <emphasis>Help System</emphasis> is
built into each of the CDE applications (and possibly other applications
installed on your system). When you ask for help while using an application,
the application displays a help window.<indexterm><primary>help</primary>
<secondary>windows</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>help windows</primary>
<secondary>types of</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>Applications can use two types of help windows to display help topics:
a <emphasis>general help window</emphasis> and a <emphasis>quick help window</emphasis>, shown in <!--Original
XRef content: 'Figure 3&hyphen;4'--><xref role="CodeOrFigureOrTable"
linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.7">.</para>
<figure>
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.7">Types of help windows</title>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.grph.4" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.4"></graphic>
</figure>
<para><indexterm><primary>topic tree</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>topic display area</primary></indexterm><emphasis>General help windows</emphasis>
have a topic tree and a topic display area. The <emphasis>topic tree</emphasis>
is a list of help topics that you can view to find help on a subject. When
you choose a topic, it is displayed in the lower portion of the help window
called the <emphasis>topic display area</emphasis>.<indexterm><primary>help windows</primary><secondary>topic tree</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>help windows</primary><secondary>topic display area</secondary>
</indexterm></para>
<para><emphasis>Quick help windows</emphasis> are streamlined help windows.
A quick help window has just a topic display area and one or more buttons.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.GHelp.div.9">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.8">Selecting Help Topics</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>hyperlink, used in help</primary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>help</primary><secondary>displaying topics</secondary></indexterm>There
are two ways to select a help topic. You can choose a topic from the topic
tree. Or, within a help topic, you can select a hyperlink. A <emphasis>hyperlink</emphasis> is an active word or phrase that &ldquo;jumps&rdquo; to another
related help topic. Any underlined text in a help window is a hyperlink.
</para>
<para>Graphic images can also be used as hyperlinks. For more information
about hyperlinks, see <!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;Using Hyperlinks&xd3;
on page 47'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.10">.
</para>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.10">
<title>Using the Topic Tree</title>
<para>The topic tree is an outline of a help volume's major topics. Subtopics
are indented under main topics. The current topic, whose contents are displayed
in the topic display area, is marked with an &ogon; (arrow). You can scroll
the topic display area to see all your choices or resize the entire help window.
</para>
<para>You can also change the size of the topic pane. To do so, drag the sash
control shown in <!--Original XRef content: 'Figure 3&hyphen;5'--><xref
role="CodeOrFigureOrTable" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.9">. Then release the mouse
button to set the new size.</para>
<figure>
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.9">Resizing the topic tree</title>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.grph.5" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.5"></graphic>
</figure>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.11" role="Procedure">
<title>To Select A Topic</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Move the pointer into the topic tree.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click mouse button 1 on the topic you want to display.
</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.12">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.10">Using Hyperlinks</title>
<para>Any underlined text in a help window is a hyperlink. It is easy to &ldquo;jump&rdquo;
to related help topics using hyperlinks&mdash;just click the underlined text.
</para>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.13">
<title>What Hyperlinks Look Like</title>
<para>A solid underline identifies a standard hyperlink that displays the
new topic in the current help window. For example, the last paragraph in
<!--Original XRef content: 'Figure 3&hyphen;5'--><xref role="CodeOrFigureOrTable"
linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.9"> shows a hyperlink of this type.</para>
<para>A dashed underline indicates a <emphasis>definition link</emphasis>,
which displays a quick help window.</para>
<para>A graphic&mdash;an icon, for example&mdash;can also be a hyperlink.
A grey open- cornered border identifies a graphic hyperlink. <!--Original
XRef content: 'Figure 3&hyphen;6'--><xref role="CodeOrFigureOrTable"
linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.11"> shows the different hyperlink formats that can
be used in help topics.</para>
<figure>
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.11">Hyperlink formats</title>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.grph.6" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.6"></graphic>
</figure>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.14">
<title>Links That Display a New Window</title>
<para>Most hyperlinks display the related topic in the same window. However,
if you choose a hyperlink that jumps to a help topic for another application,
a new window is displayed. Links that jump from one application's online
help into another's are called <emphasis>cross-volume</emphasis> or <emphasis>cross-application</emphasis> hyperlinks.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.15" role="Procedure">
<title>To Select A Hyperlink</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Move the pointer to the underlined text or graphic
image.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click mouse button 1.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.GHelp.div.16">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.12">Moving between Help Topics<indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>moving between topics</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>help commands</primary><secondary>Backtrack</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>help commands</primary><secondary>History</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>help commands</primary><secondary>Home Topic</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>To move between help topics, use these commands on the Navigate menu:
</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="100*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="356*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Backtrack</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Returns to the previous topic. Backtrack
enables you to return to each topic you have visited.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>History</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays a History dialog box that
lists help volumes and topics you have visited. Select a help topic to re-display
it.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Home Topic</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Returns to the home topic, or beginning
of the help volume.</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<para>For convenience, Backtrack and History are also provided as push buttons.
</para>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.17">
<title>Help Pop-up Menu<indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>pop-up
menu</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>In a general help window, you can also use the Help pop-up menu as a
shortcut. The pop-up menu includes both Backtrack and Home Topic, which
are frequently used commands.</para>
<para>Quick help windows do not have a pop-up menu.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.18" role="Procedure">
<title>To Display the Help Pop-up Menu</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Point to the topic display area and press mouse
button 3.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Backtrack or Home Topic.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<figure>
<title>Help pop-up menu</title>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.grph.7" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.7"></graphic>
</figure>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.19">
<title>Knowing Where You Are<indexterm><primary>help volume</primary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>help topic</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>home topic,
in help volume</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>hierarchy of topics</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>Each application that provides online help has a <emphasis>help volume</emphasis>. A volume consists of a group of <emphasis>help topics</emphasis>
that describe the application and explain how to use its features. For instance,
an application could organize its help using these main topics: Concepts,
Tasks and Reference.</para>
<figure>
<title>Help volume organization</title>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.grph.8" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.8"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>The home topic is the first topic, or beginning of the help volume.
Main level topics are accessible from the home topic, or may also be listed
in your application's Help menu.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.20">
<title>Moving between Different Help Volumes</title>
<para>Frequently hyperlinks take you to another topic in your application's
help volume. While viewing the Tasks topics, for example, you might select
a hyperlink to a topic in the Reference section.</para>
<para>A group of related applications, however, may use hyperlinks to cross-
reference information in different help volumes. For example, an application
could include a hyperlink to the desktop's introductory help volume that
explains basic mouse and keyboard skills.</para>
<para>Because hyperlinks can quickly take you from one piece of information
to another, you may need to know where you are. A quick look at your help
window can give you the information you need.</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>The line located below the menu
bar reports the name of the volume you are viewing. This is helpful when
you have explored several help volumes using Help Manager, the help index,
or cross-volume links.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.igrph.1" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.9"></graphic>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Within the topic tree, the first
item is the <emphasis>home topic</emphasis>, or the beginning of the help
volume. After exploring topics, you can easily return to the home topic by
scrolling to the top of the topic tree. Or, you can choose Home Topic from
the Navigate menu or pop-up menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>An &ogon; (arrow) points to the title of the current
topic. As you choose topics, the arrow moves to identify your selection.
Scrolling the topic tree shows you where you are located relative to other
topics.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.21">
<title>Knowing Where You've Been</title>
<para>A general help window keeps track of the topics that you have visited.
The History command opens a dialog box that lists the help volumes and help
topics you have visited.</para>
<figure>
<title>History dialog box</title>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.grph.9" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.10"></graphic>
</figure>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.22" role="Procedure">
<title>To Use History To Return to a Topic</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the History button.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose the title of the help volume or topic that
you want to display.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>When you're done, click Close.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.GHelp.div.23">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.13">Searching for Specific Information<indexterm>
<primary>help</primary><secondary>index</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>wildcards</primary><secondary>to search help index</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>Like a book, a help volume has an index of important words and phrases
that you can use to find help topics on a subject. You can view or search
the index of the current volume, selected volumes, or all help volumes available
on your system.</para>
<figure>
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.14">Index Search dialog box</title>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.grph.10" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.11"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>Because the help index can be quite large even for a single volume,
index entries can be expanded or contracted. A + (plus) sign indicates that
the index entry relates to more than one help topic. The number shows the
count of help topics. You can click the index item to list the topics.</para>
<para>For instance, the result of an index search for the word &ldquo;display&rdquo;
is shown in <!--Original XRef content: 'Figure 3&hyphen;10'--><xref
role="CodeOrFigureOrTable" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.14">. The -36 prefix tells
you that there are 36 index entries that contain the keyword &ldquo;display.&rdquo;
Clicking any title marked by a + (plus) expands the list and the + (plus)
changes to a - (minus) sign. The last index entry shown in the figure has
been expanded in this way.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.24" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.15">To Search for Topics Using the Help Index</title>
<note>
<para>The help index is available only in a general help window</para>
</note>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>To open the index, click the Index button.<indexterm>
<primary>help commands</primary><secondary>Index</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>The index lists all of the entries for the current help volume. You
can choose <emphasis>All Volumes</emphasis> to view an index for all available
help volumes or choose <emphasis>Selected</emphasis> if you want to select
only certain volumes.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the Entries with field, type the word or
phrase you are looking for, and press Return.</para>
<para>Index searches are not case sensitive. Wildcards such as * (asterisk)
and ? (question mark) can be used (see <!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;Pattern
Searches'--><xref role="SectionTitle" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.16"> below).
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the index entry you want to view.</para>
<para>If the entry has a + (plus sign) prefix, the list will expand to show
additional choices. Then select a help topic to view.</para>
<para>You may view as many topics as you want.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Close when you are done.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.25">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.16">Pattern Searches</title>
<para>In a pattern search certain characters (known as &ldquo;wildcards&rdquo;)
have special meaning. You can combine these characters in a variety of ways.
</para>
<para>Two frequently used wildcards are asterisk (<filename>*</filename>)
and question mark (<filename>?</filename>). The <filename>*</filename> matches
any string of characters (including no characters), and <filename>?</filename>
matches any single character. Other wildcards include:</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="1.41in">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="4.61in">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>. (period)</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Matches any character</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>| (vertical bar)</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Specifies two search patterns and matches
either pattern (logical OR)</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>() (parentheses)</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Encloses a pattern expression</para></entry>
</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<para>To search for a character that has special meaning in a regular expression,
precede the character with a \ (backslash).</para>
<sect4 id="UG.GHelp.div.26">
<title>Examples</title>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<?PubTbl tgroup dispwid="6.15in">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="168*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="339*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>mouse.*clicking</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Matches entries that contain the word
&ldquo;mouse&rdquo; followed by any number of characters followed by &ldquo;clicking&rdquo;
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>mouse | click</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Matches entries that contain the word
&ldquo;mouse&rdquo; or &ldquo;click&rdquo;</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>(session | style).*manager</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Matches entries that contain &ldquo;Session
Manager&rdquo; or &ldquo;Style Manager&rdquo;</para></entry></row></tbody>
</tgroup></informaltable>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.GHelp.div.27">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.17">Viewing Help on Your System<indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>viewing</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>You can view all application help volumes registered on your system
without having to start each individual application&mdash;just start Help
Manager from the Front Panel.</para>
<para>At the top level, Help Manager groups help volumes into <emphasis>help
families</emphasis>. For example, the help family Common Desktop Environment
lists help volumes for the standard desktop applications. You can view
and display any of the volumes listed.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.28" role="Procedure">
<title>To Open Help Manager<indexterm><primary>Help Manager</primary><secondary>opening</secondary></indexterm></title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Click Help Manager in the Information Manager subpanel
(see <!--Original XRef content: 'Figure 3&hyphen;2 on
page 44'--><xref role="CodeOrFigOrTabAndPNum" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.5">).
</para>
<para>A help window displays a list of help families with online help. This
is the top level of Help Manager.</para>
<figure>
<title>Top-level view in Help Manager</title>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.grph.11" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.12"></graphic>
</figure>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Scroll the window to find the product group you
are interested in and click its title (underlined).</para>
<para>This lists the help volumes available for that product.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>To open a particular help volume, click its title
(underlined text).</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>To return to the top level of Help Manager, click
the<indexterm><primary>help commands</primary><secondary>Top Level</secondary>
</indexterm> Top Level button.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.29">
<title>Example</title>
<para>To view File Manager's online help:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click Help Manager in the Information Manager subpanel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Common Desktop Environment.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Scroll the list of help volumes until you see File
Manager Help.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click File Manager Help.</para>
<para>File Manager's help is displayed. This is the same help information
you would see if you opened File Manager and chose Overview from the Help
menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<figure>
<title>File Manager help viewed in Help Manager</title>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.grph.12" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.13"></graphic>
</figure>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.30" role="Procedure">
<title>To Duplicate a Help Window<indexterm><primary>help commands</primary>
<secondary>New Window</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>help windows</primary><secondary>duplicating</secondary></indexterm></title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose New Window from the Help Manager File
menu.</para>
<para>The current help window is duplicated. You can size the new window and
select topics independently of the original window.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>To remove the window, choose Close from the File
menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<note>
<para>The New Window command is only available in the Help Manager help window
(see <!--Original XRef content: ''--><xref role="CodeOrFigureOrTable" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.4"> <!--Original
XRef content: '&xd2;Viewing Help on Your System&xd3; on page 53'--><xref
role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.GHelp.mkr.17">).</para>
</note>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.GHelp.div.31">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.18">Displaying a Man Page<indexterm><primary>man
pages, displaying</primary></indexterm></title>
<para>Manual reference pages, traditionally known as &ldquo;man pages,&rdquo;
can be displayed using the Man Page Viewer action. The action icon is located
in the Desktop_Apps folder in Application Manager.</para>
<figure>
<title>Man Page action icon</title>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.grph.13" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.14"></graphic>
</figure>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.32" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.19">To Display a Man Page<indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>man pages</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>man pages, displaying</primary></indexterm></title>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Click the Application Manager control in the
Front Panel.
</para>
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.igrph.2" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.15"></graphic>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Double-click the Desktop_Apps icon.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Click the Man Page Viewer icon.</para>
<para>A dialog box is displayed, prompting you to enter a man page name.
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.igrph.3" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.16"></graphic>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Type the name of the man page you want to see
and press Return.</para>
<para>The man page is displayed in a quick help window.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Close to dismiss the man page.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.GHelp.div.33">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.20">Printing Help Topics<indexterm><primary>printing</primary><secondary>help topics</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>printing help topics</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>Sometimes you may want to have a printed version of a help topic for
a particular application. You can print an individual help topic, a table
of contents and index, or the entire help volume. Printing options, such
as paper size, number of copies, and destination printer, can also be set
in the Print dialog box.</para>
<para>Printed help topics are directed to your default printer unless you
provide a different printer name in the dialog box. Printed output is text
only.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.34" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.21">To Print a Help Topic<indexterm><primary>help
commands</primary><secondary>Print</secondary></indexterm></title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Print from the File menu. (In a quick
help window, click the Print button.)</para>
<para>You can use the default values in the Print dialog box and skip to step
5 or enter new values for your print job.
<graphic id="UG.GHelp.igrph.4" entityref="UG.GHelp.fig.17"></graphic>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Optional. Type the name of the printer that you
want to use.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para><emphasis>Optional</emphasis>. Type the number
of copies to print.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para><emphasis>Optional.</emphasis> Click the paper
size button to choose a paper size.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the topic or topics you want to print.</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<?PubTbl tgroup dispwid="6.07in">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="202*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="298*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Current Topic (the default)</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Prints only the current topic</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Current and Subtopics</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Prints the current topic and its subtopics
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Table of Contents and Index</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Prints the help volume table of contents
and index</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Entire Volume</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Prints the contents of the help volume
including the table of contents and index</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</informaltable>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Print.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.35">
<title>Printing Configuration</title>
<para>The Print dialog box displays the name of your default printer. You
can change the default printer name by modifying the LPDEST environment variable.
You can also change the printer for a specific application by modifying the
application's application defaults file.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.36" role="Procedure">
<title>To Set the Printer Resource for an Application</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Edit your <emphasis>HomeDirectory</emphasis>/ <computeroutput>.Xdefaults</computeroutput> file by adding this resource:</para>
<programlisting><symbol role="Variable">application_name</symbol>*printer: <symbol role="Variable">name</symbol></programlisting>
<para>If you do not have an <computeroutput>.Xdefaults</computeroutput> file,
create the file in your home directory.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<sect4 id="UG.GHelp.div.37">
<title>Example</title>
<para>You want to direct all printed help topics of an application named ImageScan
to a printer named <computeroutput>laser2</computeroutput> rather than to
your default printer.</para>
<para>Add this resource to your <computeroutput>.Xdefaults</computeroutput>
file:</para>
<programlisting>ImageScan*printer: laser2
</programlisting>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.GHelp.div.38">
<title>Modifying Help Window Colors<?X-setsize 12.0 pt><indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>window colors</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>color</primary><secondary>in help windows</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>help windows</primary><secondary>color in</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>You can change the colors of the topic tree or topic display area of
a help window by setting application resources. Choosing constrasting colors
is important. This ensures that text (foreground color) will be visible against
the background color.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.GHelp.div.39" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.GHelp.mkr.22">To Change Help Window Colors for an Application</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Edit your <emphasis>HomeDirectory</emphasis>/ <computeroutput>.Xdefaults</computeroutput> file by adding these resources:</para>
<programlisting><symbol role="Variable">application_name</symbol><filename>*DtHelpDialog*DisplayArea.foreground:</filename> <symbol role="Variable">color</symbol>
<symbol role="Variable">application_name</symbol><filename>*DtHelpDialog*DisplayArea.background:</filename> <symbol role="Variable">color</symbol>
<symbol role="Variable">application_name</symbol><filename>*DtHelpDialog*TocArea.foreground:</filename> <symbol role="Variable">color</symbol>
<symbol role="Variable">application_name</symbol><filename>*DtHelpDialog*TocArea.background:</filename> <symbol role="Variable">color</symbol>
<symbol role="Variable">application_name</symbol><filename>*DtHelpQuickDialog*DisplayArea.foreground:</filename> <symbol role="Variable">color</symbol>
<symbol role="Variable">application_name</symbol><filename>*DtHelpQuickDialog*DisplayArea.background:</filename> <symbol role="Variable">color</symbol></programlisting>
<para>Substitute the name of the application whose help windows you want to
change for <emphasis>application_name</emphasis>.</para>
<para>You can ask your system administrator for a list of colors that you
can use or refer to your system documentation.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Save and close the file.</para>
<para>When you restart your application, it will use the new color values
for the topic tree and topic display area in its help windows.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<sect3 id="UG.GHelp.div.40">
<title>Example</title>
<para>These resource entries change the foreground and background colors of
the topic tree (TocArea) and topic display area (DisplayArea) for an application
named DtCardCatalog.</para>
<programlisting>DtCardCatalog*DtHelpDialog*TocArea.foreground: yellow
DtCardCatalog*DtHelpDialog*TocArea.background: blue
DtCardCatalog*DtHelpDialog*DisplayArea.foreground: yellow
DtCardCatalog*DtHelpDialog*DisplayArea.background: blue
DtCardCatalog*DtHelpQuickDialog*DisplayArea.foreground: yellow
DtCardCatalog*DtHelpQuickDialog*DisplayArea.background: blue
</programlisting>
<para>Quick help windows do not have a topic tree, so the <computeroutput>TocArea</computeroutput> resource is omitted.</para>
<para id="UG.GHelp.mkr.23"></para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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<!-- $XConsortium: ch04.sgm /main/14 1996/11/11 20:12:49 cdedoc $ -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Digital Equipment Corporation. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 International Business Machines Corp. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Novell, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 FUJITSU LIMITED. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hitachi. -->
<chapter id="UG.FrPU.div.1">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.1">Using the Front Panel</title>
<para>The Front Panel is a special desktop
window that contains a set of controls for doing common tasks.
The Front Panel moves with you as you switch workspaces.</para>
<informaltable id="UG.FrPU.itbl.1" frame="All">
<tgroup cols="1">
<colspec colname="1" colwidth="4.0 in">
<tbody>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Basic Front Panel Skills63'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.2"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'A Tour of the Front Panel68'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.3"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Customizing the Front Panel74'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.12"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Customizing Workspaces77'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.19"></para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</informaltable>
<sect1 id="UG.FrPU.div.2">
<title>Front Panel Elements</title>
<para>The two main elements of the Front Panel are the Main Panel and the
subpanels. The Main Panel includes the workspace switch.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.3">
<title>Main Panel<indexterm><primary>Main Panel</primary></indexterm></title>
<para>The Main Panel is the horizontal window at the bottom of the display.
</para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.1" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.1"></graphic>
<para>It contains a number of controls you use often, including the<indexterm>
<primary>workspace switch</primary></indexterm> workspace switch, which contains
buttons for changing to other workspaces.</para>
<para>Many of the controls in the Front Panel start applications when you
click them&mdash;for example, the File Manager and Style Manager controls.
</para>
<para><indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>drop zones</secondary>
</indexterm>Some controls are drop zones&mdash;for example, the Printer and
Trash Can controls. You can drag a file from File Manager or Application
Manager to the control.</para>
<para>Certain controls, such as the clock and busy light, are<indexterm>
<primary>indicator controls</primary></indexterm> indicators that tell you
something about the state of your system. Other controls have a dual purpose;
for example, the Calendar and Mailer controls are both indicators (showing
today's date and the arrival of new mail, respectively) and buttons for starting
applications.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.4">
<title>Subpanels<indexterm><primary>subpanels</primary></indexterm></title>
<para>If a control in the Main Panel has an arrow button on top of it, then
that control has a subpanel.</para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.2" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.2"></graphic>
<para>Subpanels always contain:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para><indexterm><primary>Install
Icon</primary><secondary>control</secondary></indexterm>An Install Icon control.
Use this control to customize the subpanel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>A labelled copy of the control in the Main Panel.
</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.5">
<title><indexterm><primary>workspace switch</primary></indexterm>The Workspace
Switch</title>
<para>The workspace switch contains the buttons you use to change from one
workspace to another. The workspace switch also contains several controls.
</para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.3" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.3"></graphic>
<para>Each workspace occupies the entire display, as though your display has
several layers. Workspaces multiply the amount of display area available
for windows.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.FrPU.div.6">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.2">Basic Front Panel Skills</title>
<para>This section covers basic skills for using Front Panel controls and
subpanels.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.7" role="Procedure">
<title>To Activate a Front Panel Control</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click or double-click the control.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>Some controls do not have a click action&mdash;for example, the Clock
control and the busy light.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.8" role="Procedure">
<title><indexterm><primary>subpanels</primary><secondary>opening and closing</secondary></indexterm>To Open a Subpanel</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>opening</primary><secondary>subpanels</secondary>
</indexterm>Controls that have subpanels have an arrow button on top of the
control.<indexterm><primary>subpanels</primary><secondary>displaying</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>subpanels</secondary></indexterm></para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the arrow button above the control.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.4" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.4"></graphic>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.9" role="Procedure">
<title>To Close a Subpanel</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>closing</primary><secondary>subpanels</secondary>
</indexterm>The subpanel closes automatically when you choose a control unless
you have moved the subpanel from its original location.</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Click the arrow control for
the subpanel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, double-click the window
button in the upper left corner of the subpanel</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.5" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.5"></graphic>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.10">
<title>Front Panel Pop-Up Menus<indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary>
<secondary>pop-up menus</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para><indexterm><primary>pop-up menus</primary><secondary>Front Panel</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>Front Panel
pop-up menus</secondary></indexterm>Each control in the Front Panel has a
pop-up menu. The menu is different for each control.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.FrPU.div.11" role="Procedure">
<title>To Display a Front Panel Pop-Up Menu</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Point to the control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press and hold down mouse button 3.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.FrPU.div.12">
<title>Contents of the Pop-Up Menus</title>
<para>The contents of the pop-up menu depend on the behavior of the control
and its location.</para>
<sect4 id="UG.FrPU.div.13">
<title>Main Panel Controls</title>
<para>If the control starts an application, the first entry in the menu is
a command that starts the application. Choosing the menu item has the same
effect as clicking the control.</para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.6" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.6"></graphic>
<para>In addition, the pop-up menu may contain these items:</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="130*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="326*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Add Subpanel</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Adds a subpanel to the control</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Delete Subpanel</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Removes the subpanel and its contents
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Help</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays On Item help for the control
</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</sect4>
<sect4 id="UG.FrPU.div.14">
<title>Switch Area</title>
<para>The switch area is the portion of the workspace switch not occupied
by other controls or workspace buttons.</para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.7" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.7"></graphic>
<para><indexterm><primary>workspace switch</primary><secondary>switch area
of</secondary></indexterm>The switch area pop-up menu contains these items:
</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="112*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="344*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Add Workspace</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Adds a workspace and creates a workspace
button in the workspace switch</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Help</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays help for the workspace switch
</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</sect4>
<sect4 id="UG.FrPU.div.15">
<title>Workspace Buttons</title>
<para>Use the workspace buttons to change workspaces. Each button has its
own menu.</para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.8" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.8"></graphic>
<para>The workspace button pop-up menu includes these items:</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="122*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="334*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Add Workspace</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Adds a workspace to your list of workspaces
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Delete</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Deletes the workspace</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>workspaces</primary>
<secondary>renaming</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>renaming</primary>
<secondary>workspaces</secondary></indexterm>Rename</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Changes the button into a text field
for editing the name</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>workspace switch</primary><secondary>help for</secondary></indexterm>Help</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays help for the workspace switch
</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</sect4>
<sect4 id="UG.FrPU.div.16">
<title>Subpanel Controls</title>
<para>The pop-up menus for subpanels include a command for making the control
the current Main Panel control.</para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.9" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.9"></graphic>
<para><indexterm><primary>pop-up menus</primary><secondary>for subpanels</secondary></indexterm>The pop-up menu for subpanel
controls includes these items:</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="134*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="322*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Copy to Main Panel<indexterm><primary>Main Panel</primary><secondary>moving subpanel control to</secondary></indexterm></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Duplicates the control in the Main
Panel, replacing the current Main Panel control</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>controls</primary>
<secondary>deleting</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>deleting</primary>
<secondary>controls from subpanels</secondary></indexterm>Delete</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Deletes the control from the subpanel
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Help</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays On Item help for the control
</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.17">
<title>Front Panel Help<indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>Front
Panel</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>help</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>You can get help on:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Individual controls</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Using and configuring the Front Panel</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect3 id="UG.FrPU.div.18" role="Procedure">
<title><indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>On Item help</secondary>
</indexterm>To Get On Item Help on a Front Panel Control</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Help from the control's pop-up menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Display the Information Manager subpanel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the On Item Help control.</para>
<para>The pointer changes shape.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the control for which you want help.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.FrPU.div.19" role="Procedure">
<title>To Get Help on Using and Configuring the Front Panel</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Display the Information Manager subpanel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Front Panel Help control.</para>
<para>This displays the Help Viewer and Front Panel help volume.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.20" role="Procedure">
<title><indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>moving</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>subpanels</primary><secondary>moving</secondary>
</indexterm>To Move the Front Panel or a Subpanel</title>
<para>Subpanels are moved like other windows&mdash;by dragging the title bar.<indexterm>
<primary>moving</primary><secondary>subpanels</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>moving</primary><secondary>Front Panel</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>The Main Panel is moved using its move handles.</para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.10" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.10"></graphic>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.21" role="Procedure">
<title><indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>minimizing</secondary>
</indexterm>To Minimize the Front Panel</title>
<para>Minimizing the Front Panel turns it into an icon.<indexterm><primary>minimizing</primary><secondary>Front Panel</secondary></indexterm></para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Front Panel's minimize button.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.11" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.11"></graphic>
<para>The Front Panel window icon is labeled with the workspace name.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.FrPU.div.22">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.3">A Tour of the Front Panel</title>
<para>This section introduces the contents of the Main Panel and the subpanels:
</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Personal Applications subpanel
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Personal Printers subpanel</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Information Manager subpanel</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<para>Your Front Panel may be customized with different or additional controls.
</para>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.23">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.4">The Main Panel<indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>contents</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Main Panel</primary><secondary>contents</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>The Main Panel is the horizontal window at the bottom of the display
</para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.12" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.12"></graphic>
<para><!--Original XRef content: 'Table&numsp;4&hyphen;1'--><xref role="CodeOrFigureOrTable"
linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.5"> describes the Main Panel controls.</para>
<table id="UG.FrPU.tbl.1" frame="All">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.5">Main Panel Controls</title>
<tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
<?PubTbl tgroup dispwid="7.43in">
<colspec colwidth="90*">
<colspec colwidth="94*">
<colspec colwidth="152*">
<colspec colwidth="147*">
<colspec colwidth="130*">
<thead>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Name</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Click Behavior</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Drop Behavior</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Indicator Behavior</literal></para></entry>
</row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.13" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.13"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Clock control</primary>
</indexterm>Clock</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Current time of day</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.14" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.14"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Calendar control</primary></indexterm>Calendar</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Starts the desktop Calendar application
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Dropping an appointment file adds
the appointment to the calendar</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Current date</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.15" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.15"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>File Manager control</primary></indexterm>File Manager</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens a File Manager view of your
home folder</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Dropping a folder opens a File Manager
view of that folder</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.16" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.16"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Text Editor control</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Personal Applications control</primary>
</indexterm>Personal Applications (Text Editor)</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Starts the desktop Text Editor application
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens the file in a new Text Editor
window</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.17" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.17"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Mailer control</primary></indexterm>Mailer</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Starts the desktop Mailer application
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens the contents of the file in
Mailer's New Message window</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Changes appearance when new mail arrives
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.18" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.18"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Lock control</primary>
</indexterm>Lock</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Locks the display and keyboard. You
must type your password to unlock the system.</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.19" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.19"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Workspace switch</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Changes workspaces</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Indicates current workspace</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.20" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.20"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Busy light</primary>
</indexterm>Busy light</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Blinks when the system is running
an action</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.21" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.21"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Printer (Default)<indexterm><primary>Printer control</primary></indexterm>
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays the status of the default
printer</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Prints the file on the printer</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Activates when file is dropped on printer
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.22" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.22"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Exit control</primary>
</indexterm>Exit</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Begins logout from the current session
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.23" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.23"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Style Manager control</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>Style Manager control</secondary></indexterm>Style Manager</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens the desktop Style Manager application
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.24" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.24"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Application Manager
control</primary></indexterm>Application Manager</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens an Application Manager window
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.25" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.25"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Information Manager<indexterm><primary>Information Manager control</primary></indexterm>
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens a Book List window displaying the available information libraries
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Dropping an Information Library icon opens a Book List window for that information library
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.26" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.26"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Trash Can control</primary></indexterm>Trash Can</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens the Trash Can window</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Moves the file to the Trash Can</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Different appearance when empty and
non-empty</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.24">
<title>Personal Applications Subpanel</title>
<para>Use the Personal Applications subpanel for applications you use frequently.
The default applications are Text Editor, Terminal, and Icon Editor.</para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.27" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.27"></graphic>
<para id="UG.FrPU.mkr.6"><!--Original XRef content: 'Table&numsp;4&hyphen;2'--><xref
role="CodeOrFigureOrTable" linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.7"> <!--Original XRef content:
''--><xref role="CodeOrFigureOrTable" linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.6"> describes the
Personal Applications subpanel controls.<?X-setsize 9.0 pt></para>
<table id="UG.FrPU.tbl.2" frame="All">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.7">Personal Applications Subpanel Controls</title>
<tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
<?PubTbl tgroup dispwid="7.54in">
<colspec colwidth="78*">
<colspec colwidth="102*">
<colspec colwidth="157*">
<colspec colwidth="165*">
<colspec colwidth="120*">
<thead>
<row><entry align="left" valign="bottom"></entry><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Name</literal></para></entry><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Click Behavior</literal></para></entry><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Drop Behavior</literal></para></entry><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Indicator Behavior</literal></para></entry></row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.28" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.28"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Install Icon</primary>
<secondary>control</secondary></indexterm>Install Icon</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Installs an icon dragged from File
Manger or Application Manager into the subpanel</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.29" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.29"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Text Editor control</primary></indexterm>Text Editor (duplicate of control in Main Panel)
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Starts the desktop Text Editor application
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens the file in a new Text Editor
window</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.30" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.30"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Terminal control</primary></indexterm>Terminal</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Starts the desktop Terminal Emulator
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.31" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.31"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Icon Editor control</primary></indexterm>Icon Editor</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Starts the desktop Icon Editor application
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens a bitmap or pixmap file in a
new Icon Editor window</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</table>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.25">
<title>Personal Printers Subpanel</title>
<para>Use the Personal Printers subpanel for printers you use frequently.
</para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.32" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.32"></graphic>
<para id="UG.FrPU.mkr.8"><!--Original XRef content: 'Table&numsp;4&hyphen;3'--><xref
role="CodeOrFigureOrTable" linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.9"> <!--Original XRef content:
''--><xref role="CodeOrFigureOrTable" linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.8"> describes the
Personal Printers subpanel controls.</para>
<table id="UG.FrPU.tbl.3" frame="All">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.9">Personal Printers Subpanel Controls</title>
<tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
<colspec colwidth="0.95in">
<colspec colwidth="1.25in">
<colspec colwidth="1.76in">
<colspec colwidth="1.75in">
<colspec colwidth="1.47in">
<thead>
<row><entry align="left" valign="bottom"></entry><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Name</literal></para></entry><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Click Behavior</literal></para></entry><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Drop Behavior</literal></para></entry><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Indicator Behavior</literal></para></entry></row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.33" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.33"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Install Icon</primary>
<secondary>control</secondary></indexterm>Install Icon</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Installs an icon dragged from File
Manger or Application Manager into the subpanel</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.34" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.34"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Printer control</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>default printer</primary><secondary>control</secondary></indexterm>Default printer (duplicate of Main Panel
control)</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Display the status of print jobs on
the default printer</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Prints the file on the default printer
or another printer of your choice</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.35" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.35"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Print Manager control</primary></indexterm>Print Manager</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Starts the desktop Print Manager</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Prints the file on the default printer
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</table>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.26">
<title>Information Manager Subpanel</title>
<para>The Information Manager subpanel enables you to access the Information
Manager, Desktop Introduction, Front Panel help volumes, the Help
Manager, and On Item help.
</para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.36" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.36"></graphic>
<para id="UG.FrPU.mkr.10"><!--Original XRef content: ''--><xref role="CodeOrFigureOrTable"
linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.10"> <!--Original XRef content: 'Table&numsp;4&hyphen;4'--><xref
role="CodeOrFigureOrTable" linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.11"> describes the Information
Manager subpanel controls.</para>
<table id="UG.FrPU.tbl.4" frame="All">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.11">Information Manager Subpanel Controls</title>
<tgroup cols="5" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
<colspec colwidth="0.95in">
<colspec colwidth="1.25in">
<colspec colwidth="1.77in">
<colspec colwidth="1.73in">
<colspec colwidth="1.35in">
<thead>
<row><entry align="left" valign="bottom"></entry><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Name</literal></para></entry><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Click Behavior</literal></para></entry><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Drop Behavior</literal></para></entry><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Indicator Behavior</literal></para></entry></row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.37" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.37"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Install Icon</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Installs an icon dragged from File
Manager or Application Manager into the subpanel</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.38" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.38"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Information Manager control</primary></indexterm>Information Manager (duplicate of Main Panel control)</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens a Book List window displaying the available information libraries
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Dropping an Information Library icon opens a Book List window for that information library
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.39" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.39"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Desktop Introduction
control</primary></indexterm>Desktop Introduction</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays the help volume &ldquo;Introducing
the Desktop&rdquo;</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.40" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.40"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary>
<secondary>Help control</secondary></indexterm>Front Panel Help</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Displays the Front Panel help volume
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.40a" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.40a"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>Help Manager control</primary></indexterm>Help Manager</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens a Help Viewer window displaying
the top level of help information</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Dropping a master volume file
(<filename>*.sdl</filename>) opens that help volume</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.41" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.41"></graphic></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><indexterm><primary>On Item Help control</primary></indexterm>On Item Help</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Provides on-item help for the Front
Panel. Click this control, then click the control for which you want help.
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>None</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</table>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.FrPU.div.27">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.12"><indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>customizing</secondary></indexterm>Customizing the Front Panel</title>
<para>There are two types of Front Panel customization:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Easy customization</para>
<para>This is customization you can do using the desktop's interface, including:
</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Adding controls to subpanels
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Interchanging Main Panel and subpanel controls
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Adding subpanels</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Adding and deleting workspaces</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Renaming workspaces</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Advanced customization</para>
<para>This is customization that requires you to create or edit a Front Panel
configuration file. For more information, see the <emphasis>Advanced User's
and System Administration Guide</emphasis>.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.28" role="Procedure">
<title><indexterm><primary>Main Panel</primary><secondary>changing controls
in</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>controls</primary><secondary>moving to Main Panel</secondary></indexterm>To Put a Subpanel Control in the
Main Panel</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Point to the subpanel control you want to put
in the Main Panel.<indexterm><primary>moving</primary><secondary>controls
to Main Panel</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Copy to Main Panel from the control's pop-up
menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.42" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.42"></graphic>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.29" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.13">To Add an Application or Other Icon to a Subpanel</title>
<para>You can add any type of File Manager or Application Manager icon to
the Front Panel. However, the most convenient use for this feature is adding
application icons.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Display the object's icon in File Manager or
Application Manager.<indexterm><primary>controls</primary><secondary>adding
with Install Icon</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>adding</primary>
<secondary>controls with Install Icon</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Display the subpanel to which the object is to
be added.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Drag the object to the Install Icon control and
drop it on the control.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<sect3 id="UG.FrPU.div.30">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.14">How Installed Icons Work</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>behavior of in Front Panel</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Install Icon</primary><secondary>behavior of icons installed with</secondary></indexterm>The behavior of controls
added to the Front Panel using the Install Icon control depend on the type
of icon that was dropped.</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="1.81in">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="4.19in">
<thead>
<row><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para>Type of Icon Installed</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para>Behavior</para></entry></row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>File</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The same behavior as the file's icon
in File Manager</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Folder</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens a File Manager view of the folder
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Application group</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Opens an Application Manager view of
the application group</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Application icon</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The same behavior as the application's
icon in File Manager or Application Manager</para></entry></row></tbody>
</tgroup></informaltable>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.31">
<title>Adding and Removing Subpanels</title>
<para>Any control in the Main Panel can have a subpanel.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.FrPU.div.32" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.15">To Add a Subpanel</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Point to a control in the Main Panel that does
not have a subpanel.<indexterm><primary>subpanels</primary><secondary>adding</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>adding</primary><secondary>subpanels</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Add Subpanel from the control's pop-up menu.
</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.FrPU.div.33" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.16">To Remove a Subpanel</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Point to the control whose subpanel you want
to remove.<indexterm><primary>subpanels</primary><secondary>deleting</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>deleting</primary><secondary>subpanels</secondary>
</indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Delete Subpanel from the control's pop-up
menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.34" role="Procedure">
<title>To Replace a Control in the Main Panel</title>
<para id="UG.FrPU.mkr.17">The easiest way to replace a control in the Main
Panel is to exchange it with a subpanel control. If the control does not
have a subpanel, you can create one temporarily or permanently.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the control you want to replace does not have
a subpanel, create one by choosing Add Subpanel from the control's pop-up
menu.<indexterm><primary>controls</primary><secondary>replacing in Main Panel</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>replacing controls in Main Panel</primary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Display the new subpanel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>If the control you want to put in the Main Panel
is not already in the subpanel, add it to the subpanel.</para>
<para>See <!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;To Add an Application or Other
Icon to a
Subpanel&xd3; on page&numsp;75'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.13">.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Copy to Main Panel from the subpanel control's
pop-up menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.35" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.18">To Remove All User Customizations</title>
<note>
<para>This procedure does not affect advanced customizations made by manually
editing Front Panel configuration files.<indexterm><primary>removing</primary>
<secondary>Front Panel customizations made with the Install Icon control</secondary>
</indexterm></para>
</note>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Open Application Manager and double-click the
Desktop_Tools application group icon.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Double-click Restore Front Panel.</para>
<para>The screen will go blank for several seconds while the Workspace Manager
is restarted.<indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>removing
customizations made through the GUI</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>The Restore Front Panel action removes all customization made using:<indexterm>
<primary>removing</primary><secondary>Front Panel customizations made through
the pop-up menus</secondary></indexterm></para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>The Install Icon control</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>The Front Panel's pop-up menus</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.FrPU.div.36">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.19">Customizing Workspaces</title>
<para>You can use the Front Panel workspace switch to rename workspaces and
change the number of workspaces.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.37" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.20">To Rename a Workspace</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Point to the workspace button of the workspace
you want to rename.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Rename from the button's pop-up menu (displayed
by presssing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).</para>
<para>The workspace button turns into a text field.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Edit the text field.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Press Return.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.38" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.21">To Add Workspaces</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Point to any area in the workspace switch and
press mouse button 3 to display the pop-up menu.<indexterm><primary>workspaces</primary><secondary>adding</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>adding</primary><secondary>workspaces</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Add Workspace from the pop-up menu.</para>
<para>The new workspace, named New, is placed at the end of the set of workspaces.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Rename the workspace (see <!--Original XRef content:
'&xd2;To Rename a Workspace'--><xref role="SectionTitle" linkend="UG.FrPU.mkr.20">
above).</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.39" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.22">To Remove Workspaces</title>
<para>If you remove a workspace that contains windows, those windows are moved
to the next workspace.<indexterm><primary>workspaces</primary><secondary>deleting</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>removing</primary><secondary>workspaces</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>deleting</primary>
<secondary>workspaces</secondary></indexterm></para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Point to the workspace button of the workspace
you want to remove.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Delete from the button's pop-up menu (displayed
by presssing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.FrPU.div.40" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.FrPU.mkr.23">To Customize the Controls in the Workspace Switch</title>
<para>This is an advanced task that requires you to create a Front Panel configuration
file. Advanced customization is covered in the <emphasis>Advanced User's
and System Administrator's Guide</emphasis>.</para>
<para>Initially, the workspace switch has these four positions.<indexterm>
<primary>controls</primary><secondary>customizing in the workspace switch &lt;$startrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>workspace switch</primary><secondary>customizing controls in &lt;$startrange></secondary></indexterm></para>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.43" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.43"></graphic>
<para>Use this procedure to replace one of these controls. (Blank is also
a control.)</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Install the application you want placed in the
switch into the Personal Applications subpanel.</para>
<para>For example, if you want to add a Display System Load control to the
switch, drag it from the Desktop_Tools application group to the Personal
Applications subpanel.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Locate the Front Panel configuration file created
automatically when you installed the control in the Personal Applications
subpanel. The definition is located in the directory
<symbol role="Variable">HomeDirectory</symbol><filename>/.dt/types/fp_dynamic</filename>.</para>
<para>For example, when Display System Load is added to the Personal Applications
subpanel, it creates the file <filename>Xload1.fp</filename>.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Move the file from the
<symbol role="Variable">HomeDirectory</symbol><filename>/.dt/types/fp_dynamic</filename> directory
to the <symbol role="Variable">HomeDirectory</symbol><filename>/.dt/types</filename> directory.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Open the file in the
<symbol role="Variable">HomeDirectory</symbol><filename>/.dt/types</filename> directory for editing.</para>
<para>Edit the lines that define the <filename>CONTAINER_TYPE</filename> and
<filename>CONTAINER_NAME</filename> to the following:</para>
<programlisting>CONTAINER_TYPE SWITCH
CONTAINER_NAME Switch
</programlisting>
</listitem><listitem><para>Edit the line that defines the position
(<filename>POSITION_HINTS</filename>).
For example, to put the control in the Blank location, set:</para>
<programlisting>POSITION_HINTS 3</programlisting>
</listitem><listitem><para>Save the configuration file.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Create another file in the
<symbol role="Variable">HomeDirectory</symbol><filename>/.dt/types</filename>
directory.</para>
<para>The file name must end with <filename>.fp</filename>. For example, you
might create a new file
<symbol role="Variable">HomeDirectory</symbol><filename>/.dt/types/DeleteBlank.fp</filename>.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Open the file for editing.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Open the file
<filename>/usr/dt/appconfig/types/</filename><symbol role="Variable">language</symbol><filename>/dtwm.fp</filename>
in another editor window.</para>
<para>This file is read-only. You will not have to write to it.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>In
<filename>/usr/dt/appconfig/types/</filename><symbol role="Variable">language</symbol><filename>/dtwm.fp</filename>,
find the definition for the switch control you are replacing.</para>
<para>For example, this is the definition for the Blank control:</para>
<programlisting>CONTROL Blank
{
TYPE blank
CONTAINER_NAME Switch
CONTAINER_TYPE SWITCH
POSITION_HINTS 3
ICON FpblnkS
HELP_TOPIC FPOnItemSwitch
HELP_VOLUME FPanel
}
</programlisting>
</listitem><listitem><para>Copy the definition for the control you are replacing
from
<filename>/usr/dt/appconfig/types/</filename><symbol role="Variable">language</symbol><filename>/dtwm.fp</filename>
to the new configuration file.
</para>
<para>For example, you would copy the definition for the Blank control to
the new file
<symbol role="Variable">HomeDirectory</symbol><filename>/.dt/types/DeleteBlank.fp</filename>.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Add the line <command>DELETE True</command> to
the end of the definition, within the curly braces:</para>
<programlisting>CONTROL Blank
{ &hellip;
HELP_VOLUME FPanel
DELETE True
}
</programlisting>
</listitem><listitem><para>Save the file.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Restart Workspace Manager from the Workspace
menu.</para>
<para><indexterm><primary>controls</primary><secondary>customizing in the
workspace switch &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>workspace switch</primary><secondary>customizin<?Pub Caret>g controls in &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm>You will see the new control in the
switch<indexterm><primary>Front Panel &lt;$endrange></primary></indexterm>.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.FrPU.igrph.44" entityref="UG.FrPU.fig.44"></graphic>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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<!-- $XConsortium: ch06.sgm /main/13 1996/11/11 20:13:11 cdedoc $ -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Digital Equipment Corporation. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 International Business Machines Corp. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Novell, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 FUJITSU LIMITED. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hitachi. -->
<chapter id="UG.UAppM.div.1">
<title id="UG.UAppM.mkr.1">Running Applications from the Desktop</title>
<para>This chapter covers several ways to run applications from the desktop.<indexterm><primary>Application Manager</primary></indexterm>
</para>
<informaltable id="UG.UAppM.itbl.1" frame="All">
<tgroup cols="1">
<colspec colname="1" colwidth="4.0 in">
<tbody>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Running Applications Using Application
Manager117'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UAppM.mkr.2"></para></entry>
</row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Running Applications Using File Manager127'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UAppM.mkr.5"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Running and Organizing Applications
Using the Front Panel128'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UAppM.mkr.6"></para></entry>
</row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Running Applications from a Terminal
Emulator Window130'--><xref role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UAppM.mkr.8"></para></entry>
</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<sect1 id="UG.UAppM.div.2">
<title id="UG.UAppM.mkr.2">Running Applications Using Application Manager</title>
<para>Application Manager is a container for the applications and other tools
available on your system. Most of the applications and tools in Application
Manager were placed there by your system administrator or are built into
the desktop.</para>
<para>Although configuring Application Manager is primarily a system administration
task, you can also make personal customizations to Application Manager.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.3" role="Procedure">
<title>To Open Application Manager</title><indexterm><primary>Application
Manager</primary><secondary>opening</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>starting</primary><secondary>Application Manager</secondary></indexterm>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para><indexterm><primary>Application
Manager</primary><secondary>Front Panel control</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>Application Manager control</secondary>
</indexterm>Click the Application Manager control in the Front Panel.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<figure>
<title>Application Manager control</title>
<graphic id="UG.UAppM.grph.1" entityref="UG.UAppM.fig.1"></graphic>
</figure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.4">
<title>Application Manager Window</title><indexterm><primary>Application
Manager</primary><secondary>window</secondary></indexterm>
<para>The Application Manager window is a special File Manager view of a special
folder on your system. It looks very much like a File Manager window, except
that the iconic and text path are not shown.</para>
<figure>
<title>Top-level folder of Application Manager</title>
<graphic id="UG.UAppM.grph.2" entityref="UG.UAppM.fig.2"></graphic>
</figure>
<para><indexterm><primary>Application Manager</primary><secondary>folders
in</secondary></indexterm>The top level of Application Manager is special
because other folders and files are never created directly in it. Instead,
folders in other locations are gathered into this location automatically
when you log in.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.UAppM.div.5">
<title>Contents of Application Manager</title><indexterm><primary>application
groups</primary></indexterm>
<para>The top level of Application Manager contains
a set of application groups.<indexterm><primary>Application
Manager</primary><secondary>application
groups</secondary></indexterm></para>
<figure>
<title>Top level of Application Manager</title>
<graphic id="UG.UAppM.grph.3" entityref="UG.UAppM.fig.3"></graphic>
</figure>
<para><indexterm><primary>application groups</primary><secondary>definition
of</secondary></indexterm>Each application group is a folder containing one
or more icons that you use to start applications.</para>
<para>An icon that starts an application is called an<indexterm><primary>action icon</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>application icon</primary>
</indexterm> <emphasis>action icon</emphasis> or <emphasis>application icon</emphasis>.</para>
<figure>
<title>Action (application) icons in the Desktop_Apps application group</title>
<graphic id="UG.UAppM.grph.4" entityref="UG.UAppM.fig.4"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>Some application groups contain other useful application files such
as sample data files, templates, and ``read me'' files.</para>
<para>The application groups in your Application Manager are either built-in
or registered by your system administrator. Application registration is
a process by which an application lets the desktop know of its presence.
</para>
<para><indexterm><primary>Application Manager</primary><secondary>built at
login</secondary></indexterm>The application groups in Application Manager
are gathered together each time you log in. The application groups may be
located on your system or on other systems throughout the network.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UAppM.div.6">
<title>Built-In Application Groups</title><indexterm><primary>application
groups</primary><secondary>built-in</secondary></indexterm>
<para>The desktop provides these built-in application groups that are containers
for various tools and utilities available on your system:</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<?PubTbl tgroup dispwid="6.13in">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="183*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="322*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><literal>Application Group</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><literal>Contents</literal></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Desktop_Apps</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Desktop applications such as File Manager,
Style Manager, and Calculator</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Desktop_Tools</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Desktop administration and operating
system tools such as Reload Application, <command>vi</command> text editor,
and Check Spelling</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Information</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Icons representing frequently used
online documentation</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>System_Admin</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Tools used by system administrators<indexterm>
<primary>application groups &lt;$endrange></primary></indexterm></para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UAppM.div.7">
<title>Application Manager Menus and Commands</title>
<para>Since Application Manager is closely related to the File Manager window,
it uses most of the same menus, commands, and other features.</para>
<para>For more information about using the Application Manager menus and dialog
boxes, see <!--Original XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;5, &xd2;Managing Files
with File Manager'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle" linkend="UG.FMgr.mkr.1">.
</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.8" role="Procedure">
<title>To Run an Application
from Application Manager</title><indexterm><primary>applications</primary><secondary>running
from Application Manager</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Application
Manager</primary><secondary>running applications from</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Open Application Manager.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Double-click the application group's icon to display
its contents.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Double-click the application's action icon.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<figure>
<title>Opening an application window from Application Manager</title>
<graphic id="UG.UAppM.grph.5" entityref="UG.UAppM.fig.5"></graphic>
</figure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.9" role="Procedure">
<title>To Get Help on an Application Icon</title><indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>on
action icon[help</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>help</primary><secondary>on
application icon</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>action icon</primary><secondary>help
on</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>application icon</primary><secondary>help
on</secondary></indexterm>
<sect3 id="UG.UAppM.div.10">
<title>Using the Icon's Pop-up Menu</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Point to the icon and press the right mouse button to
display its pop-up menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Help from the pop-up menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UAppM.div.11">
<title>Using the Help Menu</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose On Item from the Help menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the icon on which you want help.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.12" role="Procedure">
<title>To Put an ApplicationIcon in the Front Panel</title><indexterm><primary>Front
Panel</primary><secondary>adding applications
to</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>applications</primary><secondary>adding
to Front Panel</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>adding</primary><secondary>applications
to Front Panel</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Display the application's icon in Application
Manager.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Display the subpanel to which you want to add the
application.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Drag the action icon from Application Manager to
the Install Icon control in the subpanel.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<figure>
<title>Installing an application (action icon) in the Front Panel</title>
<graphic id="UG.UAppM.grph.6" entityref="UG.UAppM.fig.6"></graphic>
</figure>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.13" role="Procedure">
<title>To Put an Application Icon on the WorkspaceBackdrop</title><indexterm><primary>application
icon</primary><secondary>on workspace backdrop</secondary></indexterm>
<para>This procedure copies an application icon from Application Manager to
the workspace (backdrop). This makes the icon available when you don't have
an Application Manager window open.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Open the application group containing the application
you want to add.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Drag the application from Application Manager to
the workspace backdrop.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.14" role="Procedure">
<title>To Update Application Manager</title><indexterm><primary>Application
Manager</primary><secondary>updating</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>reloading
applications</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>applications</primary><secondary>reloading</secondary></indexterm>
<para>The contents of your Application Manager are built each time you log
in. Each time it is built, it searches certain system and network locations
for applications.</para>
<para>If your system administrator adds an application to your system or to
an application server while you are in a session, you must update your Application
Manager if you want the new application to be registered immediately.</para>
<para>There are two ways to update Application Manager:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Open the Desktop_Tools application
group and double-click Reload Applications.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, log out and back in.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.15" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.UAppM.mkr.3">To Create a Personal Application Group<indexterm><primary>application groups</primary><secondary>personal</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>personal applicationgroup</primary><secondary>creating</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>creating</primary><secondary>personal application group</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>A personal application group is an application group that you can alter,
since you have write permission to it.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>From your home folder, change to the
<filename>.dt/appmanager</filename> subfolder.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Create a new folder.</para>
<para>The folder name will become the name of the new application group.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Double-click Reload Applications in the Desktop_Apps
application group.</para>
<para>Your new application group will become registered at the top level of
Application Manager.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.16" role="Procedure">
<title>To Add Applications to a Personal Application Group</title>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Copy icons from other application
groups to the personal application group.</para>
<para>For example, you can copy (by pressing Control and dragging) the Calculator
icon from the Desktop_Tools application group to your new personal application
group.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Create an action for an application and then place
an application (action) icon in the personal application group. See <!--Original
XRef content: '&xd2;Creating Personal Actions and
Data Types&xd3; on page&numsp;126'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.UAppM.mkr.4">.<indexterm>
<primary>personal application group</primary><secondary>adding applications
to</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>adding</primary><secondary>applications to personal application group</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.17">
<title>Advanced Application Manager Concepts</title>
<para>This section describes several advanced Application Manager concepts:
</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>The relationship between file
names and icon labels</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>The folder location of Application Manager</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Creating personal actions and data types</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Where to obtain additional information about customizing
Application Manager</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect3 id="UG.UAppM.div.18">
<title>File Names in Application Manager</title><indexterm><primary>Application
Manager</primary><secondary>labels and file names</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>file
names</primary><secondary>in Application
Manager</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>labels</primary><secondary>in
Application Manager</secondary></indexterm>
<para>In File Manager and Application Manager, files and folders are represented
as icons, and these icons are usually labeled with the file name. Action
icons are sometimes an exception to this rule.<indexterm><primary>action
icon</primary><secondary>and file names</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>file names</primary><secondary>and action icons</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>For example, display the pop-up menu for the action icon in the Desktop_Tools
application group labeled Digital Clock. Notice that the file name, which
is shown at the top of the pop-up menu, is not the same as the label.</para>
<graphic id="UG.UAppM.igrph.1" entityref="UG.UAppM.fig.7"></graphic>
<para>In most cases, you do not need to know the action file name. However,
there are other situations, in addition to the pop-up menu, where you may
see the file name.</para>
<para>For example, if you use the Copy File dialog box to copy the icon (by
selecting the file and choosing Copy to from the Selected menu), the dialog
box will display the file name.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UAppM.div.19">
<title>Folder Location of Application Manager</title><indexterm><primary>Application
Manager</primary><secondary>location in file system</secondary></indexterm>
<para>Application Manager behaves very much like File Manager. This is because
Application Manager is a File Manager view of a special folder on your system
used to gather registered applications. Ordinarily, you do not need to know
the location of this special folder. However, its location may be useful
to you if you are trying to troubleshoot problems.</para>
<para>Login Manager creates the Application Manager folder each time you log
in. Its location is:</para>
<programlisting>/var/dt/appconfig/appmanager/<symbol role="Variable">special_folder_name</symbol></programlisting>
<para>where <symbol role="Variable">special_folder_name</symbol> is a name
assigned by the system that is unique for your system and login name.</para>
<caution>
<para>You should<emphasis role="Lead-in"></emphasis> <emphasis>never</emphasis> attempt
to directly modify the <symbol role="Variable">special_folder_name</symbol>
folder from a command line.</para>
</caution>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UAppM.div.20">
<title id="UG.UAppM.mkr.4">Creating Personal Actions and Data Types<indexterm>
<primary>actions</primary><secondary>creating</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>data types</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>creating</primary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>applications</primary><secondary>adding</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>adding</primary><secondary>applications</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>creating</primary><secondary>data types</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>creating</primary><secondary>actions</secondary>
</indexterm></title>
<para>The desktop provides a tool that helps you create icons for running
scripts, applications, and other commands. You may want to use this tool
if you have a personal application your system administrator has not configured
for you.</para>
<para>For example, suppose you have your own favorite spreadsheet application
that you usually start by typing a command into a terminal emulator window:
</para>
<programlisting>FavoriteSpreadSheet -file <symbol role="Variable">data_file</symbol></programlisting>
<para>You can create an icon that runs this command so that you won't have
to continue manually typing it. To do this, you must create a special desktop
``macro'' called an <symbol role="Variable">action.</symbol> You can also
create a data type for the <symbol role="Variable">data_file</symbol>s if
you like.</para>
<para>The desktop includes a tool called<indexterm><primary>Create Action</primary></indexterm> Create Action that makes it easy to create actions
and data types. To open the Create Action window, double-click the Create
Action icon in the Desktop_Tools application group.</para>
<figure>
<title>Create Action window</title>
<graphic id="UG.UAppM.grph.7" entityref="UG.UAppM.fig.8"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>To see online instructions for using the window:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Tasks from the Create Action window's
Help menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the hyperlink ``To Create an Action With
Create Action.''</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>Create Action:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Creates an action for your application
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Places an action icon in your home folder.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<para>You can move or copy that icon to other locations&mdash;for example,
to a personal application group that you've created.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UAppM.div.21">
<title>Registering Applications</title><indexterm><primary>applications</primary>
<secondary>registering</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>registering
applications</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>applications</primary><secondary>running
from File Manager</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>File
Manager</primary><secondary>running applications from</secondary></indexterm>
<para>When an application is registered in Application Manager, it has its
own application group. This application group is available to all users on
the system.</para>
<para>Registering applications is an advanced task, since it requires you
to be the root user. For instructions, see the <emphasis>Advanced User's
and System Administrator's Guide</emphasis>.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.UAppM.div.22">
<title id="UG.UAppM.mkr.5">Running Applications Using File Manager</title>
<para>If an application uses data files, it may be configured so that the
application can be started from File Manager using any of its data files.
</para>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.23" role="Procedure">
<title>To Run an Application from File Manager</title>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Double-click an application's
data file.</para>
<para>For example, double-clicking a bitmap file (a file whose name ends with
<filename>.bm</filename>) runs Icon Editor.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, select an application's
data file and choose Open from the icon's pop-up menu or from the Selected
menu.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.UAppM.div.24">
<title id="UG.UAppM.mkr.6">Running and Organizing Applications Using the Front
Panel<indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>running applications
from</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>applications</primary><secondary>running from Front Panel</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>The Personal Applications subpanel is a container for applications you
use frequently.</para>
<graphic id="UG.UAppM.igrph.2" entityref="UG.UAppM.fig.9"></graphic>
<para>Initially, it contains:</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<?PubTbl tgroup dispwid="6.10in">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="94*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="409*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Install Icon</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Drop zone for adding applications to
the subpanel.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Text Editor</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Duplicates the control in the Main
Panel. Opens the desktop Text Editor.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Terminal</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Starts the desktop terminal emulator
for entering commands manually.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Icon Editor</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Starts the desktop Icon Editor for
creating and editing bitmaps and pixmaps.</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</informaltable>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.25" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.UAppM.mkr.7">To Put an Application in the Personal Applications
Subpanel<indexterm><primary>Personal Applications subpanel</primary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>adding applications to</secondary>
</indexterm></title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Open the application group containing the application
you want to add.<indexterm><primary>applications</primary><secondary>adding
to Personal Applications subpanel</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Personal Applications subpanel</primary><secondary>adding applications to</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Display the subpanel to which you want to add the
application.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Drag the application from Application Manager to
the Install Icon control in the Personal Applications subpanel.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.UAppM.igrph.3" entityref="UG.UAppM.fig.10"></graphic>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.26" role="Procedure">
<title>To Run an Application from the Personal Applications Subpanel</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>To run the application, click its control.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>If the application icon that was installed in the subpanel is a drop
zone, the control is a drop zone too. You can run an application by dragging
a data file from File Manager to its control.<indexterm><primary>Personal
Applications subpanel</primary><secondary>running applications from</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>applications</primary><secondary>running
from Personal Applications subpanel</secondary></indexterm></para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.27" role="Procedure">
<title>To Replace the Main Panel Personal Applications Control</title>
<indexterm><primary>Personal Applications subpanel</primary>
<secondary>customizing</secondary></indexterm>
<para><indexterm><primary>Main Panel</primary><secondary>replacing Personal
Applications control in</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Personal
Applications subpanel</primary><secondary>replacing the Front Panel control
of</secondary></indexterm>Initially, the Main Panel contains the Text Editor
control. You can replace the Text Editor control with the control of your
choice.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Add the application you want in the Main Panel
to the Personal Applications subpanel.</para>
<para>See <!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;To Put an Application in the Personal
Applications Subpanel&xd3; on
page&numsp;128'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.UAppM.mkr.7">.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>In the Personal Applications subpanel, point to
the control you want in the Main Panel and choose Copy to Main Panel from
the control's pop-up menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.UAppM.div.28">
<title id="UG.UAppM.mkr.8">Running Applications from a Terminal Emulator Window<indexterm>
<primary>applications</primary><secondary>running from terminal emulator</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>terminal emulator</primary><secondary>running
applications from</secondary></indexterm></title>
<para>A terminal emulator is an application whose window provides a command
line. The command line lets you type commands into your system&mdash;for
example, operating system commands, script names, or commands that run applications.
</para>
<para>All applications have a command that users can type to start them. The
application's documentation usually describes how to use the command.</para>
<para>The desktop provides a terminal emulator called <command>dtterm</command>.
Your system may include other terminal emulators.</para>
<para>To open a terminal emulator window, click the Terminal control in the
Personal Applications subpanel.</para>
<para>For more information on using <command>dtterm</command>, see <!--Original
XRef content: 'Chapter&numsp;12, &xd2;Using Terminal'--><xref role="ChapNumAndTitle"
linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.1">.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.29" role="Procedure">
<title>To Start an Application on Your System Using a Terminal Emulator</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Type the command that starts the application
into the terminal emulator window.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>If the application has its own window, you should add an ampersand character
(&amp;) to the end of the command. This runs the application ``in the background,''
which lets you continue using the terminal emulator window while the application
is running.</para>
<para>For example, the following command runs the load meter program <command>xload</command> in the background:</para>
<programlisting>/usr/bin/X11/xload &amp;</programlisting>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UAppM.div.30" role="Procedure">
<title>To Start an Application on Another System Using a Terminal Emulator</title>
<para>There are two ways to use a command line to start an application on
another system:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Using <command>rlogin</command></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Using <command>remsh</command> or <command>rsh</command></para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect3 id="UG.UAppM.div.31">
<title>Using rlogin</title><indexterm><primary>rlogin</primary></indexterm>
<para>When you use <command>rlogin</command>, you use your terminal emulator
to log in to a different (remote) system. You then run the command to start
the application on that system.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Use the <command>rlogin</command> command to
log in to the system containing the application.</para>
<programlisting>rlogin <symbol role="Variable">remote_system_name</symbol></programlisting>
<para>For example:</para>
<programlisting>rlogin systemA</programlisting>
</listitem><listitem><para>Type the command to start the application. Use
the <filename>-display</filename> option to send the window back to your
display.</para>
<para>For example, assuming your own system's display name is
<filename>MySystem:0</filename>:</para>
<programlisting>/usr/bin/X11/xload -label systemA -display MySystem:0</programlisting>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UAppM.div.32">
<title>Using remsh or rsh<indexterm><primary>remsh</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>rsh</primary></indexterm></title>
<para>The terms <command>remsh</command> and <command>rsh</command> stand
for &ldquo;remote shell.&rdquo;
They provide a one-step way to run an application, since you do not have to
log in before running the command.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Type the command:</para>
<programlisting>remsh <symbol role="Variable">remote_system_name</symbol>-n <symbol role="Variable">command</symbol>
rsh <symbol role="Variable">remote_system_name</symbol>-n <symbol role="Variable">command</symbol>
</programlisting>
<para>The command must include the <filename>-display</filename> option to
send the window back to your display.</para>
<para>For example:</para>
<programlisting>remsh systemA -n /usr/bin/X11/xload -display MySystem:0
rsh systemA -n /usr/bin/X11/xload -display MySystem:0
</programlisting>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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<!-- $XConsortium: ch07.sgm /main/11 1996/11/11 20:13:21 cdedoc $ -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Digital Equipment Corporation. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 International Business Machines Corp. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Novell, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 FUJITSU LIMITED. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hitachi. -->
<chapter id="UG.StylM.div.1">
<title id="UG.StylM.mkr.1">Customizing the Desktop Environment</title>
<para>Style Manager can be used to customize the appearance
of the desktop.
</para>
<informaltable id="UG.StylM.itbl.1" frame="All">
<tgroup cols="1">
<colspec colname="1" colwidth="4.0 in">
<tbody>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Customizing Screen Appearance134'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.StylM.mkr.2"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Customizing System Behavior140'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.StylM.mkr.4"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Customizing Startup and Logout145'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.StylM.mkr.7"></para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</informaltable>
<sect1 id="UG.StylM.div.2" role="Procedure">
<title>To Start Style Manager</title><indexterm><primary>Style
Manager</primary><secondary>opening</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>opening</primary><secondary>Style
Manager</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>starting</primary><secondary>Style
Manager</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Style
Manager</primary><secondary>starting</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager control in the Front
Panel.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<figure>
<title>Style Manager Front Panel control</title>
<graphic id="UG.StylM.grph.1" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.1"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>The Style Manager controls and the items that they control are:</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<?PubTbl tgroup dispwid="6.08in">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="81*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="420*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Color</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Workspace colors and palettes</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Font</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Application font sizes</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Backdrop</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Workspace backdrop patterns</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Keyboard</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Key click volume and character repeat
capability</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Mouse</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Mouse button click settings, double-click
speed, pointer acceleration, and pointer movement threshold</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Audio</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Beeper volume, tone, and duration</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Screen</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Number of minutes before your screen
blanks and whether your screen is covered and locked at that time</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Window</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>How a window acquires focus, if the
window raises when it receives focus, and where window icons are placed</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Startup</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>How your session begins and ends</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Intl'</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>(Internationalization) This control appears only if
appropriate for the current locale. It allows you to select the
input method to use at the next login session, as well as the input method
style for preediting. For details, refer to the <citetitle>CDE Advanced User's
and System Administrator's Guide</citetitle>.
</para></entry>
</row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<figure>
<title>Style Manager controls</title>
<graphic id="UG.StylM.grph.2" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.2"></graphic>
</figure>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.StylM.div.3">
<title id="UG.StylM.mkr.2">Customizing Screen Appearance</title>
<para>You can change the following aspects of your screen appearance:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Workspace colors</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Workspace backdrops</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Font sizes</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="UG.StylM.div.4">
<title id="UG.StylM.mkr.3">Colors</title>
<para>You set your workspace colors through a color palette. The number of
color buttons in the palette is determined by your display type and the Number
of Colors selection.</para>
<!--Graphic ImportObject 312035 inserted from Frame page 135 in the wrong
place:-->
<graphic id="UG.StylM.igrph.1" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.3"></graphic>
<para>The default is More Colors for Applications, which keeps the number
of colors used on a high-color display to a minimum. To increase the number
of color buttons on a high-color display, select More Colors for Desktop
in the Number of Colors dialog box and restart the current session.</para>
<para>While you can't use more colors than your display allows, you can reduce
the number of colors used by the desktop by choosing a lower-valued color
usage.</para>
<para>For example, if you have a high-color display and have selected More
Colors for Desktop but you want to run a color-rich application such as a
computer- aided design (CAD) program, you should choose More Colors for Applications
or Most Colors for Applications to decrease the number of colors that the
desktop uses. The remaining colors are available for the CAD program.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.5">
<title>Color Buttons</title>
<para>Your display type and the Number of Colors selection determine the number
of color buttons that make up a palette. You will have two, four, or eight
color buttons in the Color dialog box. The different color buttons in the
palette control the colors used for different areas of the screen.</para>
<para>If you have eight color buttons, they will be used as follows (buttons
numbered from left to right, top to bottom):</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Active window borders</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Inactive window borders</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Switch for workspace 1 and every fourth additonal
workspace (workspace 5, 9, ...)</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Text and list areas</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Main window background and switch for workspace
2 and every fourth additional workspace (workspace 6, 10, ...)</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Dialog box background and menu bar and switch for
workspace 3 and every fourth additional workspace (workspace 7, 11, ...)
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Switch for workspace 4 and every fourth additional
workspace (workspace 8, 12, ...)</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Front Panel background</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>If you have four color buttons, they will be used as follows (buttons
numbered from left to right):</para>
<orderedlist><listitem>
<para>Active window borders</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Window bodies:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Inactive window borders</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Main window and dialog box backgrounds and menubar</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Front Panel background</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Workspace switches and backgrounds</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Text and list areas</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>If you have two color buttons, they will be used as follows (buttons
numbered from left to right):</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Active window borders</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Everything else</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.6" role="Procedure">
<title>To Select a Palette</title><indexterm><primary>Color dialog
box</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>selecting</primary>
<secondary>palette</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>workspaces</primary>
<secondary>changing colors of</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>color</primary><secondary>changing</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>changing</primary><secondary>colors</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>palette</primary><secondary>selecting</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Color control.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Select a palette from the Palettes list.
<graphic id="UG.StylM.igrph.2" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.4"></graphic>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Click OK.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>Workspace colors come from predefined color palettes. The Color dialog
box lists the palettes that came with your system plus any palettes you have
added.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.7" role="Procedure">
<title>To Modify an Existing Palette</title><indexterm><primary>palette</primary>
<secondary>modifying</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>customizing</primary><secondary>palette</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>customizing</primary><secondary>colors</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Color control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select a palette in the Color dialog box.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Double-click a color button to open the Modify
Color dialog box, or click a color button and then click
Modify.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Adjust the settings for the level of red, green,
blue, brightness, or hue by adjusting the corresponding slider.</para>
<para>The old and new color samples will be displayed in the upper left corner
of the Modify Color dialog box.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK in the Modify Color dialog box.<indexterm><primary>Modify dialogbox</primary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Repeat steps 2-4 to modify another color button.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK in the<indexterm><primary>Color dialog
box</primary></indexterm> Color dialog box.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.8" role="Procedure">
<title>To Grab a Color from the Workspace</title><indexterm><primary>grabbing color
from workspace</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>color</primary><secondary>grabbing
from workspace</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Color control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select a palette in the Color dialog box.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Double-click a color button to open the Modify
Color dialog box, or click a color button and then click Modify.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Grab Color to display the grab pointer.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Move the pointer to an area of color on the screen
that you want to grab.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click to make that color the new color.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<note>
<para>This causes the desktop to use one more color that applications cannot
have.</para>
</note>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.9" role="Procedure">
<title>To Create a Custom Palette</title>
<para>You can create your own palette by copying and
modifying an existing palette.<indexterm><primary>palette</primary><secondary>adding</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>adding</primary><secondary>palette</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>palette</primary><secondary>creating</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>creating</primary><secondary>custom palette</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>copying</primary><secondary>palette</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Color dialog box</primary></indexterm>
</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Color control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Add in the Color dialog box.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Type the new palette name and click OK in the Add
Palette dialog box.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Modify the palette.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK in the Color dialog box.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>Adding a palette makes a copy of the currently selected palette with
a unique name. You then create your custom palette by modifying the copy,
so the original palette is not changed.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.10" role="Procedure">
<title>To Delete a Palette</title><indexterm><primary>palette</primary><secondary>deleting</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>deleting</primary><secondary>palette</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Color control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the palette from the Palettes list.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Delete.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK in the Delete Palette dialog box.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>When you delete a palette, Style Manager prefixes the name of the palette
with a ~ and stores a copy in the <symbol role="Variable">HomeDirectory</symbol><filename>/.dt/palettes</filename> directory.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.11" role="Procedure">
<title>To Restore a Deleted Palette</title><indexterm><primary>palette</primary>
<secondary>restoring</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>restoring</primary><secondary>palette</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Open a File Manager view showing <symbol role="Variable">HomeDirectory</symbol><filename>/.dt/palettes.</filename></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>For system-supplied palettes, delete the file ~<symbol role="Variable">palette_name</symbol><filename>.dp</filename></para>
<para>For user-added palettes, rename the deleted palette from ~ <symbol role="Variable">palette_name</symbol><filename>.dp</filename> to <symbol role="Variable">palette_name</symbol><filename>.dp.</filename></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Restart Style Manager (close, then reopen).</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.12" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change the Number of Colors Used by the Desktop</title><indexterm><primary>color</primary><secondary>limiting usage of</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>changing</primary><secondary>number of colors</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Color control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Number of Colors in the Color dialog box.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select an option to set the number of colors used
by the desktop.</para>
<para>See <!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;Colors&xd3; on page&numsp;135'--><xref
role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.StylM.mkr.3">.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>You must log out and back in before the change takes effect.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.StylM.div.13">
<title>Fonts</title>
<para>The font size you select in Style Manager is used on window labels and
text. The new font size is used as applications are started. Existing windows
will not reflect the change.</para>
<graphic id="UG.StylM.igrph.3" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.6"></graphic>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.14" role="Procedure">
<title>To Select a Font Size</title><indexterm><primary>fonts</primary><secondary>selecting
new size for</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>selecting</primary><secondary>font
size</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Font dialog box</primary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Font control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select a font size.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.StylM.div.15">
<title>Backdrops</title>
<para>You can select a backdrop pattern to cover each of your workspaces (the
screen area underneath your windows). A unique backdrop for each workspace
adds variety and helps you to quickly identify the workspace you are in.
</para>
<graphic id="UG.StylM.igrph.4" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.5"></graphic>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.16" role="Procedure">
<title>To Select a Backdrop</title><indexterm><primary>workspace backdrop</primary>
<secondary>selecting</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>backdrop</primary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>selecting</primary><secondary>backdrop</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Switch to the workspace where you want the backdrop.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Backdrop control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select a backdrop.<indexterm><primary>Backdrop
dialog box</primary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.StylM.div.17">
<title id="UG.StylM.mkr.4">Customizing System Behavior</title>
<para>You can adjust the following settings for system devices:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Keyboard click volume and character
repeat</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Mouse button click settings, double-click speed,
pointer acceleration, and pointer movement threshold</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Beeper volume, tone, and duration</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Screen blanking when not in use</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Window focus, movement, and icon behavior</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="UG.StylM.div.18" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change Keyboard Behavior</title><indexterm><primary>customizing</primary>
<secondary>keyboard behavior</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>keyboard</primary><secondary>customizing
behavior</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Keyboard dialog box</primary></indexterm>
<graphic id="UG.StylM.igrph.5" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.8"></graphic>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Keyboard control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the settings you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Auto Repeat: Sets characters
to repeat when you hold down their keys</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Volume: Determines the volume of key clicks
(turned off at 0%)</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>To save the changes, click OK. To return to the
default settings, click Default.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.StylM.div.19" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change Mouse Behavior</title><indexterm><primary>customizing</primary>
<secondary>mouse behavior</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>mouse</primary><secondary>customizing behavior</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>Mouse dialog box</primary></indexterm>
<graphic id="UG.StylM.igrph.6" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.7"></graphic>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Mouse control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the settings you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Handedness: Reverses mouse buttons
1 and 3.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Button 2: Determines whether the middle mouse button
is used to extend selections (Adjust) or drag and drop objects (Transfer).
If Adjust is selected, transfer actions (drag) will require the use of mouse
button 1.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Double-Click: Determines the maximum time between
clicks of a double- click. (Test the speed by double-clicking in the mouse
picture provided.) A new double-click speed does not take effect until the
next time you log in.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Acceleration: Sets how fast the mouse pointer moves
across the display.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Threshold: The distance in pixels the pointer moves
at a slow speed before moving at the accelerated rate.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>To save the changes, click OK. To return to the
default settings, click Default.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.StylM.div.20" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change Beep Settings</title><indexterm><primary>Beep dialog box</primary>
</indexterm>
<graphic id="UG.StylM.igrph.7" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.10"></graphic>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Beep control.<indexterm>
<primary>beep, changing settings for</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>changing</primary><secondary>beep settings</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the settings you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Volume: Determines the volume
of the beep (turned off at 0%)</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Tone: Determines the pitch of the beep from 82
to 9000 Hertz</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Duration: Determines the length of the beep</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>To save the changes, click OK. To return to the
default settings, click Default.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.StylM.div.21">
<title id="UG.StylM.mkr.5">Screen without Lock Extensions</title>
<graphic id="UG.StylM.igrph.8" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.9"></graphic>
<para>You can customize the screen blanker or Front Panel lock, or return
the settings to the default. If your system supports lock on timeout, see
<!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;Screen with Lock
Extensions&xd3; on page&numsp;142'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.StylM.mkr.6">.
</para>
<para>If you have a color display, bright colors on the screen can <emphasis>burn</emphasis> into the picture tube. Setting the screen to go blank or
be covered prevents this from happening.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.22" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change Screen Blanker Settings</title><indexterm><primary>customizing</primary>
<secondary>screen saver</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>screen
saver</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Screen dialog
box</primary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Screen control.<indexterm>
<primary>screen blanker, settings for</primary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the settings you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Screen Blanker: Enables (On)
or disables (Off) the screen blanker immediately, even before you click OK.
When Screen Blanker is On the Start Blanker slider is active.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Start Blanker: Specifies the number of minutes
from the last pointer movement or keystroke before the screen is blanked.
When this value is changed, the new value goes into effect immediately, even
before you click OK.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>To save the changes, click OK. To return to the
default settings, click Default.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.23" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change Front Panel Lock Settings</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Screen control.<indexterm>
<primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>lock settings</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>changing</primary><secondary>Front Panel lock settings</secondary>
</indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the settings you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Use Backgrounds For Lock: Enables
the lock backgrounds.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Transparent Lock: Backgrounds are not used when
the screen is locked.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Backgrounds List: Displays the available backgrounds
in a multiple-select list. Select or deselect a background by clicking on
the list item. The last background selected will be displayed to the right
of the list.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Time Per Background: Specifies the number of minutes
each selected background runs before the next one starts when the screen
is being saved. The backgrounds are cycled through in the same sequence as
they appear in the list. A setting of 0 (zero) results in only the last background
(the one currently in the preview area) being used.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>To save the changes, click OK. To return to the
default settings, click Default.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.StylM.div.24">
<title id="UG.StylM.mkr.6">Screen with Lock Extensions</title>
<graphic id="UG.StylM.igrph.9" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.11"></graphic>
<para>You can customize the screen saver or screen lock, or return the settings
to the default. If your system does not support lock on timeout, see <!--Original
XRef content: '&xd2;Screen without
Lock Extensions&xd3; on page&numsp;141'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum"
linkend="UG.StylM.mkr.5">.</para>
<para>If you have a color display, bright colors on the screen can <emphasis>burn</emphasis> into the picture tube. Setting the screen to go blank or
be covered prevents this from happening.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.25" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change Screen Saver Settings</title><indexterm><primary>customizing</primary>
<secondary>screen saver</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>screen
saver, customizing</primary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Screen control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the settings you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Screen Saver: Enables (On) or
disables (Off) the screen saver immediately, even before you click OK. When
Screen Saver is On the Start Saver slider is active.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Screen Saver List: Displays the available screen
savers in a multiple-select list. Select or deselect a screen saver by clicking
on the list item. The last screen saver selected will be displayed to the
right of the list.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Start Saver: Sets the number of minutes from the
last pointer movement or keystroke before the screen saver starts. When this
value is changed, the new value goes into effect immediately, even before
you click OK.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Time per Saver: Specifies the number of minutes
each selected screen saver runs before the next one starts.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>To save the changes, click OK. To return to the
default settings, click Default.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.26" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change Screen Lock Settings</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Screen control.<indexterm>
<primary>screen lock</primary><secondary>enabling</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the settings you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Screen Lock: Enables (On) or
disables (Off) Screen Lock on a timeout. When this setting is changed, the
new setting goes into effect immediately, even before the dialog box is closed.
</para>
<para>If screen saver and screen lock are both enabled (On) and the Start
Lock value is smaller than the Start Saver value, when the screen lock times
out it replaces the contents of the screen with the currently selected screen
savers. If Start Lock is greater than Start Screen, then the automatic screen
lock simply continues the current screen saver.</para>
<para>If the screen saver is disabled (Off) and automatic screen lock is
enabled (On), when the screen lock times out the screen contents of the screen
are not covered with a screen saver.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Start Lock: Specifies the number of minutes from
the last pointer move or keystroke before the screen lock starts. When this
value is changed, the new value goes into effect immediately, even before
you click OK.<indexterm><primary>screen lock</primary><secondary>duration
before starting</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>To save the changes, click OK. To return to the
default settings, click Default.<indexterm><primary>Screen dialog box &lt;$endrange></primary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.StylM.div.27">
<title>Windows</title>
<graphic id="UG.StylM.igrph.10" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.12"></graphic>
<para>You can change the window focus policy, how active windows are displayed,
and where window icons are displayed.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.28" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change Window Behavior</title><indexterm><primary>windows</primary><secondary>policy
for activating</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>clicking</primary><secondary>to
make window active</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>pointing to
make window active</primary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Window control.<indexterm>
<primary>windows</primary><secondary>focus policy for</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the settings you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Point In Window To Make Active:
Makes a window active when the mouse pointer enters it</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click In Window To Make Active: Makes a window
active when the mouse pointer enters it and you click mouse button 1</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>To save your changes, click OK.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK when asked to Restart the Workspace Manager.
</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.29" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change How Active Windows Are Displayed</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Window control.<indexterm>
<primary>windows</primary><secondary>determining how to display active</secondary>
</indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the settings you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Raise Window When Made Active:
Select this if you want a partially concealed window to be brought to the
top when it becomes active</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Allow Primary Windows On Top: Select this if you
want the main window to be allowed to be displayed on top of secondary windows
when you click the primary window</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Show Contents During Move: Select this if you want
move the whole window during a window move instead of just moving the outline
at first</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>To save your changes, click OK.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK when asked to Restart the Workspace Manager.
</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.StylM.div.30" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change Where Window Icons Are Displayed</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Window control.<indexterm>
<primary>icons</primary><secondary>displaying in icon box</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>icons</primary><secondary>displaying on workspace</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>windows</primary><secondary>icon display policy for</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the settings you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Use Icon Box: Displays your
window icons in an icon box</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Place On Workspace: Displays your window icons
on the workspace backdrop</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>To save your changes, click OK.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK when asked to Restart the Workspace Manager.
</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.StylM.div.31">
<title id="UG.StylM.mkr.7">Customizing Startup and Logout</title>
<graphic id="UG.StylM.igrph.11" entityref="UG.StylM.fig.13"></graphic>
<para>You can change the following options for startup and logout:<indexterm>
<primary>Startup dialog box</primary></indexterm></para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Session started when you log
in</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Session to be your home session</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Logout confirmation preference</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<para>Whenever you are logged into the desktop, you are working in a <emphasis>current session</emphasis>. By default, when you log out, the desktop saves
your current session and restores it the next time you log in.<indexterm>
<primary>current session</primary><secondary>definition of</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>session</primary><secondary>current</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>You can also save a <emphasis>home session</emphasis>, a session you
want to be able to return to regardless of what you do during the current
session.<indexterm><primary>home session</primary><secondary>definition
of</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>session</primary><secondary>home</secondary></indexterm></para>
<sect2 id="UG.StylM.div.32" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change How Your Next Session Starts</title><indexterm>
<primary>changing</primary><secondary>how your next session starts</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>session</primary><secondary>changing
startup</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>startup</primary><secondary>changing
session</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Startup control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the settings you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Resume current session: Starts
your next session the way you left your last one including any setting, client,
or resource modifications<indexterm><primary>current session</primary><secondary>resuming at</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Return to Home session: Starts the session you
set as your home session<indexterm><primary>home session</primary><secondary>returning to</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<para>To define a new home session based on your current session, select Set
Home Session.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>To save your changes, click OK.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.StylM.div.33" role="Procedure">
<title>To Set a Home Session</title>
<para>When setting a home session, be sure to first select and save your desired
startup settings.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Startup control.<indexterm>
<primary>home session</primary><secondary>setting</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Set Home Session.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK in the confirmation dialog box that appears.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK in the Startup dialog box.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>If you have never set a home session, the system default session is
used when you select Return to Home session.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.StylM.div.34" role="Procedure">
<title>To Set Your Logout Confirmation Preference</title>
<indexterm><primary>changing</primary><secondary>how your next session
starts</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>logout
confirmation</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Startup dialog
box</primary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Style Manager Startup control.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select On or Off for Logout Confirmation.</para>
<para>If you set Logout Confirmation to On, you will be asked for confirmation
that you want to log out whenever you log out.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2><?Pub Caret>
</sect1>
</chapter>
<!--fickle 1.14 mif-to-docbook 1.7 01/02/96 10:57:19-->
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<!-- $XConsortium: ch09.sgm /main/12 1996/11/11 20:13:41 cdedoc $ -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Digital Equipment Corporation. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 International Business Machines Corp. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Novell, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 FUJITSU LIMITED. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hitachi. -->
<chapter id="UG.Print.div.1">
<title id="UG.Print.mkr.1">Printing</title>
<para>You can easily print files, find or cancel print jobs, and
get information about printers and print jobs through the desktop.
</para>
<informaltable id="UG.Print.itbl.1" frame="All">
<tgroup cols="1">
<colspec colname="1" colwidth="4.0 in">
<tbody>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Your Default Printer175'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.Print.mkr.2"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Printing Files176'--><xref role="JumpText"
linkend="UG.Print.mkr.4"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Printer Applications180'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.Print.mkr.8"></para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</informaltable>
<sect1 id="UG.Print.div.2">
<title id="UG.Print.mkr.2">Your Default Printer</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>default printer</primary><secondary>definition of</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>printer</primary><secondary>definition of default</secondary></indexterm>Your system may have more than
one printer that you can use for printing. One of the printers will be designated
as the <symbol role="Variable">default</symbol> printer. The default printer
is the printer that your desktop automatically uses if you submit a document
for printing and you don't specify a printer name. When you first open your
desktop, the default printer is shown in the Front Panel.</para>
<para>To find out how to display a printer other than your default printer
in the Front Panel, see <!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;To Change the Front
Panel Printer&xd3; on page&numsp;186'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.Print.mkr.9">.
</para>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.3" role="Procedure">
<title>To Determine the Default Printer</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>To find out the name of your default printer,
double-click the Default printer control in the Personal Printers subpanel
in the Front Panel.</para>
<para>This starts the Printer Jobs application. The name under the printer
icon is the name of your default printer.<indexterm><primary>default printer</primary><secondary>determining</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>printer</primary><secondary>determining the default</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.4" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.Print.mkr.3">To Change the Default Printer</title>
<indexterm><primary>default printer</primary><secondary>changing</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>printer</primary><secondary>changing the default</secondary></indexterm>
<para>To designate a different printer as the default
printer:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Go to your home folder and open the file
<filename>.dtprofile</filename>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Add or edit a line that sets a value for the LPDEST
environment variable:</para>
<programlisting>LPDEST=<symbol role="Variable">printer_device;</symbol> <command>export LPDEST</command>
</programlisting>
<para>If you are using <command>csh</command> the syntax is:
</para>
<programlisting>setenv LPDEST <symbol role="Variable">printer_device</symbol>
</programlisting>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<note>
<para>This change will take effect the next time you log out and back in again.
</para>
</note>
<para>For example, the following line would change the default printer to
the printer whose device name is <filename>laser3d</filename>.
</para>
<programlisting>LPDEST=laser3d; export LPDEST</programlisting>
<para>If you are using <command>csh</command> the syntax is:</para>
<programlisting>setenv LPDEST laser3d</programlisting>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.Print.div.5">
<title id="UG.Print.mkr.4">Printing Files</title>
<indexterm><primary>files</primary><secondary>types for printing</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>printing</primary><secondary>allowable file types</secondary></indexterm>
<para id="UG.Print.mkr.5">The desktop can print different types of files, as
listed in <!--Original XRef content: 'Table&numsp;9&hyphen;1'--><xref role="CodeOrFigureOrTable"
linkend="UG.Print.mkr.6">.</para>
<table id="UG.Print.tbl.1" frame="Topbot">
<title id="UG.Print.mkr.6">Types of Data That Can Be Printed (Initial Configuration)</title>
<tgroup cols="3" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<?PubTbl tgroup dispwid="7.13in">
<colspec colwidth="147*">
<colspec colwidth="222*">
<colspec colwidth="219*">
<thead>
<row><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Type of Data</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Data Type Requirement</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Description</literal></para></entry>
</row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Text file</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>File name ends with <computeroutput>.txt</computeroutput></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Text files containing ordinary (ASCII)
text data</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>PostScript</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>File name ends with <computeroutput>.ps,</computeroutput> or content is recognized as PostScript data</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>PostScript files</para><para>(requires
a PostScript printer)</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>PCL</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>File name ends with <computeroutput>.pcl,</computeroutput>or content is recognized as PCL data</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Printer Control Language files</para><para>(requires a PCL printer)</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Data</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Contains text data</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The default data type assigned to
all files containing ASCII data that do not match other data types</para></entry>
</row></tbody></tgroup></table>
<para>If applications are installed on your system that create other types
of files, your system administrator can add printing capabilities for them.<indexterm>
<primary>files</primary><secondary>types for printing &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>printing</primary>
<secondary>allowable file types &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm></para>
<note>
<para>Ensure that your destination printer is capable of printing PostScript<superscript>
TM</superscript> or PCL files before you try to print them.</para>
</note>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.6">
<title>Submitting a File to a Printer</title>
<para>There are many ways to submit a file to a printer:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Using the Front Panel</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Using File Manager</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Using Print Manager</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Using applications</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.7" role="Procedure">
<title>To Print Using the Front Panel</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Drag a single file or multiple files from File
Manager to the Printer control in the Front Panel or to a Printer icon in
the Personal Printers subpanel.</para>
<para>The system then displays a Print dialog
box for specifying print options. A Print dialog box appears for each file
you drag to the Printer control.</para>
<indexterm><primary>printing</primary><secondary>through the Front Panel</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>printing through</secondary></indexterm>
<graphic id="UG.Print.igrph.1" entityref="UG.Print.fig.1"></graphic>
<note>
<para>pscolor will not show on your system. It is only included as an example
of a printer that has been added to a system.</para>
</note>
</listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>Optional</emphasis>. Use the text fields
in the Print dialog box to set additional print options. (See <!--Original
XRef content: '&xd2;Setting Print Options Using the Print Dialog Box&xd3;
on
page&numsp;179'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.Print.mkr.7">.)
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK in the Print dialog box to send the job
to the printer.<indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>printing
through &lt;$endrange></secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>printing</primary><secondary>through the
Front Panel &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.8" role="Procedure">
<title>To Print Using File Manager</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Select the file in File Manager.<indexterm>
<primary>File Manager</primary><secondary>printing using</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Print from the Selected menu or the file's
pop-up menu.</para>
<para>The system displays a Print dialog box for specifying various print
options.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para><emphasis>Optional</emphasis>. Use the text fields
in the Print dialog box to set additional print options. (See <!--Original
XRef content: '&xd2;Setting Print Options Using the Print Dialog Box&xd3;
on
page&numsp;179'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.Print.mkr.7">.)
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK in the Print dialog box to send the job
to the printer.<indexterm><primary>printing</primary><secondary>using File Manager</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.9" role="Procedure">
<title>To Print Using Print Manager</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Start Print Manager from the Personal Printers
subpanel.<indexterm><primary>printing</primary><secondary>using Print Manager</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Drag a file from File Manager to a printer icon
in Print Manager.<indexterm><primary>Print Manager</primary><secondary>printing
using</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>In Print Manager, you can submit a document by dropping it on a printer
icon or into the jobs list area to the right of a printer.</para>
<note>
<para>If you submit a job to a printer that is down (flag is showing), it
may never be printed even though it appears in the jobs list.</para>
</note>
<para>The system displays a Print dialog box for specifying various print
options.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>Optional</emphasis>. Use the text fields
in the Print dialog box to set additional print options. (See <!--Original
XRef content: '&xd2;Setting Print Options Using the Print Dialog Box&xd3;
on page&numsp;179'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.Print.mkr.7">.)
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK in the Print dialog box to send the job
to the printer.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.10">
<title id="UG.Print.mkr.7">Setting Print Options Using the Print Dialog Box</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>Print dialog box &lt;$startrange></primary></indexterm>The desktop displays the Print
dialog box when you print text, PCL, PostScript, and data files (see <!--Original
XRef content: 'Table&numsp;9&hyphen;1 on page&numsp;177'--><xref role="CodeOrFigOrTabAndPNum"
linkend="UG.Print.mkr.6">).</para>
<graphic id="UG.Print.igrph.2" entityref="UG.Print.fig.2"></graphic>
<para>When application data files, such as word processor documents, are submitted
for printing, they may display their own unique Print dialog boxes.</para>
<para>The File Name field displays the name(s) of the file(s) to be printed.
The Printer Description field provides information about
the current printer selection.
</para>
<para>Use the Print dialog box to set these print options:<indexterm><primary>print options, setting</primary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>printing</primary><secondary>setting options for</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<?PubTbl tgroup dispwid="6.20in">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="161*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="350*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Printer Name</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The destination for the print job.
The text field initially displays the printer on which you dropped the data
file.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Copies</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The number of copies to print. The
default is 1.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Send Mail When Done</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Requests that an email
notification be sent when your print job completes.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Banner Page Title</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>A title to appear on the banner page.
The banner page is a sheet of paper that the printer prints before it prints
the first page of your document.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Print Command Options</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Other options that change the way printing
is done. See the next section for more details on using this field.</para></entry>
</row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<para>To use a different printer, click the More Printers... button. The Select Printer
dialog box lists the currently available printers. Select the printer you want.
The name of the selected printer appears in the Printer Name field.
</para>
<sect3 id="UG.Print.div.11">
<title>Print Command Options</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>printing</primary><secondary>issuing print commands</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>print commands, issuing</primary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>commands</primary><secondary>issuing for
printing</secondary></indexterm>You can use the Print Command Options text
field in the Print dialog box to set other print options. Type the proper <command>lp</command> command flag in the text field for the print option you want
to use. To see a list of the <command>lp</command> command flags, type <command>man</command> <command>lp</command> in a Terminal window.</para>
<para>For example, one of the <command>lp</command> flags is <filename>-m</filename>.
This flag tells the print server to send you a mail message
that tells you when it is done printing your document. To use this flag
you would type <filename>-m</filename> in the Print Command Options field
of the Print dialog box. Then when your document is done printing, you will
see a message appear in your mailbox from the printer.<indexterm><primary>Print dialog box &lt;$endrange></primary></indexterm></para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.Print.div.12">
<title id="UG.Print.mkr.8">Printer Applications</title>
<para>After you submit a document (print job) for printing, you can use the
Print Manager or Printer Jobs applications to find out about the progress
of the printing. Printer Jobs gives you information about jobs on a single
printer. Print Manager shows all the printers that are on your system.
</para>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.13">
<title>Print Manager</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>Print Manager</primary><secondary>window</secondary>
</indexterm>The Print Manager window is shown below. To find out how to modify
it, see <!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;Changing the Print Manager Display&xd3;
on
page&numsp;187'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum" linkend="UG.Print.mkr.11">.
</para>
<graphic id="UG.Print.igrph.3" entityref="UG.Print.fig.3"></graphic>
<sect3 id="UG.Print.div.14" role="Procedure">
<title>To Start Print Manager</title>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Click the Print Manager control
in the Personal Printers subpanel in the Front Panel.<indexterm><primary>Print Manager</primary><secondary>starting &lt;$startrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>starting</primary>
<secondary>Print Manager &lt;$startrange></secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<graphic id="UG.Print.igrph.4" entityref="UG.Print.fig.4"></graphic>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para><emphasis>Or,</emphasis> double-click
the Print Manager icon in the Desktop_Apps group in Application Manager<indexterm>
<primary>Print Manager</primary><secondary>starting &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>starting</primary>
<secondary>Print Manager &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm>.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.15">
<title>Printer Jobs Application</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>Printer Jobs</primary></indexterm>The Printer Jobs
application is the application you see when you open a single printer from
the Front Panel. The Printer Jobs application is a simplified version of
Print Manager that only shows a single printer instead of all the printers
on your system. The functions that are available inside Printer Jobs work
the same way as they do in Print Manager.</para>
<graphic id="UG.Print.igrph.5" entityref="UG.Print.fig.5"></graphic>
<sect3 id="UG.Print.div.16" role="Procedure">
<title>To Start the Printer Jobs Application</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Printer control in the Front Panel.<indexterm>
<primary>Printer Jobs</primary><secondary>starting</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>starting</primary><secondary>Printer Jobs</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.Print.igrph.6" entityref="UG.Print.fig.6"></graphic>
<para>The pscolor printer is only shown in the figure as an example of a printer
that has been added to a system. It will not be on your subpanel.</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.Print.div.17">
<title>Displaying Print Job Information</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>print jobs</primary><secondary>definition of</secondary>
</indexterm>Information about the jobs waiting to be printed on a printer
is displayed when you open a printer icon. A display area to the right of
the printer icon displays an icon for each of the jobs waiting to be printed
on it, and each job's position in line, job name, and owner.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.18" role="Procedure">
<title>To Open a Printer Icon</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>print jobs</primary><secondary>displaying</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>print jobs</secondary></indexterm>There are three ways to open a printer:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Click the Open [+] button to
the left of the printer icon.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select a printer, then choose Open from the Selected
menu or from the printer's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or
mouse button 3).</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Double-click the printer icon.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<note>
<para>Your job will not appear in the Print Manager or Printer Jobs window
if there are no jobs waiting to be printed when you send your job to the
printer.</para>
</note>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.19" role="Procedure">
<title>To Close a Printer Icon</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>print jobs</primary><secondary>hiding</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>hiding</primary><secondary>waiting print
jobs</secondary></indexterm>Close a printer
if you don't want to see the jobs waiting to be printed on it.</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Click the Close [-] button to
the left of the printer icon.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select a printer, then choose Close from the Selected
menu or from the printer's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or
mouse button 3).</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.20" role="Procedure">
<title>To Find a Print Job</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Find from the Printers menu.<indexterm>
<primary>print jobs</primary><secondary>finding</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>finding</primary><secondary>print jobs</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>Find is available in Print Manager but not in the Printer Jobs application.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Type the name of the print job you want to find
in the Job Name field.</para>
<para>For example, typing <command>cat</command> will find all jobs that include
the fragment &ldquo;cat&rdquo; in their name, such as &ldquo;Catchall&rdquo;
and &ldquo;catalog,&rdquo; regardless of case.</para>
<para>To find jobs with the name &ldquo;cat&rdquo; only, you would select
Exact match.</para>
<para>To find only jobs that match your capitalization, deselect Ignore case.
</para>
<note>
<para>Find only finds print jobs that list you as the owner and it searches
all printers, even those that are not currently displayed.</para>
</note>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Click Start Find.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Once you have found a job, you can go directly
to it in Print Manager or cancel it. To go to a found job, select the job
and click Goto. To cancel a found job, select it and click Cancel Print Jobs.
</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.21" role="Procedure">
<title>To Cancel a Print Job</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Select a print job in the Print Manager or Printer
Jobs window.<indexterm><primary>print jobs</primary><secondary>canceling</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>canceling</primary><secondary>print jobs</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Cancel from the Selected menu or from the
print job's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button
3).</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Yes in the confirmation dialog box.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.22">
<title>Print Job Properties</title>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Job name</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Job owner</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Job number</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Job size</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Time job submitted</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Date job submitted</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<note>
<para>The term &ldquo;not available&rdquo; may appear in some fields to
indicate that the print system is not supplying that information.</para>
</note>
<graphic id="UG.Print.igrph.7" entityref="UG.Print.fig.7"></graphic>
<sect3 id="UG.Print.div.23" role="Procedure">
<title>To Display Print Job Properties</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Select a print job.<indexterm><primary>print
jobs</primary><secondary>displaying properties of</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>displaying</primary><secondary>print job properties</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>properties</primary><secondary>of print jobs</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Properties from the Selected menu or the
print job's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button
3).</para>
<para>The properties are displayed.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.Print.div.24">
<title>Printers and the Front Panel</title>
<para>The printer shown in the Front Panel is usually your default printer.
You can change it to another printer, or add a printer to the Personal Printers
subpanel.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.25" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.Print.mkr.9">To Change the Front Panel Printer</title>
<note>
<para>This does not change your default printer assignment. To find out how
to change the default printer, see <!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;To Change
the Default Printer&xd3; on page&numsp;176'--><xref role="SecTitleAndPageNum"
linkend="UG.Print.mkr.3">.</para>
</note>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Open the Personal Printers subpanel (by clicking
the arrow above the Printer control in the Front Panel) and verify that the
icon for the printer you want to move to the Front Panel appears.<indexterm>
<primary>printer</primary><secondary>changing the Front Panel</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>changing
the printer in</secondary></indexterm></para>
<para>If the printer is not in the Personal Printers subpanel, add it by following
the steps in <!--Original XRef content: '&xd2;To Add a Printer to the Personal
Printers
Subpanel'--><xref role="SectionTitle" linkend="UG.Print.mkr.10">.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>In the subpanel, point to the printer icon you
want to add to the Front Panel and select Copy To Main Panel from the icon's
pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).</para>
<para>To verify that the printer has been changed, double-click the Printer
control in the Front Panel and check the name of the icon in the Printer
Jobs window that appears.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.26" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.Print.mkr.10">To Add a Printer to the Personal Printers Subpanel</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Open the Personal Printers subpanel (by clicking
the arrow above the Printer control in the Front Panel).</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Start Print Manager.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Drag a printer icon from the Print Manager window
to the Install Icon control in the open subpanel.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.Print.div.27">
<title id="UG.Print.mkr.11">Changing the Print Manager Display</title>
<para>This section describes how to change display parameters in Print Manager.
</para>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.28" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change How Printers and Print Jobs Are Displayed</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Set Options from the View menu.<indexterm>
<primary>printers</primary><secondary>display of in Print Manager</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>Print Manager</primary><secondary>printer
display in</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select how you want the print jobs represented:
</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Large Icon &ndash; Displays
printers and print jobs as large icons</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Small Icon &ndash; Displays printers and print
jobs as small icons</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Name Only &ndash; Displays printer and print jobs
as only text</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Details &ndash; Displays job owner, size, job number,
and the date and time each job was submitted</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Show Labels &ndash; Displays a description of each
details row to the left of the job list area<indexterm><primary>print jobs</primary><secondary>display of in Print Manager</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>Print Manager</primary><secondary>display of print jobs in</secondary>
</indexterm></para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<note>
<para>The term &ldquo;not available&rdquo; may appear in some fields to
indicate that the print server is not supplying that information</para>
</note>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Click OK.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.29" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change the Update Frequency</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Set Options from the View menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Adjust the interval gauge to specify how frequently
printers are queried for information about their print jobs. The default
is every 30 seconds.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.30" role="Procedure">
<title>To Determine Which Jobs Are Displayed</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Set Options from the View menu.<indexterm>
<primary>print jobs</primary><secondary>determining type in Print Manager
display</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Print Manager</primary>
<secondary>determining type of print jobs displayed</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select which jobs you want shown:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Only Mine &ndash; Displays just
your print jobs</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Everyone's &ndash; Displays all print jobs</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.31" role="Procedure">
<title>To Display the Print Manager Message Line</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Set Options from the View menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select Message Line to display a message line at
the bottom of the Print<indexterm><primary>Print Manager</primary><secondary>displaying message line in</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>message line in Print Manager</secondary></indexterm>
Manager window.</para>
<para>The message line shows the number of printers on your system and the
number that are currently hidden. It also presents messages telling you
when printer updates are being done.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.32" role="Procedure">
<title>To Display the Print Manager Problem Flag</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Set Options from the View menu.<indexterm>
<primary>Print Manager</primary><secondary>problem flag</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>displaying</primary><secondary>Print Manager problem flag</secondary>
</indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select Problem Flag to have a flag icon displayed
next to printers when a problem is found with one of them.</para>
<para>For more information on the problem, you can double-click the Flag icon.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.33" role="Procedure">
<title>To Determine Which Printers Are Shown</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Modify the Show List from the View menu.
</para>
<para>Printers that are visible in the Print Manager window have highlighted
names.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click a non-highlighted printer to make it visible
in the Print Manager window.</para>
<para>Click a highlighted printer to remove it from the main window. You can
also use Select All to show all the printers or Deselect All to hide all
the printers.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.Print.div.34">
<title>Printer Properties</title>
<para>The following properties can be displayed:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Icon label</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Icons</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Description</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Printer queue</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Printer queue status</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Device name</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Device status</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.35" role="Procedure">
<title>To Show a Printer's Properties</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Select a printer in the Print Manager window
or the printer in the Printer Jobs window.<indexterm><primary>printers</primary>
<secondary>displaying properties of</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>displaying</primary><secondary>printer properties</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Properties from the Selected menu or from
the printer's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button
3).</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.36" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change a Printer's Icon</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Select a printer.<indexterm><primary>printers</primary><secondary>changing icon of</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>icons</primary><secondary>changing for printer</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>changing</primary><secondary>printer icon</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Properties from the Selected menu or from
the printer's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button
3).</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Find Set.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select the new icon you wish to use.</para>
<para>If the icon you want is not visible, choose another folder from the
Icon Folders menu. This dialog box will only display icons that have a complete
set of all three sizes.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>After you have selected an icon, click OK.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK in the Properties dialog box.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.Print.div.37" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change a Printer's Icon Label</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Select a printer.<indexterm><primary>printers</primary><secondary>changing label of</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>labels</primary><secondary>changing for printer</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>changing</primary><secondary>printer label</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Properties from the Selected menu or from
the printer's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button
3).</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Type the new icon label in the Icon Label field.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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<!-- $XConsortium: ch12.sgm /main/9 1996/09/08 19:44:22 rws $ -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Digital Equipment Corporation. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 International Business Machines Corp. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Novell, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 FUJITSU LIMITED. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hitachi. -->
<chapter id="UG.UTrmE.div.1">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.1">Using Terminal</title>
<para>A terminal emulator displays a window that allows
you to enter operating system commands, use UNIX commands,
and copy and paste text.<indexterm><primary>terminal emulator</primary><secondary>definitionof</secondary></indexterm>
</para>
<informaltable id="UG.UTrmE.itbl.1" frame="All">
<tgroup cols="1">
<colspec colname="1" colwidth="4.0 in">
<tbody>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Default Desktop Terminal Emulator248'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.2"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Starting a Terminal Window248'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.3"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'To Close a Terminal Window251'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.4"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Using a Terminal Window251'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.5"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Running dtterm on Another System253'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.6"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Customizing dtterm255'--><xref role="JumpText"
linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.7"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'dtterm Global Options256'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.8"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'dtterm Terminal Options261'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.11"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Terminal Control Characters267'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.12"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Changing the Default Terminal Emulator268'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.14"></para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</informaltable>
<note>
<para>Illustrations shown in this chapter were taken from the default CDE
screens. Your screens may be different from the illustrations if you or
your system administrator have customized them.</para>
</note>
<sect1 id="UG.UTrmE.div.2">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.2">Default Desktop Terminal Emulator</title>
<para>The default terminal emulator on the desktop is <command>dtterm</command>.
The <command>dtterm</command> terminal emulator emulates that portion of
the VT220 terminal that is consistent with ANSI and ISO standards.</para>
<indexterm><primary>default terminal emulator</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>terminal emulator</primary><secondary>default</secondary></indexterm>
<para>The <command>dtterm</command> command-line prompt is a special character that
is displayed in the left margin of your terminal emulator. It can be a ``%'',
``&lt;`', ``$'', or another special character. A small box or bar, called
a <symbol role="Variable">cursor</symbol>, shows where characters will appear
in the window when you type something on the keyboard.</para>
<indexterm><primary><command>dtterm</command></primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>terminal emulator</primary></indexterm>
<graphic id="UG.UTrmE.igrph.1" entityref="UG.UTrmE.fig.1"></graphic>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.3">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.3">Starting a Terminal Window</title>
<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>starting</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>starting</primary><secondary>Terminal</secondary></indexterm>
<para>There are several ways you can start a Terminal window:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>From the Front Panel</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>From Application Manager</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>From File Manager</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>From the Window menu</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>From an existing Terminal window</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.4" role="Procedure">
<title>To Start a Terminal Window from the Front Panel</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the arrow above the Text Editor control
(or the control that appears as the second one to the left of the workspace
switches) in the Front Panel</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Terminal control in the Personal Applications
subpanel.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.UTrmE.igrph.2" entityref="UG.UTrmE.fig.2"></graphic>
<para>The default Terminal window appears.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.5" role="Procedure">
<title>To Start a Terminal Window from Application Manager</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Application Manager control on the
Front Panel.
<graphic id="UG.UTrmE.igrph.3" entityref="UG.UTrmE.fig.3"></graphic>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Double-click Desktop_Apps to open the Desktop_Apps
group.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.UTrmE.igrph.4" entityref="UG.UTrmE.fig.4"></graphic>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Double-click the Terminal icon (you may have
to scroll down to see it).</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.6" role="Procedure">
<title>To Start a Terminal Window from File Manager</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the File Manager control on the Front Panel.
<graphic id="UG.UTrmE.igrph.5" entityref="UG.UTrmE.fig.5"></graphic>
</para>
<para>The File Manager window appears.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Choose Open Terminal from the File Manager File
menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.UTrmE.igrph.6" entityref="UG.UTrmE.fig.6"></graphic>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.7" role="Procedure">
<title>To Start a Terminal Window from the Window Menu</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose New from the Window menu of an existing
Terminal window.</para>
<para>An exact replica of the Terminal window appears.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.8" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.4">To Close a Terminal Window</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Type <command>exit</command> at the command line
and press Return.</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, choose
Exit from the Terminal Window menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para><emphasis>Or</emphasis>, choose Close from the
Window menu (displayed through the button at the upper left of the window
frame).</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<note>
<para>Typing <command>exit</command> at the command line is the preferred
method of closing <command>a</command> Terminal window. The other two methods
don't terminate any background processes you may have started, which can
sometimes cause problems.</para>
</note>
<para>If you started the Terminal window from a command line, you can stop
it by pressing Control+C in the window from which you started it.<indexterm>
<primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>stopping</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>starting</primary><secondary>Terminal &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary>
<secondary>starting &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm></para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.UTrmE.div.9">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.5">Using a Terminal Window</title>
<para>The Terminal window provides a means to start other applications, enter
UNIX commands, and copy and paste text between and within windows.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.10" role="Procedure">
<title>To Start Applications in a Terminal Window</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Type the command to start the application at
the command-line prompt.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para><indexterm><primary>applications</primary><secondary>starting in Terminal
window</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>starting</primary><secondary>applications in Terminal window</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>starting applications in window</secondary></indexterm>The
general syntax for starting an application is:</para>
<programlisting><symbol role="Variable">application</symbol> [ <symbol role="Variable">options</symbol>] &amp;</programlisting>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="74*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="382*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><symbol role="Variable">application</symbol></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The application name</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><symbol role="Variable">options</symbol></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>A list of optional information to be
passed to the application</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><symbol role="Variable">&amp;</symbol></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Indicates that the application runs
in the background; that is, you can continue to use the Terminal window while
the application is also running</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<para>Refer to the man page or other documentation for each application to
find the command and options to use for that application.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.11">
<title>Example</title>
<para>To start a digital clock from the command line, type</para>
<programlisting>xclock -digital &amp;</programlisting>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.12" role="Procedure">
<title>To Enter a Command</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Type the command and press Return.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.13">
<title>Examples</title>
<indexterm><primary>entering</primary><secondary>commands in Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>commands</primary><secondary>entering in Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>entering commands in window</secondary></indexterm>
<para>To obtain a list of the files in the current directory, type:</para>
<programlisting>ls [Return]</programlisting>
<para>To obtain a list of the files in the current directory and print it
on the default printer, type:</para>
<programlisting>ls | lp [Return]</programlisting>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.14" role="Procedure">
<title>To Copy and Paste Text</title>
<indexterm><primary>pasting</primary><secondary>text in Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>copying in Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>copying</primary><secondary>text in Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Use mouse button 1 and drag over the text you
want to move.</para>
<para>The text appears highlighted.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Release mouse button 1 after all the text you want
is highlighted.</para>
<para>The highlighted text is copied to an internal clipboard where it is
kept until another copy occurs. The text is not removed from your original
source.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click mouse button 2 where you want to insert the
text.</para>
<para><indexterm><primary>text</primary><secondary>pasting in Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>A copy of the contents of the clipboard is pasted
at the location you indicated. You can make additional copies by repeating
the above steps.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.15" role="Procedure">
<title>To Resize the Window Contents</title>
<para>When you change the size of a Terminal window, applications running
in the window may not know about the resizing. Use this procedure to resize
the application's output.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>To resize the window contents, type the following
at the command-line prompt:</para>
<programlisting>eval `resize`</programlisting>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para><indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>resizing window</secondary>
</indexterm>Note that resize is enclosed within a set of single close quotation
marks rather than double quotation marks.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.UTrmE.div.16">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.6">Running dtterm on Another System</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>running on another
system &lt;$startrange></secondary>
</indexterm>You can run <command>dtterm</command> on another system through
various commands:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>The <filename>-display</filename>
option</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>The <command>rlogin</command> command</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>The <command>remsh</command> command</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.17">
<title>Using the -display Option</title>
<programlisting>-display <symbol role="Variable">host</symbol>: <symbol role="Variable">display</symbol>[.<symbol role="Variable">screen</symbol>]</programlisting>
<para>where</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="60*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="396*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><symbol role="Variable">host</symbol></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The name of a valid system on the network.
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><symbol role="Variable">display</symbol></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The number of the display on the host.
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><symbol role="Variable">screen</symbol></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><emphasis>Optional</emphasis>. The
screen within the display. The default is 0.</para></entry></row></tbody>
</tgroup></informaltable>
<para>You can find these values by typing <command>env</command>, and examining
the DISPLAY line. The terminal emulator is running on your system, but the
window shows on another system.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.18">
<title>Example</title>
<para>The following command starts a <command>dtterm</command> window on the
host computer named <command>hpcvxdm</command>:</para>
<programlisting>dtterm -display hpcvxdm:0 &amp;</programlisting>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.19">
<title>Using rlogin</title>
<para>You can use <command>rlogin</command> in an existing Terminal window
to log in to a remote host. Once the window is acting as a terminal to the
remote host, you can run applications there, redirecting the display back
to your system if you desire.</para>
<para>For example, the following command logs onto a system named <command>there</command>, runs the client <command>xload</command>, and redirects
the display back to your original system. Assume your system is named <command>here</command>.</para>
<programlisting>rlogin there
xload -display here:0</programlisting>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.20">
<title>Using remsh</title>
<para>The <command>remsh</command> command starts a shell on a remote host,
performs some client (often starting a terminal emulator on that host), and
redirects the display back to your original system if desired.</para>
<para>It has the syntax:</para>
<programlisting>remsh <symbol role="Variable">remote</symbol> -n <symbol role="Variable">client</symbol> -display <symbol role="Variable">system</symbol>: <symbol role="Variable">display</symbol>[.<symbol role="Variable">screen</symbol>]</programlisting>
<para>where:</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="2" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="145*">
<colspec align="left" colwidth="311*">
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><symbol role="Variable">remote</symbol></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The remote host name</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><symbol role="Variable">client</symbol></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The program you want to run on the
remote host</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><symbol role="Variable">system</symbol>:<symbol role="Variable">display</symbol>[. <symbol role="Variable">screen</symbol>]</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>The host and display on which the results
are to be displayed</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></informaltable>
<para>The <command>remsh</command> command is often used when customizing
a menu to access other hosts.<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>running on another system &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm></para>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.21">
<title>Example</title>
<para>The following command runs <command>xload</command> on the remote host
named <command>there</command>, and directs output back to your system, <command>here</command>.</para>
<programlisting>remsh there -n /usr/bin/X11/xload -display here:0.0 &amp;
</programlisting>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.UTrmE.div.22">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.7">Customizing dtterm</title>
<para>There are several ways in which you can customize <command>dtterm</command>:
</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Run it with special options,
such as the menu bar and scroll bar</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Run the terminal emulator on another system</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Change global options such as cursor style and
background color</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Change terminal options such as keyboard and screen
control</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.23">
<title>Displaying the Menu Bar</title>
<indexterm><primary>removing</primary><secondary>menu bar from Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>menu bar</primary><secondary>removing from Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>removing menu bar from window</secondary></indexterm>
<para>By default, <command>dtterm</command> appears with a menu bar. You can
remove it if you wish.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.24" role="Procedure">
<title>To Remove the Menu Bar</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Menu Bar from the Options menu.</para>
<para>The menu bar disappears from the <command>dtterm</command> window.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.25" role="Procedure">
<title>To Restore the Menu Bar</title>
<indexterm><primary>restoring</primary><secondary>menu bar to Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>restoring menu bar to window</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>menu bar</primary><secondary>restoring to Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click mouse button 3 anywhere within the <command>dtterm</command> window.</para>
<para>A pop-up menu appears containing items identical to those of the menu
bar.
<graphic id="UG.UTrmE.igrph.7" entityref="UG.UTrmE.fig.7"></graphic>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Choose Menu Bar from the Options menu.</para>
<para>The menu bar appears at the top of the <command>dtterm</command> window.
</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.26">
<title>Displaying the Scroll Bar</title>
<para>By default, <command>dtterm</command> appears without a scroll bar.
</para>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.27" role="Procedure">
<title>To Display the Scroll Bar</title>
<indexterm><primary>restoring</primary><secondary>scroll bar to Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>restoring scroll bar to window</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>scroll bar</primary><secondary>restoring to Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Scroll Bar from the Options menu.</para>
<para>The scroll bar appears in the <command>dtterm</command> window.<literal><indexterm>
<primary>removing</primary><secondary>scroll bar from Terminal window</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>removing scroll
bar from window</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>scroll bar</primary>
<secondary>removing from Terminal window</secondary></indexterm></literal></para>
<para>To remove the scroll bar from the window, choose Scroll Bar from the
Options menu again.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.28">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.8">dtterm Global Options</title>
<para>There are four areas that you can control from the Global Options dialog
box:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Cursor control</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Color control</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Scroll behavior</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Bell control</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para><indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>Global Options dialog box</secondary></indexterm>To display the Global Options
dialog box, choose Global from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<graphic id="UG.UTrmE.igrph.8" entityref="UG.UTrmE.fig.8"></graphic>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.29">
<title>Cursor Control</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>cursor options &lt;$startrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>cursor options in Terminal &lt;$startrange></primary></indexterm>You can control three aspects of
the <command>dtterm</command> cursor:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Cursor style</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Blinking cursor</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Blink rate</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.30" role="Procedure">
<title>To Determine Cursor Style</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Global Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Global from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Cursor Style button and choose the cursor
style option you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Box (the default)</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Underline</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>None (the cursor is invisible)</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Global Options dialog
box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>The changes you make will be visible on existing <command>dtterm</command>
windows; you don't have to start a new one.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.31" role="Procedure">
<title>To Determine Cursor Blinking</title>
<para>The <command>dtterm</command> cursor blinks by default. You can turn
off the blinking or change the blink rate (see <!--Original XRef content:
'&xd2;To Set the Cursor Blink Rate'--><xref role="SectionTitle" linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.9">).
</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Global Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Global from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Blinking Cursor button in the Cursor
Control section and choose to either have the cursor blink (Enabled) or not
blink (Disabled).</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Global Options dialog
box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>Note that when this option is set to Disabled, the Blink Rate option
and text field are both inactive and appear dimmed.<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>cursor options &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>cursor options
in Terminal &lt;$endrange></primary>
</indexterm></para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.32" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.9">To Set the Cursor Blink Rate</title>
<para>The blink rate determines how often the <command>dtterm</command> window's
cursor blinks. The default blink rate is 250 milliseconds. To change the
cursor blink rate:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Global Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Global from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>In the Blink Rate text field, type the value in
milliseconds you want.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Global Options dialog
box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>The changes you make will be visible on existing <command>dtterm</command>
windows; you don't have to start a new one.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.33" role="Procedure">
<title>To Switch Foreground and Background Colors (Color Control)</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Global Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Global from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Window Background button in the Color
Control section and choose the color display you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Normal displays the foreground
and background colors normally.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Inverse switches the foreground and background
colors.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Global Options dialog
box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.<indexterm>
<primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>color control in</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>color</primary><secondary>in Terminal window</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.34" role="Procedure">
<title>To Determine Scroll Behavior</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>scroll behavior in</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>scrolling</primary><secondary>setting in Terminal window</secondary></indexterm>Smooth scrolling displays
each line sent to the Terminal window immediately, rather than storing it
in a buffer. This results in scrolling that is more pleasing to the eye,
but is slower. The default is smooth scrolling disabled. To enable smooth
scrolling:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Global Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Global from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Smooth Scrolling button and choose the
type of scrolling you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Disabled (the default) disables
smooth scrolling.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Enabled starts smooth scrolling.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Global Options dialog
box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.35">
<title>Bell Control</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>bell options &lt;$startrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>bell options in Terminal &lt;$startrange></primary></indexterm>There are three types of Bell Control options
in <command>dtterm</command>:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Bell type</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Margin warning</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Margin distance</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.36" role="Procedure">
<title>To Set the Bell Type</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Global Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Global from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Bell Type button in the Bell Control
section and choose the type of bell you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Audible (the default) causes
the bell to make a sound.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Visible causes the bell to blink the background
color.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Global Options dialog
box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.37" role="Procedure">
<title>To Set the Margin Warning</title>
<para>The Margin Warning option is used in conjunction with the Margin Distance
option to warn the user either visually or aurally that the cursor is within
a specified distance from the right margin. To set the margin warning:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Global Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Global from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Margin Warning button in the Bell Control
section.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Enabled or Disabled.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Global Options dialog
box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>Note that the Margin Distance option (see <!--Original XRef content:
'&xd2;To Set the Margin Distance'--><xref role="SectionTitle" linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.10">)
is inactive when Margin Warning is disabled.</para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.38" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.10">To Set the Margin Distance</title>
<para>The Margin Distance option is only active when the Margin Warning option
is set to Enabled. You set the distance from the right margin of the <command>dtterm</command> window at which you want the bell to ring (or appear, if
Bell Type is set to Visible). The default value is 10 characters.</para>
<para>To change the distance:</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Global Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Global from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click inside the Margin Distance text field in
the Bell Control area and type the number of characters from the right margin
of the window at which you want the margin warning to be issued.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Global Options dialog
box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>The changes you make will be visible on existing <command>dtterm</command>
windows; you don't have to start a new one.<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>bell options &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>bell options
in Terminal &lt;$endrange></primary>
</indexterm></para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.39">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.11">dtterm Terminal Options</title>
<para>There are two areas that you can control from the Terminal Options dialog
box:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Keyboard control</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Screen control</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>To display the Terminal Options dialog box, choose
Terminal from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<graphic id="UG.UTrmE.igrph.9" entityref="UG.UTrmE.fig.9"></graphic>
<para><indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>Terminal Options dialog
box</secondary></indexterm>Changes you make through the Terminal Options dialog
box are effective on existing <command>dtterm</command> windows; you don't
have to start a new one.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.40">
<title>Keyboard Control</title>
<para>You can control four aspects of your keyboard through the Terminal Options
dialog box:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Cursor key mode</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Keypad mode</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Newline sequence</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>User function keys</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.41" role="Procedure">
<title>To Set the Cursor Key Mode</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Terminal Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Terminal from the Options menu.<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary>
<secondary>keyboard options &lt;$startrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary>
<secondary>options in Terminal &lt;$startrange></secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Cursor Key Mode button in the Keyboard
Control section and choose the mode you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>In Normal mode (the default),
the cursor keys move the cursor in the specified direction.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>In Application mode, the cursor keys generate escape
sequences that the application uses for its own purpose.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Terminal Options
dialog box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.42" role="Procedure">
<title>To Set the Keypad Mode</title>
<para>The keypad mode determines the behavior of keys on the numeric keypad.
</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Terminal Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Terminal from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Keypad Mode button in the Keyboard Control
section and choose the mode you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>In Numeric mode, when keys on
the numeric keypad are pressed, the corresponding numeral is displayed in
the <command>dtterm</command> window.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>In Application mode, keys pressed on the numeric
keypad generate escape sequences that the application uses for its own purpose.
</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Terminal Options
dialog box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.43" role="Procedure">
<title>To Determine the Newline Sequence</title>
<para>The Newline Sequence option determines how carriage returns at the ends
of lines are treated.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Terminal Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Terminal from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Newline Sequence button in the Keyboard
Control section and choose the mode you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Return Only (the default) generates
only a carriage return.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Return/Line Feed generates both a carriage return
and a line feed.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Terminal Options
dialog box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.44" role="Procedure">
<title>To Set the User Function Keys</title>
<para>The User Function Keys option either locks or unlocks (the default)
the user function keys.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Terminal Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Terminal from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the User Function Keys button in the Keyboard
Control section and choose Locked or Unlocked (the default).</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Terminal Options
dialog box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.<indexterm>
<primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>keyboard options &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>keyboard</primary>
<secondary>options in Terminal &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.45">
<title>Screen Control</title>
<para>There are three aspects of screen control in a <command>dtterm</command>
window:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>132 column switching</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>End-of-line wrapping</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Reverse end-of-line-wrapping</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.46" role="Procedure">
<title>To Set 132 Column Switching</title>
<para>This option corresponds to the following <command>dtterm</command> command-line
options and resource:</para>
<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>screencontrol options</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>screen control options in Terminal</primary></indexterm>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para><command>-132</command></para>
</listitem><listitem><para><command>+132</command></para>
</listitem><listitem><para><command>c132</command></para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Terminal Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Terminal from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the 132 Column Switching button in the Keyboard
Control section and choose the mode you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Disabled (the default) does
not change the display when an application switches to 132 columns.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Enabled automatically enlarges the <command>dtterm</command> window to display 132 columns when the application switches to
132 columns.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Terminal Options
dialog box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.47" role="Procedure">
<title>To Set End-of-Line Wrapping</title>
<para>This option determines whether text wraps at the end of a line. It corresponds
to the following <command>dtterm</command> command-line options and resource:
</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para><command>-aw</command></para>
</listitem><listitem><para><command>+aw</command></para>
</listitem><listitem><para><command>autoWrap</command></para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Terminal Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Terminal from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the End-of-Line Wrapping button in the Keyboard
Control section and choose the mode you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Enabled means characters automatically
wrap to the next line when the end-of-line is reached.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Disabled means text does not wrap.</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Terminal Options
dialog box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.UTrmE.div.48" role="Procedure">
<title>To Set Reverse End-of-Line Wrapping</title>
<para>This option determines the behavior of backspacing at the end of a line.
It corresponds to the following <command>dtterm</command> command-line options
and resource:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para><command>-rw</command></para>
</listitem><listitem><para><command>+rw</command></para>
</listitem><listitem><para><command>reverseWrap</command></para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>If the Terminal Options dialog box is not displayed,
choose Terminal from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Reverse End-of-Line Wrapping button in
the Keyboard Control section and choose the mode you want:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>Enabled means backspace characters
automatically wrap to the next higher line when the end-of-line is reached.
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Disabled (the default) means no wrapping occurs.
</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK at the bottom of the Terminal Options
dialog box or press Return to save your selection and exit the window.</para>
<para>To save your selection and retain the window, click Apply.<indexterm>
<primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>screen control options &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>screen control options in Terminal &lt;$endrange></primary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.UTrmE.div.49">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.12">Terminal Control Characters</title>
<para>Because <command>dtterm</command>
only emulates a terminal, your control characters might not be what you are
used to on a physical terminal. The <command>ttyModes</command> resource
enables you to set control characters for your terminal emulator.</para>
<indexterm><primary>special characters</primary><secondary>in Terminal</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>control characters in</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>control characters in Terminal</primary></indexterm>
<para>By default, Login Manager sets the control characters listed in <!--Original
XRef content: 'Table&numsp;12&hyphen;1'--><xref role="CodeOrFigureOrTable"
linkend="UG.UTrmE.mkr.13">.</para>
<table id="UG.UTrmE.tbl.1" frame="Topbot">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.13">Terminal Control Characters</title>
<tgroup cols="3" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec colwidth="1.55in">
<colspec colwidth="1.35in">
<colspec colwidth="3.12in">
<thead>
<row><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Control Name</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Character</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Definition</literal></para></entry>
</row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>erase</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Control+H</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Backspace erases characters</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>intr</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Control+C</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Interrupt: Cancel the current operation
andredisplay the command-line prompt.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>kill</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Control+U</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Stop an operation or application.</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>start</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Control+Q</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Accept keyboard input: Used to continue
an application that has been paused.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>stop</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Control+S</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Do not accept keyboard input: Used
to pause an application.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>swtch</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Control+@</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Switch between layers in a shell.</para></entry>
</row></tbody></tgroup></table>
<para>For example, to interrupt an operation in progress, you press Control+C.
</para>
<para>The syntax for the <command>ttyModes</command> resource is:</para>
<para><filename>ttyModes:</filename> <emphasis>Control+C name</emphasis></para>
<para>where <symbol role="Variable">name</symbol> is the control, and <emphasis>C</emphasis> is the character. (^ is another way of expressing Control.)
For example, the default value of <command>ttyModes</command> describing
the preceding list is:</para>
<programlisting>ttyModes: erase ^H intr ^C kill ^U start ^Q stop ^S swtch ^@
</programlisting>
<sect2 id="UG.UTrmE.div.50" role="Procedure">
<title>To Set Terminal Control Characters</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Use the EditResources action to update the <command>ttyModes</command> resource.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Restart Workspace Manager from the Workspace
menu.<indexterm><primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>control characters
in &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>control characters in Terminal &lt;$endrange></primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>special characters</primary><secondary>in Terminal &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.UTrmE.div.51">
<title id="UG.UTrmE.mkr.14">Changing the Default Terminal Emulator</title>
<para><indexterm><primary>terminal emulator</primary><secondary>changing the
default</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>default terminal emulator</primary><secondary>changing</secondary></indexterm>There are several other
terminal emulators you can use in addition to <command>dtterm</command>.
You can start most of them from an existing terminal emulator command line;
however, if you want to consistently use a terminal emulator other than <command>dtterm</command>, you should change the default assignment. See
the <emphasis>Advanced User's and System Administrator's Guide</emphasis>
for more information.</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>
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<!-- $XConsortium: ch13.sgm /main/9 1996/09/08 19:44:33 rws $ -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Digital Equipment Corporation. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 International Business Machines Corp. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Novell, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 FUJITSU LIMITED. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hitachi. -->
<chapter id="UG.IconE.div.1">
<title id="UG.IconE.mkr.1">Using Icon Editor</title>
<para>Icon Editor is a tool for creating both
bitmap and pixmap image files
for use as icons or backdrops.
</para>
<informaltable id="UG.IconE.itbl.1" frame="All">
<tgroup cols="1">
<colspec colname="1" colwidth="4.0 in">
<tbody>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Basic Drawing Tasks272'--><xref role="JumpText"
linkend="UG.IconE.mkr.4"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Saving Icon Files275'--><xref role="JumpText"
linkend="UG.IconE.mkr.8"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Color Usage277'--><xref role="JumpText"
linkend="UG.IconE.mkr.12"></para></entry></row>
<row rowsep="1">
<entry><para><!--Original XRef content: 'Advanced Drawing Tasks278'--><xref
role="JumpText" linkend="UG.IconE.mkr.13"></para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup>
</informaltable>
<para id="UG.IconE.mkr.2">Icon Editor enables you to create and edit images
in two formats:</para>
<table id="UG.IconE.tbl.1" frame="Topbot">
<title>Icon Formats</title>
<tgroup cols="3" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec colwidth="1.49in">
<colspec colwidth="2.86in">
<colspec colwidth="1.34in">
<thead>
<row><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Format</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Description</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>File Name</literal></para></entry>
</row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>X pixmap (XPM)</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Multicolor images that include static
and dynamic colors</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><filename>*.pm</filename></para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>X bitmap (XBM)</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Two-color images limited to a foreground
and background color (used for black and white icons)</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><filename>*.bm</filename></para></entry>
</row></tbody></tgroup></table>
<figure>
<title>Icon Editor main window</title>
<graphic id="UG.IconE.grph.1" entityref="UG.IconE.fig.1"></graphic>
</figure>
<para>You create images by selecting drawing tools and colors, and using them
in the work area. As you draw, Icon Editor displays an actual-size copy of
your icon in both formats. You need to consider the two-color version of
the icon even if you are drawing an image for use on color systems, because
icons may revert to two colors if there are not enough free colors available
on the workspace.</para>
<para>For information on designing icons, read the Visual Design chapter in
the <emphasis>Style Guide and Checklist</emphasis>.</para>
<sect1 id="UG.IconE.div.2" role="Procedure">
<title id="UG.IconE.mkr.3">To Start Icon Editor</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Open the Personal Applications subpanel and click
the Icon Editor control.<indexterm><primary>starting</primary><secondary>Icon Editor</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Icon Editor</primary>
<secondary>starting</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<graphic id="UG.IconE.igrph.1" entityref="UG.IconE.fig.2"></graphic>
<para>Icon Editor starts with an empty drawing work area.<indexterm><primary>Icon Editor</primary><secondary>control</secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>Front Panel</primary><secondary>Icon Editor control</secondary></indexterm></para>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.3">
<title>Other Ways to Start Icon Editor</title>
<para>You can also start Icon Editor and have it load an icon into the work
area in one of the following ways:<indexterm><primary>opening</primary>
<secondary>icon</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Icon Editor</primary>
<secondary>opening icon for editing</secondary></indexterm></para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>In a File Manager view, locate
the icon file and double-click on it to open it. (The default action for
pixmap and bitmap files runs Icon Editor and loads the file.)<indexterm>
<primary>Icon Editor</primary><secondary>starting from File Manager</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>File Manager</primary><secondary>starting
Icon Editor from</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Drop an icon file on the Icon Editor control in
the Personal Applications subpanel.<indexterm><primary>dropping</primary>
<secondary>icon file</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the Application Manager control in the Front
Panel, then open Desktop_Apps and double-click on Icon Editor.<indexterm>
<primary>Icon Editor</primary><secondary>starting from Application Manager</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>Application Manager</primary>
<secondary>starting Icon Editor from</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Type the following command in a Terminal window:<indexterm>
<primary>Terminal</primary><secondary>starting Icon Editor from</secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>Icon Editor</primary><secondary>starting
from Terminal</secondary></indexterm></para>
<programlisting>dticon -f <symbol role="Variable">filename</symbol> &amp;</programlisting>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.IconE.div.4">
<title id="UG.IconE.mkr.4">Basic Drawing Tasks</title>
<para>This section describes how to create and edit an icon and how to use
the Icon Editor drawing tools.</para>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.5" role="Procedure">
<title>To Open an Existing Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>opening existing</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Open from the File menu.</para>
<para>If you have unsaved changes, Icon Editor warns you that your changes
will be lost by loading another icon. Click Cancel to cancel the Open command.
Click OK if you don't want to save your changes.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Type the name of the file you want to load in the
Enter file name field, or select the icon file you want to load from the
Files section of the Open File dialog box.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Open.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<note>
<para>When you load a file, the Output Format (in the Options menu) is automatically
set to the format of the file you load.</para>
</note>
<para>You can also open an existing icon by double-clicking the icon file
in File Manager.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.6" role="Procedure">
<title>To Start a New Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>Icon Editor</primary><secondary>starting a new icon</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>starting</primary><secondary>new icon</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose New from the File menu.</para>
<para>If you have unsaved changes, Icon Editor warns you that your changes
will be lost by starting a new icon. Click Cancel to cancel the New command
or click OK if you don't want to save your changes.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>Icon Editor clears the work area and resizes it to the default size
(32x32).</para>
<para>If you have an icon already loaded, you can choose Clear Icon from the
Edit menu to start a new icon with the same size and name as the previously
loaded icon.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.7" role="Procedure">
<title>To Clear an Icon</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Save your current icon, if necessary.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Clear Icon from the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>The entire icon drawing work area is cleared.<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>clearing loaded</secondary></indexterm></para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.8" role="Procedure">
<title>To Draw an Image</title>
<indexterm><primary>drawing icon image</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>drawing image</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Select one of the drawing tools (listed in <!--Original
XRef content: 'Table&numsp;13&hyphen;2 on page&numsp;274'--><xref role="CodeOrFigOrTabAndPNum"
linkend="UG.IconE.mkr.6">).</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Select a color (static color, static gray, or a
dynamic color).</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Begin drawing with the tool you've selected.</para>
<para>More details on drawing with each tool are provided below.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.9">
<title>Drawing Tools</title>
<para>The drawing tools area of Icon Editor is shown in <!--Original XRef
content: 'Figure&numsp;13&hyphen;2'--><xref role="CodeOrFigureOrTable" linkend="UG.IconE.mkr.5">.<indexterm>
<primary>Icon Editor</primary><secondary>drawing tools &lt;$startrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>drawing tools
for Icon Editor &lt;$startrange></primary></indexterm></para>
<figure>
<title id="UG.IconE.mkr.5">Icon Editor drawing tools</title>
<graphic id="UG.IconE.grph.2" entityref="UG.IconE.fig.3"></graphic>
</figure>
<variablelist role="LabList">
<varlistentry><term></term>
<listitem>
<para><?X-setsize 9.0 pt></para>
<table id="UG.IconE.tbl.2" frame="Topbot">
<title id="UG.IconE.mkr.6">Using the Drawing Tools</title>
<tgroup cols="3" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<colspec colwidth="1.42in">
<colspec colwidth="1.82in">
<colspec colwidth="2.90in">
<thead>
<row><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Tool</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Purpose</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Action</literal></para></entry>
</row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Pencil</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>For drawing freehand lines and individual
pixels.</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Press and hold to draw freehand lines.
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Line</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>For drawing straight lines.</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Press and hold to stretch the line.
Release to draw the line.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Rectangle</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>For drawing solid or outlined rectangles.
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Press and hold to stretch the outline
of the rectangle. Release to draw the rectangle.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Circle</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>For drawing solid or outlined circles.
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Point to where you want the center
of the circle, press and hold, drag to the desired size, and release.
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Eraser</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>For erasing large areas of the image.
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Press and hold; then drag over the
area to erase.</para><para>To erase individual pixels, select the Pencil
tool and the Transparent color.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Flood</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>For flooding a region of one color
with the selected color.</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Click any pixel within the region to
be flooded. The selected pixel and all adjacent pixels of the same color
are recolored with the selected color. The filled region extends in all
directions, bounded only by pixels of a different color.</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Open Polygon</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>For drawing connected straight lines.
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Click the starting point; then click
for each segment.</para><para>Double-click to end the last segment.</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Closed Polygon</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>For drawing connected straight lines,
where the first line and last line are connected to form a closed polygon.
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Click the starting point; then click
for each segment.</para><para>Double-click to end the last segment.</para></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Ellipse</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>For drawing solid or outlined ovals.
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Press and hold, drag to the desired
size and shape, and release.</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Selection</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>For selecting an area to work on.
Several commands in the Edit menu require an area to be selected.</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Point to the corner pixel of the region
to be selected, press and hold, drag to the desired region, and release.
</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Fill Solids</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>For changing the rectangle, circle,
ellipse, and closed polygon tools to draw filled in shapes instead of outlines.<indexterm><primary>Icon Editor</primary><secondary>drawing tools</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>drawing tools for Icon Editor</primary></indexterm>
</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>Select the check box to automatically
draw filled-in shapes. Deselect the check box to return the tools to drawing
outlines.</para></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table>
<para id="UG.IconE.mkr.7"></para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.10" role="Procedure">
<title>To Undo a Drawing Operation</title>
<indexterm><primary>drawing icon image</primary><secondary>undo</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Undo from the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>Only the single, most recent change can be undone.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.IconE.div.11">
<title id="UG.IconE.mkr.8">Saving Icon Files</title>
<para id="UG.IconE.mkr.9">When saving icon files, you must use the appropriate
file-name suffix. There are two suffixes appended to the base name of the
icon, one for size and one for format. Many icon names are in these general
forms:<indexterm><primary>names</primary><secondary>for icon files &lt;$startrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm>
<primary>icons</primary><secondary>naming &lt;$startrange></secondary></indexterm></para>
<programlisting>basename.size.format
basename.format</programlisting>
<para>The <symbol role="Variable">basename</symbol> is the image name used
to reference the image.</para>
<para><symbol role="Variable">size</symbol> is a single letter indicating
the standard size of the icon: <command>l</command> for large (48x48 pixels), <command>m</command> for medium (32x32), <command>s</command> for small (24x24), or <command>t</command> for tiny (16x16). ( <!--Original XRef content: 'See
&xd2;Icon Size Conventions&xd3; on page&numsp;276.'--><xref role="SeeHeadingAndPage"
linkend="UG.IconE.mkr.10">) If your icon is not a standard size, you can
omit this letter.</para>
<para><symbol role="Variable">format</symbol> is <command>pm</command> for
X pixmaps (the color icon format) or <command>bm</command> for X bitmaps (the
monochrome icon format).</para>
<para>If you save an icon in XBM format that has transparent color in it,
an icon mask file is also saved. The icon mask file is named
<symbol role="Variable">basename.size</symbol><filename>_m</filename><symbol role="Variable">.format</symbol>.
If you move the icon you saved to another folder, you must also
move the mask file.</para>
<para>For example, suppose you specify an icon named <command>mail</command>
for a file type you've written. If you have a color display and have set
the File Manager preferences to use tiny icons, the assumed icon name is
<filename>mail.t.pm</filename>. If it had transparent color and you saved it in XBM
format, two files would be created: <command>mail.t.bm</command> and
<filename>mail.t_m.bm</filename>.<indexterm><primary>names</primary><secondary>for
icon files &lt;$endrange></secondary>
</indexterm><indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>naming &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm></para>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.12">
<title id="UG.IconE.mkr.10">Icon Size Conventions</title>
<para><!--Original
XRef content: 'Table&numsp;13&hyphen;3'--><xref role="TableNumber" linkend="UG.IconE.mkr.11">
lists the recommended sizes&mdash;in pixels, width x height&mdash;for creating
new icons for use in CDE. Icons can be up to 256x256.</para>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>size conventions for</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>sizes of icons</primary></indexterm>
<table id="UG.IconE.tbl.3">
<title id="UG.IconE.mkr.11">Icon Size Recommendations</title>
<tgroup cols="4" colsep="0" rowsep="0">
<?PubTbl tgroup dispwid="5.78in">
<colspec colwidth="259*">
<colspec colwidth="69*">
<colspec colwidth="79*">
<colspec colwidth="69*">
<thead>
<row><entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Resolution</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>High</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Medium</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="bottom"><para><literal>Low</literal></para></entry>
</row></thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><literal>File Manager (Large)</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><literal>File Manager (Small)</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>16x16</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>16x16</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>16x16</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><literal>Application Manager (Large)</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><literal>Application Manager (Small)</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>16x16</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>16x16</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>16x16</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><literal>Front Panel</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>48x48</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>48x48</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><literal>Front Panel subpanels</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>16x16</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><literal>Minimized windows</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>48x48</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>48x48</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry></row>
<row>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para><literal>Workspace</literal></para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry>
<entry align="left" valign="top"><para>32x32</para></entry></row></tbody>
</tgroup></table>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.13" role="Procedure">
<title>To Save the Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>Icon Editor</primary><secondary>saving icon</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>saving</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>saving</primary><secondary>icons</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose an output format from the Options menu:<indexterm>
<primary>icons</primary><secondary>output format</secondary></indexterm></para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet2"><listitem><para>XBM for two-color X bitmap format
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>XPM for multicolor X pixmap format (the default)
</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Save from the File menu.</para>
<para>If the icon is unnamed or you choose Save As, Icon Editor prompts you
for a file name. Type the name and then click Save.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<note>
<para>If you save an icon in XBM format that has transparent color in it,
an icon mask file is also saved. The icon mask file is named
<symbol role="Variable">basename.size</symbol><filename>_m</filename><symbol role="Variable">.format</symbol>.
If you move the icon you saved to another folder, you must also
move the mask file.</para>
</note>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.14" role="Procedure">
<title>To Save the Icon with a New Name</title>
<indexterm><primary>Icon Editor</primary><secondary>saving icon with new name</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>saving with new name</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>saving</primary><secondary>icons with new name</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Save As from the File menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Type (or select) the file name under which you
want to save the icon file.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click Save.</para>
<para>If the file already exists, you will need to click OK in the warning
dialog box to overwrite the existing file.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.IconE.div.15">
<title id="UG.IconE.mkr.12">Color Usage</title>
<para>Icons in the desktop use a palette of 22 colors:</para>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>color usage for</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>color</primary><secondary>for icons</secondary></indexterm>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Eight static grays</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Eight static colors: red, blue, green, cyan, magenta,
yellow, black, and white</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Five dynamic colors: Foreground, Background, TopShadow,
BottomShadow, and Select</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>A transparent &ldquo;color&rdquo; that allows
the background to show through</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<para>These colors are the default colors in Icon Editor. This set of colors
provides a reasonable palette with which to create icons. This limited palette
was chosen to maximize the attractiveness and readability of icons without
using an unnecessary number of colors.</para>
<para>The dynamic colors represent the colors used to display the application
on which your icon will appear. If your icon appears in File Manager, File
Manager determines what the background color is. Dynamic colors are useful
for icons that you want to change color as different color palettes are selected
in Style Manager. Dynamic colors are also useful if the icon will be used
in more than one place and you want it to use the colors of the application
where it appears.<indexterm><primary>dynamic colors for icons</primary>
</indexterm></para>
<para>TopShadow and BottomShadow can be used for drawing a shadow under your
icon. You can use these colors to make the icon appear to be etched into
the surface. This is only recommended for Front Panel style icons.<indexterm>
<primary>TopShadow</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>BottomShadow</primary></indexterm></para>
<para>The transparent color is useful for creating icons that have the illusion
of being nonrectangular, since it allows the color behind the icon to show
through. If your icon does not fill the entire bounding box, you should fill
the unused area with the transparent color.<indexterm><primary>icons</primary>
<secondary>color usage for &lt;$endrange></secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>color</primary><secondary>for icons &lt;$endrange></secondary>
</indexterm></para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="UG.IconE.div.16">
<title id="UG.IconE.mkr.13">Advanced Drawing Tasks</title>
<para>After you become familiar with the basic drawing facilities in Icon
Editor, you may want to try some more advanced operations. Many of these
operations require you to first <symbol role="Variable">select</symbol> an
area of the icon. This is done using the Selection tool (next to the eraser).
</para>
<para>When an area of the icon is selected, you can:</para>
<itemizedlist remap="Bullet1"><listitem><para>Cut, copy or move it</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Resize (scale) it</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Flip it (horizontally or vertically)</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Rotate it (right or left)</para>
</listitem></itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.17" role="Procedure">
<title>To Select an Area of the Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>selecting</primary><secondary>an area of an icon</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>selecting an area of</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Click the Selection tool (next to the eraser).
</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Drag a box around the area you want to select.
</para>
<para>When an area is selected, a box flashes around the selected area.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.18" role="Procedure">
<title>To Cut a Region of the Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>cutting a region of an icon</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>cutting a region of</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Select the area of the icon you want to cut using
the Selection tool.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Cut from the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>When you cut a portion of an icon, the exposed area becomes <emphasis>transparent</emphasis> (that is, filled in with the Transparent color).
</para>
<para>Note that after cutting a region, you can paste it back into the icon
by choosing Paste from the Edit menu.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.19" role="Procedure">
<title>To Copy a Region of the Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>copying</primary><secondary>a region of an icon</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>copying a region of</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Select the area of the icon you want to copy
using the Selection tool.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Copy from the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Paste from the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Position the outline where you want to paste the
copy, and then click.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>You may repeat steps 3 and 4 as many times as you like to paste multiple
copies of the region you copied.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.20" role="Procedure">
<title>To Move a Region of the Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>moving</primary><secondary>a region of an icon</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>moving a region of</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Select the area of the icon you want to move
using the Selection tool.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Cut from the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Paste from the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Position the outline where you want to paste the
copy, and then click.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<para>You may repeat steps 3 and 4 as many times as you like to paste multiple
copies of the region you cut.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.21" role="Procedure">
<title>To Rotate Part of the Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>rotating part of an icon</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>rotating part of</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Select the area of the icon you want to rotate
using the Selection tool.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Rotate then Left or Rotate then Right from
the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Position the outline where you want to paste the
rotated area, and then click.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.22" role="Procedure">
<title>To Flip (Mirror) Part of the Icon</title>
<para>Flipping an area creates a pixel-for-pixel mirror image of the selected
area.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para><indexterm><primary>flipping part of an icon</primary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>flipping
part of</secondary></indexterm>Select the area of the icon you want to flip
using the Selection tool.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Flip then Vertical or Flip then Horizontal
from the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.23">
<title>Resizing Icons</title>
<para>You can resize the entire icon or a region of the icon.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.IconE.div.24" role="Procedure">
<title>To Resize the Current Icon</title>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Resize Icon from the Edit menu.</para>
<para>Icon Editor displays a dialog box that prompts for the new size.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Edit the current width and height to specify the
new size.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click OK.<indexterm><primary>resizing</primary>
<secondary>icons</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>icons</primary>
<secondary>resizing</secondary></indexterm></para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<note>
<para>If you make the icon smaller, the right and bottom edges are clipped
off. If you make the icon larger, the existing image remains in the upper
left of the icon.</para>
</note>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.IconE.div.25" role="Procedure">
<title>To Resize (Scale) a Region of the Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>resizing</primary><secondary>a region of an icon</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>resizing a region of</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Select the area of the icon you want to resize
using the Selection tool.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Scale from the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Drag a box that defines the size and shape that
you want the scaled image to be.</para>
<para>The size of the box is shown in the upper right area. <emphasis>This
determines how the selected portion of the image will be scaled; it does</emphasis> <symbol role="Variable">not</symbol> <emphasis>determine where
to place the results</emphasis>.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Position the outline where you want to paste the
scaled copy, and then click.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.26">
<title>Hotspots</title>
<para>Bitmap images (XBM format) can be used as special mouse pointer shapes.
A hotspot marks a single pixel within the image that is the true <symbol role="Variable">point</symbol> of the mouse pointer.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.IconE.div.27" role="Procedure">
<title>To Add a Hotspot</title>
<indexterm><primary>hotspot in an icon</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>hotspot</secondary></indexterm>
<para>You can only have one hotspot in an icon.</para>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Add Hotspot from the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Click the pixel where you want the hotspot.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="UG.IconE.div.28" role="Procedure">
<title>To Delete a Hotspot</title>
<indexterm><primary>hotspot in an icon</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>hotspot</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Delete Hotspot from the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.29">
<title>Screen Captures</title>
<para>You can copy any area from any part of the screen into the Icon Editor.
You can copy (&ldquo;grab&rdquo;) a text or graphic that is displayed
and load it into the Icon Editor work area.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.IconE.div.30" role="Procedure">
<title>To Capture (Grab) a Region of the Display</title>
<indexterm><primary>capturing region of display</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>grabbing</primary><secondary>region of display</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>display</primary><secondary>capturing region of</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Save your current icon, if necessary.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose Grab Screen Image from the Edit menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Drag a box around the portion of the workspace
you want to capture (press mouse button 1, drag, and release).</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
<note>
<para>Capturing a region of the display could cause the icon to use up some
of the available colors on the desktop.</para>
</note>
</sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="UG.IconE.div.31">
<title>Modifying the View of an Icon</title>
<para>You can change the view of an icon in the Icon Editor work area by changing
the magnification or using a grid.</para>
<sect3 id="UG.IconE.div.32" role="Procedure">
<title>To Hide the Grid</title>
<indexterm><primary>grid</primary><secondary>in Icon Editor</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Icon Editor</primary><secondary>hiding grid in</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>hiding</primary><secondary>Icon Editor grid</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>grabbing</primary><secondary>region of display</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>display</primary><secondary>capturing region of</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Visible Grid from the Options menu.</para>
<para>This will hide the grid. Choose Visible Grid from the Options menu
again to display the grid. The grid is displayed by default.</para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="ug.icone.div.33" role="Procedure">
<title>To Change the Magnification of an Icon</title>
<indexterm><primary>capturing region of display</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>grabbing</primary><secondary>region of display</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>display</primary><secondary>capturing region of</secondary></indexterm>
<orderedlist><listitem><para>Choose Magnification from the Options menu.</para>
</listitem><listitem><para>Choose the Magnification level you want from the
submenu.<indexterm><primary>icons</primary><secondary>changing magnification
of</secondary></indexterm><indexterm><primary>magnification of icons</primary>
</indexterm></para>
</listitem></orderedlist>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
</chapter>
<!--fickle 1.14 mif-to-docbook 1.7 01/02/96 10:57:19-->
<?Pub *0000052204>

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<!-- $XConsortium: credits.sgm /main/3 1996/08/18 19:43:48 rws $ -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Digital Equipment Corporation. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 International Business Machines Corp. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Novell, Inc. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 FUJITSU LIMITED. -->
<!-- (c) Copyright 1995 Hitachi. -->
<!--Para: Copyright &xd3; 1994, 1995 Hewlett-Packard Company
Copyright &xd3; 1994, 1995 International Business Machines Corp.
Copyright &xd3; 1994, 1995 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Copyright &xd3; 1994, 1995 Novell, Inc.-->
<!--Para: All rights reserved. This product and related documentation are
protected by copyright and distributed under licenses
restricting its use, copying, distribution, and decompilation. No part of this product or related documentation may be
reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization.-->
<!--Para: RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to the restrictions
set forth in DFARS 252.227-7013 (c)(1)(ii) and FAR 52.227-19.-->
<!--Para: THIS PUBLICATION IS PROVIDED &xd2;AS IS&xd3; WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.-->
<!--Para: The code and documentation for the DtComboBox and DtSpinBox widgets were contributed by Interleaf, Inc. Copyright 1993,
Interleaf, Inc.-->
<!--Para: UNIX is a trademark exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd.-->
<!--Para: Motif and Motif are trademarks of Open Software Foundation, Ltd.-->
<!--Para: X Window System is a trademark of X Consortium, Inc.-->
<!--Para: PostScript is a trademark of Adobe Systems, Inc., which may be registered in certain jurisdictions.-->
<!--fickle 1.14 mif-to-docbook 1.7 01/02/96 10:57:19-->

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