Initial import of the CDE 2.1.30 sources from the Open Group.

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/LIBAST.3

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: LIBAST.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:06:40 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH LIBAST 3
+.UC 4
+.SH NAME
+libast \- introduction to the ast library
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+This section describes functions found in the
+Advanced Software Tecnology department
+.B libast
+library.
+.B libast
+serves three major purposes.
+First, it presents (a subset of) POSIX/ANSI standard headers and interfaces on
+non-compliant systems.
+Second, it provides a portable base of routines that implement concepts
+common to all UNIX system variants.
+Finally, it is a forum for
+modern implementations of features present (or lacking)
+in the standard C libraries.
+Features better provided by separate libraries are omitted from
+.BR libast .
+For example, most terminal driver interface issues are left for
+special purpose libraries such as
+.IR curses (3).
+.PP
+The
+.B libast
+related header files are installed in the directories
+.LR include/ast .
+Routines that do not advertize their own headers are prototyped in
+.LR <ast.h> .
+.L <ast.h>
+is ANSI, K&R and C++ compatible and includes or defines the equivalent of
+.LR <limits.h> ,
+.LR <stddef.h> ,
+.LR <stdlib.h> ,
+.LR <sys/types.h> ,
+.L <string.h>
+and
+.LR <unistd.h> .
+Other libraries that depend on 
+.B libast
+may also have headers installed in the
+.L include/ast
+directories.
+.SH FILES
+.nf
+include/ast		the \fBast\fP package header directory
+lib/libast.a		the \fBlibast\fP library
+lib/libast-g.a		the \fBlibast\fP library compiled for debugging
+lib/libast-pg.a		the \fBlibast\fP library compiled for profiling
+lib/libast.so.4.0	the \fBlibast\fP shared library
+.fi
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+intro(3),
+intro(2),
+cc(1)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/ast.3

@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: ast.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:06:50 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH AST 3
+.SH NAME
+ast \- miscellaneous libast support
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <ast.h>
+
+char*          astconf(const char* \fIname\fP, const char* \fIpath\fP, const char* \fIvalue\fP);
+Ast_confdisc_t astconfdisc(Ast_confdisc_t new_notify);
+void           astconflist(Sfio_t* stream, const char* path, int flags);
+off_t          astcopy(int \fIrfd\fP, int \fIwfd\fP, off_t \fIn\fP);
+int            astquery(int \fIfd\fP, const char* \fIformat\fP , ...);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L astconf
+is a string interface to the
+.IR confstr (2),
+.IR pathconf (2),
+and
+.IR sysconf (2)
+calls.
+If
+.I value
+is
+.L 0
+then the configuration parameter value for
+.I name
+is returned.
+Some
+.I name
+configuration parameters may consult the
+.I path
+argument.
+In this case if
+.I path
+is
+.L 0
+then
+\f5"/"\fP
+is used.
+Otherwise if 
+.I path
+is not
+.L 0
+then it must exist.
+The string return value for
+.I name
+remains unchanged until the next
+.L astconf
+call on
+.IR name .
+If
+.I value
+is
+.L 0
+then a valid string is always returned;
+\f5""\fP
+is returned if
+.I name
+has no configuration value.
+This simplifies the programming interface:
+.EX
+if (!strcmp(astconf("PATH_RESOLVE", NiL, NiL), "logical"))
+	/* the logical way ... */
+.EE
+If
+.I value
+is not
+.L 0
+then the configuration parameter value for
+.I name
+is set to
+.IR value .
+.L 0
+is returned if the value cannot be set.
+The paradigm is:
+.EX
+universe = astconf("UNIVERSE", 0, "att");
+\|.\|.\|.
+astconf("UNIVERSE", 0, universe);
+.EE
+The settable configuration names are:
+.TP
+.L FS_3D
+.L 1
+if
+.IR 3d (1)
+viewpathing is enabled,
+.L 0
+otherwise.
+This is an alternative to the
+.IR fs3d (3)
+interface.
+.TP
+.L PATH_RESOLVE
+.L logical
+if symbolic links are followed during file tree traversal,
+.L physical
+if symbolic links are not followed during file tree traversal,
+and
+.L metaphysical
+if symbolic links are followed at the top level during file tree traversal.
+These correspond to the generic
+.LR \-L ,
+.LR \-P ,
+and
+.L \-H
+command options.
+.TP
+.L UNIVERSE
+.L ucb
+for 
+.I Berkeley
+style and
+.L att
+otherwise.
+This configuration parameter controls the
+.I universe
+setting on machines that support it (e.g., Pyramid).
+.L UNIVERSE
+also controls the behavior of some commands like
+.IR cat (1)
+and
+.IR echo (1).
+.PP
+User defined
+.I name
+values may also be set and queried, but these should probably have
+some form of vendor prefix to avoid being stomped by future standards.
+.PP
+.L astconfdisc
+registers a discipline function
+.EX
+int (*notify)(const char* \fIname\fP, const char* \fIpath\fP, const char* \fIvalue\fP);
+.EE
+that is called just before the configuration parameter
+.I name
+is set to
+.I value
+relative to
+.IR path .
+If
+.I notify
+returns 
+.L 0
+then the configuration parameter value is not changed.
+.PP
+.L astconflist
+lists the current configuration names and values of
+.IR stream .
+If
+.I path
+is
+.L 0
+then \f5"/"\fP is used where appropriate.
+If
+.I flags
+is
+.L 0
+or
+.L R_OK|W_OK
+then all configuration parameters are listed.
+.L R_OK
+lists the readonly configuration parameters and 
+.L W_OK
+lists the settable configuration parameters.
+.L X_OK
+lists the settable configuration parameters in a form that can be
+snarfed for input to the
+.IR getconf (1)
+command.
+.PP
+.L astcopy
+efficiently copies up to
+.I n
+bytes from the file descriptor
+.I rfd
+to the file descriptor
+.IR wfd .
+The actual number of bytes copied is returned; \-1 is returned on error.
+If
+.I n
+is  0 then an optimal number of bytes (with respect to both
+.I rfd
+and
+.IR wfd )
+is copied.
+.PP
+If possible
+.IR mmap (2)
+is used to do the transfer.
+Some implementations may bypass user buffer copies usually required by the
+.IR read (2)- write (2)
+paradigm.
+.PP
+.L astquery
+outputs an
+.IR sfprintf (3)
+prompt specified by
+.I "format, .\|.\|."
+to the controlling terminal and reads a response from the controlling terminal.
+Offirmative response returns
+.LR 0 ,
+.L EOF
+or quit response returns
+.LR \-1 ,
+otherwise
+.L 1
+is returned.
+If
+.I quit
+is greater than
+.L 0
+then
+.I exit(quit)
+is called on a quit response.
+The responses will eventually be locale specific.
+.PP
+.L astwinsize
+returns the number of rows in
+.I *rows
+and the number of columns
+.I *col
+for the terminal file descriptor
+.IR fd .
+If the number of rows or columns cannot be determined or if
+.I fd
+is not a terminal then
+.I *rows
+and
+.I *cols
+are set to
+.LR 0 .
+If
+.I ioctl (2)
+methods fail then the environment variable
+.L LINES
+is used to set
+.I *rows
+and the environment variable
+.L COLUMNS
+is used to set
+.IR *cols .
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+getconf(1), confstr(2), mmap(2), pathconf(2), read(2), sysconf(2), write(2)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/chr.3

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: chr.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:07:02 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de LI
+.}S 5 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de IL
+.}S 3 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH CHR 3
+.SH NAME
+chr \- character constant conversion routines
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <ast.h>
+
+int          chresc(const char* \fIs\fP, char** \fIe\fP);
+int          chrtoi(const char* \fIs\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L chresc
+converts and returns the next character constant in the 0-terminated string
+.IR s .
+If
+.I e
+is not 0 then
+.I *e
+is set to point to the next character in
+.I s
+on return.
+0 is returned and 
+.I e
+is not modified when the end of
+.I s
+is reached.
+.PP
+.L chrtoi
+converts the 0-terminated string
+.I s
+to an
+.I int
+and returns the value.
+The characters in
+.I s
+are converted in order from the left and shifted into the
+.I int
+value until up to the number of characters in an
+.I int
+is reached.
+This operation is inherently machine-dependent,
+but at least its defined in one place.
+.PP
+The following 
+.B \e
+escape sequences are recognized:
+.TP
+.LI \e ooo
+The character represented by the octal code
+.IR ooo .
+.TP
+.LI \ex xx
+The character represented by the hex code
+.IR xx .
+.TP
+.L \ea
+Alert (bell).
+.TP
+.L \eb
+Backspace.
+.TP
+.L \ef
+Formfeed.
+.TP
+.L \en
+Newline.
+.TP
+.L \er
+Carriage return.
+.TP
+.L \et
+Horizontal tab.
+.TP
+.L \ev
+Vertical tab.
+.TP
+.L \eE
+ESC (escape).
+.TP
+.L \e\e
+Backslash.
+.PP
+Other characters following
+.B \e
+are undefined (although for backwards compatibility they
+translate to themselves).
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+str(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/compatibility.3

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: compatibility.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:07:11 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH COMPATIBILITY 3
+.SH NAME
+compatibility \- ast library compatibility routines
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <ast.h>
+
+int	atexit(void(*)(void));
+char*	confstr(int);
+int	dup2(int, int);
+long	fpathconf(int, int);
+int	getgroups(int, int*);
+char*	getwd(char*);
+int	killpg(int, int);
+int	link(const char*, const char*);
+int	lstat(const char*, struct stat*);
+int	memcmp(const char*, const char*, unsigned int);
+char*	memcpy(char*, const char*, int);
+char*	memset(char*, char, int);
+int	mkdir(const char*, mode_t);
+int	mkfifo(const char*, mode_t);
+int	mknod(const char*, mode_t);
+char*	mktemp(char*);
+int	mount(const char*, const char*, int);
+long	pathconf(const char*, int);
+int	perror(const char*);
+FILE*	popen(const char*, const char*);
+int	readlink(const char*, char*, int);
+int	remove(const char*);
+int	rename(const char*, const char*);
+int	rmdir(const char*);
+int	setpgid(pid_t, pid_t);
+int	sigmask(int);
+int	sigsetmask(long);
+int	sigunblock(int);
+char*	strchr(const char*, int);
+char*	strrchr(const char*, int);
+double	strtod(const char*, char**);
+long	strtol(const char*, char**, int);
+int	symlink(const char*, const char*);
+long	sysconf(int);
+int	system(const char*);
+char*	tmpnam(char*);
+int	unlink(const char*);
+int	vfork(void);
+int	waitpid(pid_t, int*, int);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These routines are described in the ANSI C, POSIX, BSD and System V manual
+sections 2 and 3.
+The interfaces are preserved and present in all libast implementations.
+Where conflicts exist the POSIX syntax and semantics are implied.
+The appropriate error value is returned and
+.I errno
+is set to
+.L EINVAL
+when emulation is either too expensive or not possible.
+.SH CAVEAT
+If you
+.L "#undef foo"
+and then call
+.L foo
+you may end up with the local implementation of
+.LR foo ,
+and then you get what you payed for.

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/error.3

@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: error.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:07:24 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH ERROR 3
+.SH NAME
+error \- error and debug trace message formatter
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <error.h>
+
+Error_info_t error_info;
+
+void         error(int \fIlevel\fP, ...);
+void         errorv(const char* \fIlibrary\fP, int \fIlevel\fP, va_alist \fIargs\fP);
+void         liberror(const char* \fIlibrary\fP, int \fIlevel\fP, ...);
+
+#include <debug.h>
+
+debug(\fIstatement\fP)
+message((int \fIlevel\fP, ...))
+libmessage((const char* \fIlibrary\fI, int \fIlevel\fP, ...))
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L error
+is the error and debug trace message formatter.
+.I level
+is the severity level.
+Messages with
+.I "level < error_info.trace"
+are suppressed.
+.I error_info.trace
+is initially
+.LR 0 .
+The remaining arguments are passed on to
+.LR printf .
+A
+.I newline
+is appended to the message text, so none should appear in the
+.L printf
+format.
+If 
+.I error_info.id
+is not
+.L 0
+then messages with
+.I "level > 0"
+are prefixed by
+.IR error_info.id: .
+.PP
+Before the message text is output to standard error
+it is passed to the function
+.LR "char* ERROR_translate(const char* \fItext\fP, int \fIflag\fP)" .
+By default
+.L ERROR_translate
+returns the
+.L text
+argument, but on some systems it may do language translation via lookup
+on the original source text.
+.RL ( error
+calls 
+.L ERROR_translate
+with a 0
+.L flag
+argument).
+.PP
+.I level
+may be one of:
+.TP
+.B <0
+Negative values are for debug tracing.
+Debug messages are prefixed with
+.BI debug level.
+If
+.I "errno != error_info.last_errno"
+then 
+.I error_info.last_errno
+is set to
+.I errno
+and the error text for errno is appended to the message.
+.TP
+.B "ERROR_INFO [0]"
+Information only; no prefixes are added to the message.
+.TP
+.B "ERROR_WARNING [1]"
+.L "warning:"
+is added after
+.L error_info.id
+and
+.I error_info.warnings
+is incremented.
+.TP
+.I "ERROR_ERROR [2]"
+(soft error)
+.I error_info.errors
+is incremented.
+.TP
+.B ">= ERROR_FATAL [3]"
+(hard error)
+.I error_info.errors
+is incremented and
+.L exit(\fIlevel\fP\-2)
+is called after the message is emitted.
+.TP
+.B "ERROR_PANIC [77]"
+(unrecoverable internal error)
+.L "panic:"
+is added after
+.IR error_info.id .
+.PP
+The following may be inclusive-or'd into
+.I level
+for alternate behavior:
+.TP
+.L ERROR_SYSTEM
+The error text for
+.I errno
+is appended to the message.
+.TP
+.L ERROR_OUTPUT
+The next argument is the file descriptor where the error message
+should be emitted.
+.TP
+.L ERROR_SOURCE
+Then next two arguments are a file name and line number that are added
+to the message after
+.IR error_info.id .
+.TP
+.L ERROR_USAGE
+A usage message is emitted.
+.TP
+.L ERROR_PROMPT
+The trailing 
+.I newline
+is suppressed.
+.TP
+.L ERROR_NOID
+The
+.I error_info.id
+prefix is suppressed.
+.TP
+.L ERROR_LIBRARY
+The message is from a library routine.
+.SH ENVIRONMENT
+The elements of the global struct
+.I error_info
+control error output and actions.
+Parts of 
+.I error_info
+can be initialized from the
+.L ERROR_OPTIONS
+environment variable.
+.L ERROR_OPTIONS
+contains space separated
+.IR name [ =value ]
+options, described below.
+.TP
+.I "int core"
+If
+.I "error_info.core != 0"
+then 
+.I "level >= error_info.core"
+generates a core dump.
+Initialized by
+.EX
+ERROR_OPTIONS="core=\fIlevel\fP"
+.EE
+where 
+.I level
+can be a number or one of
+.LR error ,
+.LR fatal ,
+or
+.LR panic .
+.I error_info.core
+is a handy way to get a stack trace at the exact point of error.
+.TP
+.I "int error_info.trace"
+If
+.I "error_info.trace != 0"
+and
+.I "level < error_info.trace"
+then the error message text is suppressed.
+.L exit()
+may still be called if appropriate for
+.IR level .
+Initialized by
+.EX
+ERROR_OPTIONS="trace=\fIlevel\fP"
+.EE
+where
+.I error_info.trace
+is set to the negative of
+.IR level .
+.PP
+Library error messages, suppressed by default, are enabled by
+.EX
+ERROR_OPTIONS="library"
+.EE
+The system
+.I errno
+message text can be forced for each message by
+.EX
+ERROR_OPTIONS="system"
+.EE
+.SH "EXTENDED DESCRIPTION"
+.L "<debug.h>"
+provides debugging message macros when
+.L DEBUG
+or
+.L _TRACE_
+are defined
+.RL ( _TRACE_
+is defined by
+.I makerules
+when 
+.L CCFLAGS
+contains
+.LR \-g ).
+All of the macros expand to nothing when both
+.L DEBUG
+and
+.L _TRACE_
+are not defined.
+Otherwise
+.L debug
+expands its arg and
+.L libmessage
+and
+.L message
+call
+.L liberror
+and 
+.L error
+respectively if
+.IR "error_info.trace<0" .
+Notice that
+.L libmessage
+and
+.L message
+are macro hacks that require double parentheses ((...)) around the
+arguments.
+.SH EXAMPLE
+To enable debugging message level -3, library messages, and system
+.I errno
+text for all commands:
+.EX
+export ERROR_OPTIONS="trace=3 library system"
+.EE

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/find.3

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: find.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:07:34 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH FIND 3
+.SH NAME
+find \- fastfind algorithm interface
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <find.h>
+
+void* findopen(const char* \fIpattern\fP);
+char* findnext(void* \fIhandle\fP);
+void findclose(void* \fIhandle\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These routines access the data generated by the
+.I fastfind
+algorithm.
+The data itself is generated by a standalone program that is run daily
+via
+.I cron
+or
+.IR at .
+.PP
+.L findopen 
+returns a handle to a 
+.I fastfind
+stream for the 
+.I ksh 
+file pattern
+.IR pattern .
+.L findnext
+returns the next pathname that matches the pattern specified by
+.IR handle .
+.L findnext
+returns 
+.L 0
+when no more pathnames match the pattern.
+Finally,
+.L findclose
+closes the
+.I fastfind
+stream for
+.IR handle .
+.SH BUGS
+These rotuines are only as good as the
+.I fastfind
+information which is in the system administration domain.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+tw(1),
+find(1),
+strmatch(3)
+.br
+James A. Woods, \fIFast Find Algorithm\fP, Usenix ;login:, February/March, 1983, p. 8

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/fmt.3

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: fmt.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:07:45 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH FMT 3
+.SH NAME
+fmt \- string formatting routines
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+#include <ast.h>
+#include <ls.h>
+
+char*      fmtbase(long \fInumber\fP, int \fIbase\fP, int \fIprefix\fP);
+char*      fmtdev(struct stat* \fIst\fP);
+char*      fmtelapsed(unsigned long \fIcount\fP, int \fIpersec\fP)
+char*      fmterror(int \fIerrno\fP);
+char*      fmtesc(const char* \fIstring\fP);
+char*      fmtfs(struct stat* \fIst\fP);
+char*      fmtgid(int \fIgid\fP);
+char*      fmtmatch(const char* \fIre\fP);
+char*      fmtmode(int \fImode\fP, int \fIexternal\fP);
+char*      fmtperm(int \fIperm\fP);
+char*      fmtre(const char* \fIpattern\fP);
+char*      fmtsignal(int \fIsig\fP);
+char*      fmttime(const char* \fIformat\fP, time_t \fItm\fP);
+char*      fmtuid(int \fIuid\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These routines return a pointer to a formatted string for various numeric
+and string entities.
+Some routines may cache information to speed up the next call.
+Most of the routines return a pointer to a private buffer, the
+contents of which are overwritten on the next call to that routine.
+Most
+.L fmt
+routines have a corresponding
+.L str
+routine that converts in the other direction.
+There is nothing spectacular about this collection other than that
+it provides a single place where the exact format is spelled out.
+.PP
+.L fmtbase
+formats a base
+.I base
+representation for
+.IR number .
+If
+.I "prefix != 0"
+then the base prefix is included in the formatted string.
+If
+.I "number == 0"
+or
+.I "base == 0"
+then the output is signed base 10.
+.PP
+.L fmtdev
+returns the device handle name specified by the
+.L stat
+structure
+.IR st .
+This is the device information displayed by
+.IR "ls \-l" .
+.PP
+.L fmtelapsed
+formats the elapsed time for
+.I (count/persec)
+seconds.
+The two largest time units are used, limiting the return value length
+to at most 6 characters.
+The units are:
+.TP
+.B s
+seconds
+.TP
+.B m
+minutes
+.TP
+.B h
+hours
+.TP
+.B days
+.TP
+.B weeks
+.TP
+.B M
+months
+.TP
+.B Y
+years
+.TP
+.B S
+scores
+.PP
+.L fmterror
+returns the system error message text for the error number
+.IR errno .
+.PP
+.L fmtesc
+formats non-ASCII characters in
+.I string
+into C-style
+.B \e
+sequences.
+These sequences are understood by
+.L chresc
+and
+.LR chrtoi .
+.PP
+.L fmtfs
+returns the file system type name corresponding to the
+.L stat
+structure
+.IR st .
+.PP
+.L fmtgid
+returns the group name for
+.IR gid .
+.PP
+.L fmtmatch
+returns the
+.L strmatch
+equivalent pattern for the regular expression pattern
+.IR re .
+0 is returned for invalid
+.IR re .
+.PP
+.L fmtmode
+returns the
+.I "ls \-l"
+mode string for the file mode bits in
+.IR mode .
+If
+.I "external != 0"
+then 
+.I mode
+is
+.IR modecanon (3)
+canonical.
+.PP
+.L fmtperm
+returns the
+.I chmod
+permission string for the permission bits in
+.IR perm .
+.PP
+.L fmtre
+returns the regular expression
+equivalent pattern for the
+.L strmatch
+pattern
+.IR pattern .
+0 is returned for invalid
+.IR pattern .
+.PP
+.L fmtsignal
+returns the signal name, sans
+.LR SIG ,
+for the signal number 
+.IR sig .
+If
+.I "sig < 0"
+then the description text for
+.I \-sig
+is returned.
+.PP
+.L fmttime
+returns the results of
+.I "tmfmt(buf,sizeof(buf),format,tm)"
+in the private buffer
+.IR buf .
+.PP
+.L fmtuid
+returns the user name for
+.IR uid .
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+modecanon(3),
+str(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/fmtls.3

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: fmtls.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:07:55 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRLS 3
+.SH NAME
+fmtls \- format file information in buffer
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <ls.h>
+
+char*         fmtls(char* \fIbuf\fP, char* \fIname\fP, struct stat* \fIst\fP,
+                    char* \fIinfo\fP, char* \fIlink\fP, int \fIflags\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L fmtls
+formats
+.IR ls (1)
+style file information into the buffer
+.IR buf .
+A pointer to the trailing 0 in 
+.I buf
+is returned.
+.I name
+is the file name.
+.I st
+is a pointer to the
+.B "struct stat
+status information for
+.I name
+obtained from one of the
+.IR stat (2)
+routines.
+.I info
+is an additional string that will appear before
+.I name
+in
+.I buf
+and
+.I link
+is the name of the related hard or soft link file.
+Both
+.I info
+and
+.I link
+may be 0.
+.I flags
+controls the format style and may be a combination of the following:
+.PP
+.TP
+.B LS_ATIME
+Use
+.I st->st_atime
+rather than
+.I st->st_mtime
+for
+.BR LS_LONG .
+.TP
+.B LS_CTIME
+Use
+.I st->st_mtime
+rather than
+.I st->st_mtime
+for
+.BR LS_LONG .
+.TP
+.B LS_BLOCKS
+List the number of blocks.
+.TP
+.B LS_INUMBER
+List the file serial number (inode number).
+.TP
+.B LS_LONG
+List the file mode, link count, user and group name,
+size or major/minor device number, and date along with the
+file name.
+.TP
+.B LS_MARK
+The file name is appended with
+.L /
+for directories,
+.L @
+for symbolic links,
+and
+.L *
+for executable files.
+.TP
+.B LS_NOGROUP
+Omit the group name from
+.BR LS_LONG .
+.TP
+.B LS_NOUSER
+Omit the user name from
+.BR LS_LONG .
+.PP
+The user and group fields are each
+.B LS_W_NAME
+characters wide,
+the
+.B LS_INUMBER 
+field is
+.BS LS_W_INUMBER
+characters wide,
+and the
+.B LS_BLOCKS
+field is
+.B LS_W_BLOCKS
+characters wide.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+ls(1), stat(2), strmode(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/fs3d.3

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: fs3d.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:08:06 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH FS3D 3
+.SH NAME
+fs3d \- 3D (nDFS) on/off switch
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <fs3d.h>
+
+int          fs3d(int \fIop\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L fs3d
+controls and queries the
+.B 3D
+file system
+.RB (aka nDFS )
+enable state.
+.L 0
+is returned if the current process cannot mount
+.B 3D
+files.
+.I op
+may be one of:
+.TP
+.B FS3D_TEST
+Returns
+.L "FS3D_ON [1]"
+if
+.B 3D
+is enabled,
+.L "FS3D_OFF [0]"
+otherwise.
+.TP
+.B FS3D_ON
+Enables
+.B 3D
+and returns the previous
+.L 3D
+state (either
+.B FS3D_ON
+or
+.BR FS3D_OFF ).
+.TP
+\fBFS3D_LIMIT(\fIlimit\fB)\fR
+Sets the viewpath level limit to
+.IR limit .
+The previous limit is returned.
+.TP
+.B FS3D_INIT
+Re-initialize the
+.B 3D
+tables.
+Used for debugging.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+3D(1)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/ftwalk.3

@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: ftwalk.3 /main/3 1995/11/01 17:44:44 rswiston $
+.TH FTWALK 3
+.SH NAME
+\fBftwalk\fR \- file tree walker
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.ta .75i 1.5i 2.25i 3i 3.75i 4.5i 5.25i 6i
+.PP
+.nf
+\f5
+#include <ftwalk.h>
+
+int ftwalk(char* path, int (*userf)(struct FTW* ftw), int options,
+       int (*comparf)(struct FTW* ftw1, struct FTW* ftw2));
+
+
+int ftwflags(void);
+\fR
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.PP
+\fIFtwalk\fR traverses a directory hierarchy using depth-first search.
+Upon visiting each file or directory in the hierarchy, it calls
+the user function \fIuserf\fP to process that file or directory.
+On a directory object, \fIuserf\fR may be called twice, once in preorder
+and once in postorder.
+On a terminal object such as a file or an unreadable directory,
+\fIuserf\fP is called only once.
+Cycles due to hard links or symbolic links are detected
+to avoid infinite loops.
+.PP
+\fIPath\fR is the starting point of the search.
+It may be an absolute path name or a path name relative to
+the current directory.
+If \fIpath\fR is a null pointer or points to an empty string, it is treated
+as if it points to the current (dot) directory.
+.PP
+\fIOptions\fR consists of zero or more of the following bits:
+.IP
+FTW_CHILDREN:
+This implies preorder calls to \fIuserf\fR on directory objects.
+On such a call to \fIuserf\fR,
+the field \fIftw->link\fR (below) points to a link list of
+the children of the respective directory.
+Upon returning from \fIuserf\fP,
+if the field \fIftw->status\fR of any child object
+is set to FTW_SKIP (below), that child is pruned from the search.
+.IP
+FTW_DELAY: When \fBFTW_CHILDREN\fP is turned on,
+the fields \fIftw->statb\fP (\fIstruct stat\fP) of children objects
+remain undefined until these objects are visited.
+.IP
+FTW_DOT: Do not use \fIchdir\fR(2) during the traversal.
+Normally \fIchdir\fR is used so that
+the base name of the object about to be processed can be used
+in accessing its data.
+This can enhance \fIftwalk\fR efficiency but certain program effects
+such as core dumps may be generated in unexpected places
+or may not even be generated at all.
+Whenever \fIchdir\fR generates an error, if possible,
+the current directory is restored to the starting directory
+(see FTW_NAME and FTW_PATH).
+.IP
+FTW_MULTIPLE: The \fIpath\fP argument is treated as a \fIchar**\fP
+pointer to a null-terminated array of path names.
+All hierarchies rooted at these paths will be searched
+.IP
+FTW_POST: Calls to the user function are issued only in postorder.
+That is, \fIuserf\fP is called on a directory only after its descendants have
+been processed.
+The absence of this bit indicates that calls to the user functions
+are issued in preorder. That is, \fIuserf\fP is
+called on a directory before its descendants  are processed.
+.IP
+FTW_PHYSICAL: Use \fIlstat\fR(2) instead of \fIstat\fR(2) to get
+file status and allow detection of symbolic links.
+In addition, if each component
+of the absolute path to the starting object has search permission,
+the absolute path is used for early detection of cycles.
+.IP
+FTW_META|FTW_PHYSICAL: Use \fIstat\fR(2) for top level file status and
+\fIlstat\fR(2) for all other files.
+Used to implement the POSIX
+.B \-H
+option for commands like
+.IR ls .
+.IP
+FTW_TWICE: Calls to the user function are issued in both preorder and postorder
+for directory objects.
+.IP
+FTW_USER: The first of 6 user defined option bits.
+These bits are ignored by \fIftwalk\fP.
+.PP
+\fIUserf\fR is a user supplied function that is
+called upon different visits of an object.
+If the return value of \fIuserf\fR is non-zero,
+\fIftwalk\fR returns immediately with the same value.
+The \fIuserf\fP prototype is:
+.PP
+.nf
+	int userf(struct FTW* ftw)
+.fi
+.PP
+\fBstruct FTW\fP contains at least the following elements:
+.PP
+.nf
+    struct FTW*    link;    /* link list of children */
+    struct FTW*    parent;  /* parent object on the search path */
+    union
+    {
+    long           number;  /* local number */
+    void*          pointer; /* local pointer */
+    }              local;   /* user defined */
+    struct stat    statb;   /* stat buffer of this object */
+    char*          path;    /* full pathname */
+    short          pathlen; /* strlen(path) */
+    unsigned short info;    /* type of object */
+    unsigned short status;  /* status of object */ 
+    short          level;   /* depth of object on the search path */
+    short          namelen; /* strlen(name) */
+    char           name[];  /* file name of object */
+.fi
+.PP
+The \fIlink\fR field is normally NULL.
+If the option FTW_CHILDREN was turned on,
+it points to the start of the list of children
+of the directory being visited in preorder.
+Finally, if the directory being visited causes a cycle,
+\fIlink\fR points to the object on the search path that is
+identical to this directory. Note that if FTW_PHYSICAL was turned on,
+this may point to a directory that is an ancestor of the starting
+object.
+.PP
+The \fIparent\fR field points to the parent object
+on the search path. For convenience, a parent object is also supplied for
+the starting object.
+In this case, except for the \fIlocal\fR field which is initialized
+to 0 and the \fIlevel\fR field which contains a negative number,
+the rest of the structure may be undefined.
+.PP
+The \fIinfo\fR field indicates the type of the object
+being visited and the type of the visit. The types are:
+.IP
+FTW_D: A directory being visited in preorder, i.e.,
+none of its children has been visited by the search.
+.IP
+FTW_DNX: A directory being visited in preorder that does not have
+search permission.
+.IP
+FTW_DP: A directory being visited in postorder, i.e., all of its
+descendants have been completely processed.
+.IP
+FTW_DC: A directory that causes cycles. This is a terminal object.
+.IP
+FTW_DNR: A directory that cannot be opened for reading. This is a terminal object.
+.IP
+FTW_F: An ordinary file.
+.IP
+FTW_SL: A symbolic link.
+Unless FTW_FOLLOW (below) is issued by the user function,
+this object is terminal.
+.IP
+FTW_NS: \fIStat\fR failed on this object.
+The stat buffer \fIstatb\fR is undefined.
+This object is terminal.
+.PP
+The \fIstatus\fR field of \fIstruct FTW\fR is used to communicate information
+between \fIftwalk\fR and \fIuserf\fR. On calls to \fIuserf\fR, it has one of
+two values:
+.IP
+FTW_NAME: The name of the object as defined in \fIftw->name\fR should be used for
+accessing its file information. This is because \fIchdir\fR(2) has been used
+to set the current directory to a suitable place (see FTW_CHDIR).
+.IP
+FTW_PATH: The argument \fIpath\fR of \fIuserf\fR should be used
+for accessing the file information of the object.
+.PP
+Upon returning, \fIuserf\fR may set the \fIstatus\fR field
+to one of the following values:
+.IP
+FTW_AGAIN: If this is a directory object being visited in postorder,
+it will be processed \fIagain\fR as if it had not been visited.
+.IP
+FTW_NOPOST: If this is a directory object being visited in preorder,
+the user function will not be called on its postorder visit.
+.IP
+FTW_SKIP: This object and its descendants are pruned from the search.
+.IP
+FTW_FOLLOW: If this object is a symbolic link,
+follow the link to its physical counterpart.
+.PP
+\fIComparf\fR, if not NULL, is a pointer to a function
+used to define a search ordering for children of a directory.
+If FTW_CHILDREN is turned on, the ordering of the children of
+a directory is done before the preorder call to \fIuserf\fR on that directory.
+Therefore, in that case, \fIftw->link\fR will point to the smallest child.
+.PP
+The \fIcomparf\fP prototype is:
+.PP
+.nf
+	int comparf(struct FTW* ftw1, struct FTW* ftw2)
+.fi
+.PP
+\fIComparf\fR should return a value <0, 0, or >0 to indicate whether
+\fIftw1\fR is considered smaller, equal, or larger than \fIftw2\fR.
+.PP
+\fIFtwalk\fR normally returns 0.
+On hard errors such as running out of memory, it returns -1.
+\fIFtwalk\fR may also return other values as discussed with respect
+to \fIuserf\fR. 
+.PP
+\fIFtwflags\fR returns a combination of \fB0, FTW_META, FTW_PHYSICAL\fR
+according to the
+preferences specified by
+\fBastconf("PATH_RESOLVE",0,0)\fR:
+.TP
+.B logical
+0
+.TP
+.B metaphysical
+.B "FTW_META|FTW_PHYSICAL"
+.TP
+.B physical
+.B FTW_PHYSICAL
+.SH HISTORY
+\fIFtwalk\fR performs similar functions as that of
+the routine \fIftw\fR provided in System V.
+However, it is more general than \fIftw\fR
+and suitable for use as a base in implementing
+popular tools such as \fIls, find, tar, du,\fR and \fIrm\fR.
+\fIFtwalk\fR also handles symbolic links and hard links gracefully.
+.SH AUTHORS
+Phong Vo, Glenn Fowler, Dave Korn
+.SH SEE ALSO
+find(1), rm(1), du(1), ls(1), tar(1), stat(2), symlink(2),
+astfeature(3), ftw(3), pathcd(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/getcwd.3

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: getcwd.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:08:16 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH GETCWD 3
+.SH NAME
+getcwd \- return absolute path to current directory
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <ast.h>
+
+char* getcwd(char* \fIbuf\fP, size_t \fIlen\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L getcwd
+copies the absolute path name of the current directory info into
+.I buf
+of length 
+.IR len .
+The return path may be longer than
+.LR PATH_MAX .
+If
+.I "buff == 0"
+then space is allocated via
+.IR malloc (3)
+and 
+.I len
+extra characters are reserved after the generated path name.
+A pointer to the path name is returned, 
+.L 0
+on error.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+pathcd(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/hash.3

@@ -0,0 +1,633 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: hash.3 /main/3 1996/10/29 15:08:25 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH HASH 3
+.SH NAME
+hash \- hash table support
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "#include <hash.h>"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.I hash
+routines manipulate collections of dynamic, scoped hash tables.
+.PP
+A hash table provides an association between a
+.I key
+and its
+.IR value .
+A
+.I key
+is a sequence of 
+.L char
+elements and a
+.I value
+is a user supplied pointer to the value.
+Each hash table has a dynamic number of slots,
+each pointing to the head of a forward linked
+.IR "collision chain" .
+.PP
+Hashing occurs as follows:
+a
+.I "hash function"
+takes a
+.I key
+as an argument and returns a non-negative index.
+The index modulo the table size produces a
+slot that points to a
+.IR "collision chain" .
+The collision chain is sequentially searched until a match is found for
+.IR key .
+The hash tables are automatically resized as new entries are added.
+.PP
+Each hash table has one key type.
+The default key type is a pointer to a null-terminated string.
+The alternate key type is a pointer to a fixed length byte buffer,
+declared for a given table by the
+.L hashalloc()
+function described below.
+.PP
+Hash table information is partitioned into two parts for efficient scoping.
+The
+.I root
+part contains fixed information that is shared among a set of related
+hash tables.
+The remaining information is maintained on a per-table basis.
+.PP
+These basic types are defined in the header file
+.B hash.h
+(alternate names are listed in parenthesis):
+.TP
+.L "Hash_table_t (HASHTABLE)"
+The per-table information.
+The readonly public elements are:
+.RS
+.TP
+.L "int buckets"
+The number of table entries.
+.TP
+.L "char* name"
+The hash table name.
+.TP
+.L "root"
+The root information.
+The public elements are:
+.RS
+.TP
+.L "int root->accesses"
+The number of lookups.
+.TP
+.L "int root->collisions"
+The number of lookup collisions.
+.RE
+.TP
+.L "Hash_table_t* scope"
+The table that this scope covers, 
+.L NULL
+if the table is not a scope.
+.TP
+.L "int size"
+The current hash table size.
+.RE
+.TP
+.L "Hash_bucket_t (HASHBUCKET)"
+A collision chain hash bucket.
+The public structure elements are:
+.RS
+.TP
+.L "char* hashname(Hash_bucket_t*)"
+Returns a pointer to the hash bucket key given the bucket pointer.
+.TP
+.L "char* value"
+The value associated with the key.
+.RE
+.TP
+.L "Hash_header_t (HASHHEADER)"
+The hash bucket header that must be the first element in all user defined
+buckets.
+.L HASH_VALUE
+may not be used with user defined buckets.
+.TP
+.L "Hash_position_t (HASHPOSITION)"
+Stores the hash table position for
+.LR hashscan .
+The public elements are:
+.RS
+.TP
+.L "Hash_bucket_t* bucket"
+The current hash bucket pointer.
+.RE
+.PP
+The routines are:
+.TP
+.L "Hash_table_t* hashalloc(Hash_table_t* ref, int op, ...)"
+Creates a new hash table and returns a pointer to the table.
+.IR malloc (3)
+is used to allocate space for the table.
+.L NULL
+is returned if the table cannot be created.
+.L ref
+is a pointer to a reference hash table that provides
+default values for unspecified information.
+The new hash table and
+.L ref
+share the same root information.
+If
+.L ref
+is
+.L NULL
+then new root information is created for the new table.
+The remaining arguments appear in
+.I op-arg
+pairs, followed by a final
+.L 0
+argument.
+The
+.I op-arg
+pairs are:
+.RS
+.TP
+.L "HASH_alloc, (char(*)()) alloc"
+.L alloc
+is a function that is called to process
+.L Hash_bucket_t
+.L value
+assignments.
+The single argument is
+.L "char* value"
+and the processed
+.L char*
+value is returned.
+.TP
+.L "HASH_clear, int flags"
+.L flags
+are the
+.L ref
+flags to be cleared in the new hash table.
+See
+.L HASH_set
+below.
+.TP
+.L "HASH_compare, (int(*)()) compare"
+Specifies an alternate
+.I key
+comparison function.
+The arguments and return value for
+.L compare
+are the same as for
+.IR strncmp (3)
+if
+.L HASH_namesize
+is specified and
+.IR strcmp (3)
+otherwise.
+The first argument is the 
+.I key
+from the current hash bucket on the 
+.I "collision chain"
+and the second argument is the user supplied 
+.IR key .
+.TP
+.L "HASH_free, (int(*)()) free"
+.L free
+is a function that is called when a hash bucket is freed.
+If
+.L HASH_BUCKET
+was set in
+.L hashalloc
+then the hash bucket pointer is passed, otherwise the bucket
+.L value 
+pointer is passed.
+.TP
+.L "HASH_hash, (int(*)()) hash"
+Specifies an alternate
+.I key
+hash function.
+A
+.L char*
+key argument (and, if
+.L HASH_namesize
+is specified, an
+.L int
+key size argument) is passed to
+.LR hash .
+The return value must be a non-negative
+.LR int .
+.TP
+.L "HASH_meanchain, int meanchain"
+Specifies the mean collision chain length.
+The hash table is automatically resized when this value is exceeded.
+The default mean chain length is 2.
+.TP
+.L "HASH_name, char* name"
+Associates
+.L name
+with the hash table.
+Used by
+.LR hashdump) .
+.TP
+.L "HASH_namesize, int namesize"
+The fixed size in bytes for
+.I keys
+in the table.
+If
+.L namesize
+is 0 (the default) then the
+.I keys
+are interpreted as null-terminated strings.
+.TP
+.L "HASH_set, int flags"
+Changes the hash table flags by
+.IR or ing
+in
+.LR flags .
+The flags, which may be 
+.IR or ed
+together, are:
+.RS
+.TP
+.L HASH_ALLOCATE
+Keys for new hash table entries are to be copied to data areas obtained from
+.IR malloc (3).
+.TP
+.L HASH_FIXED
+Fixes the hash table size, disabling any automatic table resizing.
+.TP
+.L HASH_SCOPE
+The new hash table is a scope that is to be pushed on top of
+.LR ref .
+.L ref
+must be
+.RL non- NULL .
+.RE
+.TP
+.L "HASH_va_list, va_list ap"
+.L ap
+is a
+.L va_list
+variable argument list pointer
+(see
+.LR <stdarg.h> ).
+.RE
+.TP
+.L "Hash_table_t* hashfree(Hash_table_t* tab)"
+The hash table
+.L tab
+is freed.
+The scope covered table pointer is returned,
+.L NULL
+if
+.L tab
+is not a scope.
+.TP
+.L "char* hashlook(Hash_table_t* tab, char* name, int flags, char* value)"
+Operates on the key
+.L name
+in the hash table
+.L tab
+according to
+.L flags
+and 
+.LR value .
+A
+.L Hash_bucket_t
+pointer is returned unless otherwise noted.
+There are three basic lookup operations:
+.RS
+.TP
+.L HASH_CREATE
+.L name
+is entered into the top level scope if it does not already exist.
+If
+.L name
+also appears in a lower scope and
+.L HASH_ALLOC
+is set for the table then the new bucket will share the
+.L name
+field value with the lower scope.
+.TP
+.L HASH_DELETE
+.L name
+is deleted from the top level scope if it exists.
+.L NULL
+is returned.
+.TP
+.L HASH_LOOKUP
+The scopes are searched in order from top to bottom for
+.L name .
+The bucket pointer for the first occurrence is returned.
+.L NULL
+is returned if
+.L name
+is not found.
+.RE
+The basic operations may be qualified by the following
+(the qualifiers are restricted to the basic operations in
+the parenthesized list):
+.RS
+.TP
+.L "HASH_BUCKET (HASH_CREATE,HASH_DELETE,HASH_LOOKUP)"
+.L name
+is a pointer to a bucket that has already been entered into the table.
+.TP
+.L "HASH_FIXED (HASH_CREATE)"
+.L value
+is taken to be the size of the hash bucket to be created for
+.L name
+in the top level scope.
+The minimum bucket size is silently restricted to
+.LR sizeof(Hash_header_t) .
+.TP
+.L "HASH_INSTALL (HASH_CREATE)"
+.L name
+is a pointer to a bucket that has not been entered into the table.
+.TP
+.L "HASH_NOSCOPE (HASH_LOOKUP)"
+The lookup is restricted to the top level scope.
+.TP
+.L "HASH_OPAQUE (HASH_CREATE,HASH_DELETE)"
+Sets
+.L (HASH_CREATE)
+or clears
+.L (HASH_DELETE)
+the
+.I opaque
+property for the bucket.
+An opaque bucket is not visible in lower scopes.
+.TP
+.L "HASH_SCOPE (HASH_CREATE,HASH_DELETE)"
+All scopes are searched for the bucket.
+If the bucket is not found for
+.L HASH_CREATE
+then a new bucket is created in the lowest scope.
+.TP
+.L "HASH_VALUE (HASH_CREATE,HASH_LOOKUP)"
+For
+.L HASH_CREATE
+the bucket
+.L value
+field is set to
+.L value
+and the bucket
+.L name
+value is returned.
+For
+.L HASH_LOOKUP
+the bucket
+.L value 
+field is returned,
+.L NULL
+if the bucket is not found.
+.RE
+If
+.L name
+.L NULL
+then the name from the most recent
+.L hashlook()
+is used, avoiding recomputation of some internal parameters.
+.TP
+.L "char* hashget(Hash_table_t* tab, char* name)"
+Returns the value
+associated with the key
+.L name
+in the hash table
+.LR tab .
+If
+.L name
+is
+.L NULL
+then the name from the most recent
+.L hashget()
+is used, avoiding recomputation of some internal parameters.
+.L NULL
+is returned if
+.L name
+is not in the table.
+All scope covered tables are searched.
+.TP
+.L "Hash_bucket_t* hashlast(Hash_table_t* tab)"
+Returns a pointer to the most recent hash bucket for
+.LR tab .
+The value is set by
+.LR hashlook() ,
+.L hashscan()
+and
+.LR hashwalk() .
+.TP
+.L "char* hashput(Hash_table_t* tab, char* name, char* value)"
+Set the value of the key
+.L name
+to
+.L value
+in the top level scope of the hash table
+.LR tab .
+.L name
+is entered into the top level scope if necessary.
+The (possibly re-allocated) key name pointer is returned
+(see
+.LR HASH_ALLOCATE ).
+If
+.L name
+is 0 then the most recent lookup
+.L name
+to
+.L hashlook()
+or
+.L hashget()
+is used.
+This eliminates a re-hash and re-lookup of
+.LR name .
+.TP
+.L "int hashwalk(Hash_table_t* tab, int flags, (int(*)()) walker, char* handle)"
+The function
+.L walker
+is applied to each entry (not covered by a scope starting at
+.LR tab )
+in the hash table
+.LR tab .
+If
+.L flags
+is 
+.L HASH_NOSCOPE
+then only the top level hash table is used, otherwise the walk includes
+all scope covered tables.
+.L walker
+is called with
+.L char*
+.I key
+as the first argument,
+.L char*
+.I value
+as the second argument, and
+.L char*
+.I handle
+as the third argument.
+.I handle
+may be
+.LR 0 .
+The walk terminates after the last entry or when
+.L walker
+returns a negative value.
+The return value of the last call to
+.L walker
+is returned.
+Only one walk may be active within a collection of scoped tables.
+.TP
+.L "Hash_position_t* hashscan(Hash_table_t* tab, int flags)"
+Returns a
+.L Hash_position_t
+pointer for a sequential scan on the hash table
+.LR tab .
+If
+.L flags
+is 
+.L HASH_NOSCOPE
+then only the top level hash table is used, otherwise the scan includes
+all scope covered tables.
+Only one scan may be active within a collection of scoped tables.
+.L hashdone()
+must be called to terminate the scan.
+.L 0
+is returned on error.
+.TP
+.L "Hash_bucket_t* hashnext(Hash_position_t* pos)"
+Returnes a pointer to the next bucket in the sequential scan set up by
+.L hashscan()
+on
+.LR pos .
+If no elements remain then
+.L 0
+is returned.
+.TP
+.L "void hashdone(Hash_position_t* pos)"
+Completes a scan initiated by 
+.L hashscan()
+on 
+.LR pos .
+.TP
+.L "int hashset(Hash_table_t* tab, int flags)"
+Sets the flags for the hash table
+.L tab
+by
+.IR or ing
+in
+.LR flags .
+Only
+.L HASH_ALLOCATE
+and
+.L HASH_FIXED
+may be set.
+.TP
+.L "int hashclear(Hash_table_t* tab, int flags)"
+Clears the flags for the hash table
+.L tab
+by masking out
+.LR flags .
+Only
+.L HASH_ALLOCATE
+and
+.L HASH_FIXED
+may be cleared.
+.TP
+.L "void hashdump(Hash_table_t* tab, int flags)"
+Dumps hash table accounting info to standard error.
+If
+.L tab
+is 
+.L NULL
+then all allocated hash tables are dumped, otherwise only information on
+.L tab
+is dumped.
+If
+.L flags
+is 
+.L HASH_BUCKET
+then the hash bucket
+.I key-value
+pairs for each collision chain are also dumped.
+.TP
+.L "void hashsize(Hash_table_t* tab, int size)"
+Changes the size of the hash table
+.L tab
+to
+.L size
+where
+.L size
+must be a power of 2.
+Explicit calls to this routine are not necessary as hash tables
+are automatically resized.
+.TP
+.L "int strhash(char* name)"
+Hashes the null terminated character string
+.L name
+using a linear congruent pseudo-random number generator algorithm
+and returns a non-negative
+.L int
+hash value.
+.TP
+.L "int memhash(char* buf, int siz)"
+Hashes the buffer
+.L buf
+of
+.L siz
+bytes using a linear congruent pseudo-random number generator algorithm
+and returns a non-negative
+.L int
+hash value.
+.TP
+.L "long strsum(char* name, long sum)"
+Returns a running 31-bit checksum of the string
+.L name
+where
+.L sum
+is
+.L 0
+on the first call and
+the return value from a previous
+.L memsum
+or
+.L strsum
+call otherwise.
+The checksum value is consistent across all implementations.
+.TP
+.L "long memsum(char* buf, int siz, long sum)"
+Returns a running 31-bit checksum of buffer
+.L buf
+of
+.L siz
+bytes where
+.L sum
+is
+.L 0
+on the first call and
+the return value from a previous
+.L memsum
+or
+.L strsum
+call otherwise.
+The checksum value is consistent across all implementations.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+sum(1)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/iblocks.3

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: iblocks.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:08:38 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH IBLOCKS 3
+.SH NAME
+iblocks \- compute number file blocks used
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <ls.h>
+
+long     _iblocks(struct stat* \fIst\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L _iblocks
+returns the number of blocks used by the file whose
+.IR stat (2)
+information is pointed to by
+.IR st .
+The count includes both data and indirect blocks.
+.PP
+This routine is used by
+.B <ls.h>
+on system without the
+.LI "struct stat" st_blocks
+field.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+ls(1), stat(2)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/int.3

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: int.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:08:50 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de LI
+.}S 5 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH INT 3
+.SH NAME
+int \- integral type macros
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <int.h>
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+This header defines macros for the local integral types.
+.LR int_1 ,
+.LR int_2
+and
+.L int_4
+are always defined to integral types with a size of
+1, 2 and 4 bytes respectively.
+The macros
+.LI int_ n
+where
+.I n
+is a power of 2 greater than 4 are defined if the type is supported.
+.L int_max
+is defined to be the largest support integral type.
+.L int_swap
+is the
+.IR swap (3)
+operation that converts a local
+.L int
+to canonical big-endian representation.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+swap(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/magic.3

@@ -0,0 +1,472 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: magic.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:09:03 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de LI
+.}S 5 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH MAGIC 3
+.SH NAME
+magic \- magic file interface
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <magic.h>
+
+Magic_t*  magicopen(unsigned long \fIflags\fP);
+void      magicclose(Magic_t* \fImagic\fP);
+
+int       magicload(Magic_t* \fImagic\fP, const char* \fIpath\fP, unsigned long \fIflags\fP);
+int       magiclist(Magic_t* \fImagic\fP, Sfio_t* \fIsp\fP);
+
+char*     magictype(Magic_t* \fImagic\fP, const char* \fIpath\fP, struct stat* \fIst\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These routines provide an interface to the
+.IR file (1)
+command magic file.
+.L magicopen
+returns a magic session handle that is passed to all of the other routines.
+.I flags 
+may be
+.TP
+.L MAGIC_PHYSICAL
+Don't follow symbolic links.
+.TP
+.L MAGIC_STAT
+The stat structure
+.I st
+passed to
+.I magictype
+will contain valid
+.I stat (2)
+information.
+See
+.L magictype
+below.
+.TP
+.L MAGIC_VERBOSE
+Enable verbose error messages.
+.PP
+.L magicclose
+closes the magic session.
+.PP
+.L magicload
+loads the magic file named by
+.I path
+into the magic session.
+.I flags
+are the same as with 
+.LR magicopen .
+More than one magic file can be loaded into a session;
+the files are searched in load order.
+If
+.I path
+is 
+.L 0
+then the default magic file is loaded.
+.PP
+.L magiclist
+lists the magic file contents on the
+.IR sfio (3)
+stream
+.IR sp .
+This is used for debugging magic entries.
+.PP
+.L magictype
+returns the type string for
+.I path
+with optional
+.IR stat (2)
+information
+.IR st .
+If
+.I "st == 0"
+then
+.L magictype
+calls
+.L stat
+on a private stat buffer,
+else if
+.L magicopen
+was called with the
+.L MAGIC_STAT
+flag then
+.I st
+is assumed to contain valid stat information, otherwise
+.L magictype
+calls 
+.L stat
+on
+.IR st .
+.L magictype
+always returns a valid string.
+If errors are encounterd on
+.I path
+then the return value will contain information on those errors, e.g.,
+.LR "cannot stat" .
+.SH FORMAT
+The magic file format is a backwards compatible extension of an
+ancient System V file implementation.
+However, with the extended format it is possible to write a single
+magic file that works on all platforms.
+Most of the net magic files floating around work with
+.LR magic ,
+but they usually double up on 
+.I le
+and
+.I be
+entries that are automatically handled by
+.LR magic .
+.PP
+A magic file entry describes a procedure for determining a single file type
+based on the file pathname,
+.I stat (2)
+information, and the file data.
+An entry is a sequence of lines, each line being a record of
+.I space
+separated fields.
+The general record format is:
+.EX
+[op]offset type [mask]expression description
+.EE
+.L #
+in the first column introduces a comment.
+The first record in an entry contains no
+.LR op ;
+the remaining records for an entry contain an
+.LR op .
+Integer constants are as in C:
+.L 0x*
+or
+.L 0X*
+for hexadecimal,
+.L 0*
+for octal and decimal otherwise.
+.PP
+The
+.L op
+field may be one of:
+.TP
+.L +
+The previous records must match but the current record is optional.
+.L >
+is an old-style synonym for
+.LR + .
+.TP
+.L &
+The previous and current records must match.
+.TP
+.L {
+Starts a nesting block that is terminated by
+.LR } .
+A nesting block pushes a new context for the
+.L +
+and
+.L &
+ops.
+The
+.L {
+and
+.L }
+records have no other fields.
+.TP
+\fIid\f5{\fR
+A function declaration and call for the single character identifier
+.IR id .
+The function return is a nesting block end record
+.LR } .
+Function may be redefined.
+Functions have no arguments or return value.
+.TP
+\fIid\f5()\fR
+A call to the function
+.IR id .
+.PP
+The
+.L offset
+field is either the offset into the data upon which the current entry operates
+or a file metadata identifier.
+Offsets are either integer constants or offset expressions.
+An offset expression is contained in (...) and is a combination of
+integral arithmetic operators and the 
+.L @
+indirection operator.
+Indirections take the form
+.LI @ integer
+where integer is the data offset for the indirection value.
+The size of the indirection value is taken either from one of the suffixes
+.LR B (byte, 1 char),
+.LR H (short, 2 chars),
+.LR L (long, 4 chars),
+pr
+.LR Q (quead, 8 chars),
+or from the
+.L type 
+field.
+Valid file metadata identifiers are:
+.TP
+.L atime
+The string representation of
+.LR stat.st_atime .
+.TP
+.L blocks
+.LR stat.st_blocks .
+.TP
+.L ctime
+The string representation of
+.LR stat.st_ctime .
+.TP
+.L fstype
+The string representation of
+.LR stat.st_fstype .
+.TP
+.L gid
+The string representation of
+.LR stat.st_gid .
+.TP
+The
+.L stat.st_mode
+file mode bits in
+.IR modecanon (3)
+canonical representation (i.e., the good old octal values).
+.TP
+.L mtime
+The string representation of
+.LR stat.st_mtime .
+.TP
+.L nlink
+.LR stat.st_nlink .
+.TP
+.L size
+.LR stat.st_size .
+.TP
+.L name
+The file path name sans directory.
+.TP
+.L uid
+The string representation of
+.LR stat.st_uid .
+.PP
+The
+.L type
+field specifies the type of the data at
+.LR offset .
+Integral types may be prefixed by
+.L le
+or
+.L be
+for specifying exact little-endian or big-endian representation,
+but the internal algorithm automatically loops through the
+standard representations to find integral matches,
+so representation prefixes are rarely used.
+However, this looping may cause some magic entry conflicts; use the
+.L le
+or
+.L be
+prefix in these cases.
+Only one representation is used for all the records in an entry.
+Valid types are:
+.TP
+.L byte
+A 1 byte integer.
+.TP
+.L short
+A 2 byte integer.
+.TP
+.L long
+A 4 byte integer.
+.TP
+.L quad
+An 8 byte integer.
+Tests on this type may fail is the local compiler does not support
+an 8 byte integral type and the corresponding value overflows 4 bytes.
+.TP
+.L date
+The data at
+.L offset
+is interpreted as a 4 byte seconds-since-the-epoch date and
+converted to a string.
+.TP
+.L edit
+The
+.L expression
+field is an
+.IR ed (1)
+style substitution expression
+\fIdel old del new del \fP [ \fI flags \fP ]
+where the substituted value is made available to the
+.L description
+field
+.L %s
+format.
+In addition to the
+.I flags
+supported by
+.IR ed (3)
+are
+.L l
+that converts the substituted value to lower case and
+.L u
+that converts the substituted value to upper case.
+If
+.I old
+does not match the string data at
+.L offset
+then the entry record fails.
+.TP
+.L match
+.L expression
+field is a
+.IR strmatch (3)
+pattern that is matched against the string data at
+.LR offset .
+.TP
+.L string
+The
+.L expression
+field is a string that is compared with the string data at
+.LR offset .
+.PP
+The optional
+.L mask
+field takes the form
+.LI & number
+where
+.I number
+is 
+.I anded
+with the integral value at
+.L offset
+before the
+.L expression
+is applied.
+.PP
+The contents of the expression field depends on the
+.LR type .
+String type expression are described in the
+.L type
+field entries above.
+.L *
+means any value and applies to all types.
+Integral
+.L type
+expression take the form [\fIoperator\fP] \fIoperand\P where 
+.I operand
+is compared with the data value at
+.L offset
+using
+.IR operator .
+.I operator 
+may be one of
+.LR < .
+.LR <= ,
+.LR == ,
+.LR >=
+or
+.LR > .
+.I operator
+defaults to
+.L ==
+if omitted.
+.I operand 
+may be an integral constant or one of the following builtin function calls:
+.TP
+.L magic()
+A recursive call to the magic algorithm starting with the data at
+.LR offset .
+.TP
+\f5loop(\fIfunction\fP,\fIoffset\fP,\fIincrement\fP)\fR
+Call 
+.I function
+starting at
+.I offset
+and increment
+.I offset
+by
+.I increment
+after each iteration.
+Iteration continues until the description text does not change.
+.PP
+The
+.L description
+field is the most important because it is this field that is presented
+to the outside world.
+When constructing description
+fields one must be very careful to follow the style layed out in the
+magic file, lest yet another layer of inconsistency creep into the system.
+The description for each matching record in an entry are concatenated
+to form the complete magic type.
+If the previous matching description in the current entry does not end with
+.I space
+and the current description is not empty and does not start with
+.I comma ,
+.I dot
+or
+.I backspace
+then a
+.I space
+is placed between the descriptions
+(most optional descriptions start with
+.IR comma .)
+The data value at 
+.L offset
+can be referenced in the description using
+.L %s
+for the string types and
+.L %ld
+or
+.L %lu
+for the integral types.
+.SH FILES
+.L ../lib/file/magic
+located on
+.L $PATH
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.EX
+0	long		0x020c0108	hp s200 executable, pure
+o{
++36	long		>0		, not stripped
++4	short		>0		, version %ld
+}
+
+0	long		0x020c0107	hp s200 executable
+o()
+
+0	long		0x020c010b	hp s200 executable, demand-load
+o()
+.EE
+The function
+.LR o() ,
+shared by 3 entries,
+determines if the executable is stripped and also extracts the version number.
+.EX
+0	long		0407		bsd 386 executable
+&mode	long		&0111!=0
++16	long		>0		, not stripped
+.EE
+This entry requires that the file also has execute permission.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+file(1), tw(1), modecanon(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/mem.3

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: mem.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:09:15 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH MEM 3
+.SH NAME
+mem \- fixed string routines
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <ast.h>
+
+void    mematoe(void* \fIout\fP, const void* \fIin\fP, size_t \fIn\fP);
+void*   memdup(const void* \fIbuf\fP, size_t \fIn\fP)
+void    memetoa(void* \fIout\fP, const void* \fIin\fP, size_t \fIn\fP);
+void*   memzero(void* \fIbuf\fP, size_t \fIn\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L mematoe
+converts
+.I n
+ASCII characters in
+.I in
+to EBCDIC characters in
+.IR out .
+.I in
+and
+.I out
+may be the same.
+.PP
+.L memdup
+copies the 
+.I n
+byte buffer
+.I buf
+to a new location provided by
+.IR malloc (3)
+and returns a pointer to the new copy.
+0 is returned if
+.IR malloc (3)
+fails.
+.PP
+.L memetoa
+converts
+.I n
+EBCDIC characters in
+.I in
+to ASCII characters in
+.IR out .
+.I in
+and
+.I out
+may be the same.
+.PP
+.L memzero
+sets the first 
+.I n
+bytes in
+.I buf
+to 
+.IR 0 .
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+Proposed Bell Laboratories ASCII/EBCDIC standard, April 16, 1979.
+.br
+str(3), vmalloc(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/modecanon.3

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: modecanon.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:09:25 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de LI
+.}S 5 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH MODECANON 3
+.SH NAME
+modecanon \- canonical file mode representation
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+#include <modex.h>
+
+int    modei(int \fIexternal\fP);
+int    modex(int \fIinternal\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+POSIX threw out the file type bit macros and replaced them with
+function-like macros that test file type.
+This is bad in many ways, the worst of which is that it provides
+no way for a user program to synthesize file types in the mode bits.
+.IR pax (1),
+.IR tar (1)
+and
+.IR cpio (1)
+are examples of user programs that must convert between the internal mode
+representation and a private external representation.
+These routines provide a canonical external representation
+with macros to access and synthesize the bits in the external
+representation.
+.PP
+.L modei
+takes an external mode representation
+.I external
+and returns the equivalent internal representation.
+.PP
+.L modex
+takes an internal mode representation
+.I internal
+and returns the equivalent external representation.
+.PP
+The traditional bit access macro (\f5S_\fP prefix changes to \f5X_\fP) are:
+.L X_IFMT ,
+.L X_IFSOCK ,
+.L X_IFLNK ,
+.L X_IFCTG ,
+.L X_IFREG ,
+.L X_IFBLK ,
+.L X_IFDIR ,
+.L X_IFCHR ,
+.L X_IFIFO ,
+.L X_IPERM ,
+.L X_ISUID ,
+.L X_ISGID ,
+.L X_ISVTX ,
+.L X_IRUSR ,
+.L X_IWUSR ,
+.L X_IXUSR ,
+.L X_IRGRP ,
+.L X_IWGRP ,
+.L X_IXGRP ,
+.L X_IROTH ,
+.L X_IWOTH ,
+.L X_IXOTH ,
+.L X_IRWXU ,
+.L X_IRWXG
+and
+.L X_IRWXO .
+.LI X_ITYPE( mode )
+returns the type bits for 
+.IR mode .
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+pax(1), stat(2)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/optget.3

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: optget.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:09:39 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH OPTGET 3
+.SH NAME
+optget \- option parse assist
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <option.h>
+
+Opt_info_t  opt_info;
+
+int     optget(char** \fIargv\fP, const char* \fIopts\fP);
+int     optjoin(char** \fIargv\fP, ... [int (*\fIoptfun\fP)(char** \fIargv\fP, int \fIlast\fP)]);
+char*   optusage(const char* \fIopts\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.SH "SEE ALSO"

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/path.3

@@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: path.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:09:52 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de LI
+.}S 5 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH PATH 3
+.SH NAME
+path \- file path routines
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <ast.h>
+
+char*     pathaccess(char* \fIpath\fP, const char* \fIdirs\fP, const char* \fIa\fP, const char* \fIb\fP, int \fImode\fP);
+char*     pathbin(void);
+char*     pathcanon(char* \fIpath\fP, int \fIflags\fP);
+char*     pathcat(char* \fIpath\fP, const char* \fIdirs\fP, int \fIsep\fP, const char* \fIa\fP, const char* \fIb\fP);
+char*     pathcd(char* \fIpath\fP, const char* \fIhome\fP);
+int       pathcheck(const char* \fIpackage\fP, const char* \fItool\fP, Pathcheck_t* \fIpc\fP);
+int       pathgetlink(const char* \fIname\fP, char* \fIbuf\fP, int \fIsiz\fP);
+char*     pathkey(char* \fIkey\fP, char* \fIattr\fP, const char* \fIlang\fP, const char* \fIpath\fP);
+char*     pathnext(char* \fIpath\fP, char* \fIextra\fP, long* \fIvisits\fP);
+char*     pathpath(char* \fIpath\fP, const char* \fIp\fP, const char* \fIa\fP, int \fImode\fP);
+char*     pathprobe(char* \fIpath\fP, char* \fIattr\fP, const char* \fIlang\fP, const char* \fItool\fP, const char* \fIproc\fP, int \fIop\fP);
+char*     pathrepl(char* \fIpath\fP, const char* \fImatch\fP, const char* \fIreplace\fP);
+int       pathsetlink(const char* \fItext\fP, char* \fIname\fP);
+char*     pathshell(void);
+int       pathstat(const char* \fIpath\fP, struct stat* \fIst\fP);
+char*     pathtemp(char* \fIpath\fP, const char* \fIdir\fP, const char* \fIpfx\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These routines operate on file path names.
+Path buffers are assumed to be of size
+.LR PATH_MAX .
+.L <ast.h>
+always defines
+.LR PATH_MAX ,
+even if it indeterminant on the local system.
+Yes, this was probably a bad choice, but it was made about 10 years ago.
+We will probably move to a <stk.h> based implementation.
+.PP
+.L pathaccess
+constructs a path in
+.L path
+to the file
+.L a/b
+with access
+.L mode
+using the
+.L :
+separated directories in 
+.IR dirs .
+Both
+.I a
+and
+.I b
+may be
+.LR 0 .
+.L mode
+is the inclusive-or of:
+.TP
+.L F_OK
+File exists.
+.TP
+.L R_OK
+Read permission on file.
+.TP
+.L W_OK
+Write permission on file.
+.TP
+.L X_OK
+Execute permission on file.
+.TP
+.L PATH_REGULAR
+A regular file.
+.TP
+.L PATH_ABSOLUTE
+Generated path name is rooted at
+.LR / .
+.I path 
+is returned, 0 on error.
+.PP
+.L pathbin
+returns a pointer to the 
+.L :
+separated list of directories to search for executable commands.
+The
+.L PATH
+environment variable is first consulted.
+If not defined then
+.L confstr(_CS_PATH,...)
+is used.
+A valid string is always returned.
+.PP
+.L pathcanon
+canonicalizes the path
+.I path
+in place.
+A pointer to the trailing 0 in the canonicalized path is returned.
+A canonical path has:
+redundant 
+.L .
+and
+.L /
+removed;
+.L ..
+moved to the front;
+.L /..
+preserved for super root hacks;
+.L ...
+resolved if
+.IR fs3d (3)
+is enabled.
+.I flags is the inclusive-or of:
+.TP
+.L PATH_DOTDOT
+Each
+.L ..
+is checked for access.
+.TP
+.L PATH_EXISTS
+Path must exist at each component.
+.TP
+.L PATH_PHYSICAL
+Symbolic links are resolved at each component.
+.PP
+0 is returned on error.
+If an error occurs and either of
+.L PATH_DOTDOT
+or
+.L PATH_EXISTS 
+is set then
+.I path
+will contain the components following the failure point.
+.PP
+.L pathcat
+concatenates the first
+.I sep
+separated path component in
+.I dirs
+with the path components
+.I a
+and
+.I b
+into
+.LR path .
+The path is constructed in
+.I path
+by separating each path component with
+.IR / .
+Both
+.I a
+and
+.I b
+may be
+.LR 0 .
+A pointer to the next
+.I sep
+separated component in
+.I dirs
+is returned,
+.L 0
+when there are no more components.
+.L pathcat
+is used by
+.LR pathaccess .
+.PP
+.L pathcd
+sets the current working directory to
+.I path
+via
+.IR chdir (2).
+If
+.I path
+is longer than
+.L PATH_MAX
+then it is split up into a sequence of relative paths and
+.I chdir
+is called on each of these.
+For any given system, if you got to a directory, then 
+.L pathcd
+can get you back, modulo permission and link changes.
+.PP
+.L pathcheck
+is a stub for license libraries.
+See
+.IR license (3).
+.PP
+.L pathgetlink
+returns the 0-terminated symbolic link text for
+.I path
+in the buffer
+.I bu
+of size
+.IR siz .
+The link text length is returned on success, \-1 on error.
+Weird
+.I universe (1)
+interactions with dynamic symbolic links are handled
+by converting non-standard dynamic link text to
+.LI .../$( UNIVERSE )/...
+.L pathsetsymlink
+converts in the other direction.
+.PP
+.L pathkey
+generates in 
+.I key
+a 14 character lookup key (plus terminating 0) for the language
+.I lang
+processor in
+.IR path .
+A poihter to the key is returned, 0 on error.
+If
+.I "key == 0"
+then space is allocated via
+.IR malloc (3).
+Key specific attribute
+.I name=value
+pairs are copied into
+.I attr
+if
+.IR "attr != 0" .
+.PP
+.L pathpath
+constructs in
+.I path
+a path to
+.I p
+with
+.IR access (2)
+mode
+.I mode
+using the directories from
+.LR pathbin() .
+If \fIa != 0\fP then
+.IR a ,
+.IR argv [0]
+(if available via
+.IR optget (3)),
+and the
+.L _
+environment variable (set by
+.IR ksh (1) )
+are used for related root searching.
+If 
+.I p
+also contains a 
+.L /
+then
+.I ../p
+is searched for.
+.PP
+.L pathprobe
+generates in
+.I path
+the full path name of the
+.I tool
+specific
+.IR probe (1)
+information file for the
+.I lang
+langauge processor
+.IR proc .
+If
+.I "path == 0"
+then space is allocated via
+.IR malloc (3).
+Probe attribute
+.I name=value
+pairs are copied into
+.I attr
+if
+.IR "attr != 0" .
+.I op
+may be one of:
+.TP
+.B \-1
+return the path name with no access checks or generation
+.TP
+.B 0
+message emitted information must be generated via
+.IR probe (1)
+.TP
+.B 1
+no message emitted information must be probed via
+.IR probe (1)
+.PP
+0 is returned if the information does not exist and cannot be generated.
+.PP
+.L pathrepl
+does an in-place replacement of the first occurrence of
+.I /match/
+with
+.I /replace/
+in
+.IR path .
+.PP
+.L pathsetlink
+creates a symbolic link
+.I text
+in the path
+.IR name .
+See
+.L pathgetlink
+above for weird
+.IR universe (1)
+interactions hidden by this routine.
+.PP
+.L pathshell
+returns a pointer to the pathname for the shell for the current process.
+The
+.L SHELL
+environment variable is first consulted, but is rejected under suspicious
+ownership/setuid conditions of if it seems to point to
+.IR csh (1) ;
+otherwise
+.L confstr(_CS_SHELL,...)
+is used.
+A valid string is always returned.
+.PP
+.L pathstat
+first tries
+.LI stat( path,st )
+and if that fails it tries
+.LI lstat( path,st ).
+The
+.L stat
+or
+.L lstat
+return value is returned.
+.PP
+.L pathtemp
+generates in
+.I path
+a temporary file path name of the form
+.I dir/pfx<pid>.<suf>
+where the length of
+.IR pfx ,
+if !=0, is limited to 5, the length of
+.I <pid>
+(the base 64 representation of the current process id)
+is limited to 3, and 
+.I <suf>
+(an internally generated suffix that avoid file confilicts)
+is limited to 3.
+The generated path name conforms to the classic UNIX 14 char and the DOS
+.LR 8.3
+limitations.
+Both 
+.I dir
+and
+.I pfx
+may be
+.LR 0 .
+.IR access (2)
+is used to avoid file conflicts but the generated path name is not created,
+so you could lose in a race.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+3d(1), access(2), confstr(3), fs3d(3), lstat(2), stat(2)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/preroot.3

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: preroot.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:10:08 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH PREROOT 3
+.SH NAME
+preroot \- preroot support
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <preroot.h>
+
+char*    getpreroot(char* \fIpath\fP, char* \fIcmd\fP);
+int      ispreroot(char* \fIdir\fP);
+int      realopen(char* \fIpath\fP, int \fImode\fP, int \fIperm\fP);
+void     setpreroot(char** \fIargv\fP, char* \fIdir\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.I preroot
+routines manipulate the process preroot.
+.I preroot
+is a kernel supported per-process two level viewpath.
+All pathnames rooted at
+.L /
+are first searched for in the process preroot directory
+and then in the system root directory.
+Setting the process preroot is a priveleged operation controlled by the
+.IR /etc/preroot (1)
+command.
+.PP
+.L <preroot.h>
+defines the symbol
+.B FS_PREROOT
+for those systems that support preroot.
+The following routines are valid only when
+.B FS_PREROOT
+is defined:
+.TP
+.L getpreroot
+returns a pointer to the absolute pathname of the preroot directory
+for the executable
+.IR cmd .
+The result is placed in
+.IR path .
+If
+.I path
+is
+.B 0
+then
+.IR malloc (3)
+is used to allocate the pathname space.
+.B 0
+is returned if
+.I cmd
+has no preroot or if an error was encountered.
+In this case
+.I errno
+is set to indicate the error.
+.TP
+.L ispreroot
+Non-zero is returned if 
+.I dir
+is the current process preroot.
+If 
+.I dir
+is
+.B 0
+then non-zero is returned if the current process has a preroot.
+.TP
+.L realopen
+temporarily disables the process preroot and does an
+.IR open (3)
+relative to the system root directory.
+The return value from
+.I open
+is returned.
+If there is no preroot then
+.I realopen
+is equivalent to
+.IR open .
+.TP
+.L setpreroot
+calls
+.IR execvp (3)
+as
+.L "execvp(a\fIrgv\fP[0],\fIargv\fP)"
+with the process preroot set to
+.IR dir .
+.I argv
+must be a
+.BR 0 -terminated
+argument array.
+If 
+.I argv
+is
+.B 0
+then the value of
+.I opt_argv
+from
+.IR optget (3)
+is used.
+.L setpreroot
+returns immediately if
+.I dir
+is already the process preroot.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+/etc/preroot(1)
+.SH BUGS
+Preroot semantics should be preserved when reading directories.
+The
+.I ast
+.IR directory (3)
+routines do this.
+.IR 3d (1)
+viewpathing does 
+.I preroot
+the right way.

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/proc.3

@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: proc.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:10:21 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH PROC 3
+.SH NAME
+proc \- process control routines
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <proc.h>
+
+Proc_t* procopen(const char* \fIcommand\fP, char** \fIargv\fP, char** \fIenvv\fP, long* \fIopv\fP, long \fIflags\fP);
+int procfree(Proc_t* \fIproc\fP);
+int procclose(Proc_t* \fIproc\fP);
+int procrun(const char* \fIcommand\fP, char** \fIargv\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These routines provide a portable interface to process creation and execution.
+They work on systems with
+.IR fork (2)
+and
+.IR exec (2)
+as well as on systems with only
+.IR spawnve (2)
+or
+.IR spanwveg (3).
+.PP
+.L procopen
+runs
+.I command
+with arguments
+.IR argv ,
+environment modifications in
+.IR envv ,
+file descriptor, signal and process group operations in
+.I opv
+and flags in
+.IR flags .
+.PP
+.I command
+is searched for using the 
+.L PATH
+environment variable from the calling environment.
+If
+.I command
+is 
+.L 0
+then the current shell is used (see
+.IR pathshell (3)).
+If
+.I envv
+is not
+.L 0
+then it is a 
+.L 0
+terminated vector of
+\fIname\fP[=\fIvalue\fP]
+strings that are added to the
+.I command
+environment using
+.IR setenviron (3).
+If
+.I name
+appears in the parent environment then its value is replaced with the new
+.IR value .
+If
+.RI = value
+is omitted then
+.I name
+is removed from the child environment.
+The
+.L _
+environment variable is set to contain the pathname for
+.I command
+and will appear at the top of the child environment.
+.PP
+If
+.I opv
+is not 
+.L 0
+then it is a 0 terminaled vector of operations to perform.
+In the following
+.I context
+is a combination of
+.L PROC_FD_CHILD
+and
+.L PROC_FD_PARENT
+for the child and parent process context respectively.
+Valid operations are:
+.TP
+\f5PROC_FD_CLOSE(\fIfd\fP,\fIcontext\fP)\fR
+The file descriptor
+.I fd
+is closed in
+.IR context .
+.TP
+\f5PROC_FD_DUP(\fIfrom\fP,\fIto\fP,\fIcontext\fP)\fR
+The file descriptor
+.I from
+is 
+.IR dup (2)'d
+into the file descriptor
+.I to
+in
+.IR context .
+.TP
+\f5PROC_SIG_DFL(\fIsig\fP)\fR
+The signal handler for
+.I sig
+is set to
+.L SIG_DFL
+in the child context.
+.TP
+\f5PROC_SIG_IGN(\fIsig\fP)\fR
+The signal handler for
+.I sig
+is set to
+.L SIG_IGN
+in the child context.
+.TP
+\f5PROC_SYS_PGRP(\fIpgid\fP)\fR
+The child process group is set to
+.IR pgid .
+.I pgid 
+may have the following values:
+.TP
+.L <0
+The child process becomes a session leader.
+.TP
+.L 0
+The child process is in the parent process group.
+.TP
+.L 1
+The child process becomes a process group leader.
+.TP
+.L >1
+The child process joins the process group
+.IR pgid .
+.TP
+\f5PROC_SYS_UMASK(\fImask\fP)\fR
+The child process group file creation mask is set to
+.IR mask .
+.PP
+.I flags
+is the inclusive-or of the following:
+.TP
+.L PROC_ARGMOD
+.I "argv[-1]"
+and
+.I "argv[0]"
+may be modified.
+This is an optimization that avoids an environment vector
+.I realloc(3)
+when
+.I command
+is a shell script.
+.TP
+.L PROC_BACKGROUND
+Standard shell 
+.L &
+setup is done for the child process.
+.TP
+.L PROC_CLEANUP
+Parent process redirection file discriptors are closed on error.
+.TP
+.L PROC_DAEMON
+Standard daemon setup is done for the child process.
+.TP
+.L PROC_ENVCLEAR
+The child environment is cleared before
+.I envv
+is added.
+.TP
+.L PROC_GID
+The child effective group id is set to the real group id.
+.TP
+.L PROC_IGNORE
+Parent pipe errors are ignored.
+.TP
+.L PROC_OVERLAY
+The current process is overlayed by
+.I command
+if possible
+(i.e., the
+.IR fork (2)
+call is omitted).
+.TP
+.L PROC_PARANOID
+Paranoid:
+.I command
+is searched using the default standard
+.LR PATH ;
+the child environment variable
+.L PATH
+is set to the default standard;
+the
+.L PROC_GID
+and
+.L PROC_UID
+modes are set;
+only
+.L /bin/sh
+is used to execute
+.I command
+if it is a shell script.
+.TP
+.L PROC_PRIVELEGED
+If the effective user id is
+.L 0
+then the child real user id is set to 
+.L 0
+and the child real group id is set to the effective group id.
+.TP
+.L PROC_READ
+.I proc.rfd
+is connected to
+.IR command 's
+standard output.
+.TP
+.L PROC_SESSION
+The child process becomes a session group leader.
+(Equivalent to the
+.I opv
+entry
+.LR PROC_SYS_PGRP(-1) .)
+.TP
+.L PROC_UID
+The child effective user id is set to the real user id.
+.TP
+.L PROC_WRITE
+.I proc.wfd
+is connected to
+.IR commands 's
+standard input.
+.PP
+The return value is a pointer to a structure with the following members:
+.TP
+.L "pid_t \fIpid\fP"
+The child process id.
+.TP
+.L "pid_t \fIpgrp\fP"
+The child process group.
+.TP 
+.L "int \fIrfd\fP"
+A read file descriptor connected to
+.IR command 's
+standard output.
+.TP
+.L "int \fIwfd\fP"
+A write file descriptor connected to
+.IR command 's
+standard input.
+.PP
+If an error occurs then
+.L 0
+is returned.
+.PP
+.L procclose
+waits for the process
+.I proc
+to complete and then closes the command stream
+.IR proc .
+The command exit status is returned.
+.L -1
+is returned if the child portion of
+.L procopen
+failed.
+.PP
+.L procfree
+frees the process stream without waiting for
+.I command
+to complete.
+Presumably some other mechanism will be used to wait for
+.IR proc.pid .
+.PP
+.L procrun
+combines 
+.L procopen
+and 
+.L procclose
+with the flags
+.L PROC_GID|PROC_UID
+and returns the command exit status.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+popen(3), sfpopen(3), spawnveg(3), system(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/re.3

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: re.3 /main/3 1995/11/01 17:47:14 rswiston $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de LI
+.}S 5 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH RE 3
+.SH NAME
+recomp, reexec, ressub, refree, reerror \(mi regular expression library
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <re.h>
+
+Re_program_t* recomp(char* \fIpattern\fP, int \fIflags\fP);
+int reexec(Re_program_t* \fIre\fP, char* \fIsource\fP);
+void ressub(Re_program_t* \fIre\fP, Sfio_t* \fIsp\fP, char* \fIold\fP, char* \fInew\fP, int \fIflags\fP);
+void reerror(char* \fImessage\fP);
+void refree(Re_program_t* \fIre\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L recomp
+compiles a regular expression in
+.I pattern
+and returns a pointer to the compiled regular expression.
+The space is allocated by
+.IR malloc (3)
+and may be released by
+.LR refree .
+Regular expressions are as in
+.IR egrep (1)
+except that newlines are treated as ordinary
+characters and
+.L $
+matches the end of a null-terminated string.
+.I flags
+may be
+.L RE_EDSTYLE
+which specifies
+.IR ed (1)
+style special characters,
+.LR \e( ,
+.LR \e) ,
+.LR \e? ,
+.L \e+
+and
+.L \e|
+for the
+.IR egrep (1)
+.LR ( ,
+.LR ) ,
+.LR ? ,
+.L +
+and
+.LR | ,
+respectively.
+.PP
+.L reexec
+matches the null-terminated
+.I source
+string against the compiled regular expression
+.I re
+from a previous call to
+.LR recomp .
+If it matches,
+.L reexec
+returns a non-zero value.
+If
+.I flags
+is
+.L RE_MATCH
+then the array
+.I re\->match
+is filled with character pointers to the substrings of
+.I source
+that correspond to the
+parenthesized subexpressions of 
+.IR pattern :
+.I re\->match[i].sp
+points to the beginning and
+.I re\->match[i].ep
+points just beyond
+the end of substring
+.IR i .
+(Subexpression
+.I i
+begins at the
+.IR i th
+matched left parenthesis, counting from 1.)
+Pointers in
+.I re\->match[0]
+pick out the substring that corresponds to
+the entire regular expression.
+Unused elements of
+.I re\->match
+are filled with zeros.
+Matches involving
+.LR * ,
+.LR + ,
+and 
+.L ?
+are extended as far as possible.
+A maximum of 9 subexpressions will be matched.
+The structure of elements of
+.I re\->match 
+is:
+.nf
+.ta 8n
+	typedef struct
+	{
+		char* sp;
+		char* ep;
+	} rematch;
+.fi
+.LP
+.L ressub
+places in the
+.IR sfio (3)
+stream
+.I sp
+a substitution instance of
+.I old
+to
+.I new
+in
+.I source
+in the context of the last
+.L reexec
+performed on
+.IR re\->match .
+Each instance of
+.LI \e n ,
+where
+.I n
+is a digit, is replaced by the
+string delimited by
+.LI re\->match[ n ].sp
+and
+.LI re\->match[ n ].ep .
+Each instance of 
+.L &
+is replaced by the string delimited by
+.I re\->match[0].sp
+and
+.IR re\->match[0].ep .
+If
+.L RE_ALL
+is set in
+.I flags
+then all occurrences of
+.I old
+are replaced by
+.IR new .
+If
+.L RE_LOWER
+.RL [ RE_UPPER ]
+is set in
+.I flags
+then
+.I old
+is converted to lower [upper] case.
+.LP
+.L reerror,
+called whenever an error is detected in
+.L recomp,
+.L reexec,
+or
+.L ressub,
+writes the string
+.I msg
+on the standard error file and exits.
+.L reerror
+may be replaced to perform
+special error processing.
+.SH DIAGNOSTICS
+.L recomp
+returns 0 for an invalid expression or other failure.
+.L reexec
+returns 1 if
+.I source
+is accepted, 0 otherwise.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+ed(1), grep(1), expr(1)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/setenviron.3

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: setenviron.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:10:49 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH LIBAST 3
+.SH NAME
+setenviron \- set environment value
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <ast.h>
+
+char*     setenviron(const char* \fIkey\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L setenviron
+controls environment
+.I name=value
+pairs.
+.L setenviron("\fIname=value\fP")
+adds
+.I name
+to the environment and returns a pointer to a
+.IR strdup (3)
+copy of
+.IR name=value .
+.L setenviron("\fIname\fP")
+removes
+.I name
+from the environment and returns the empty string.
+.L setenviron(0)
+reserves a few slots in an internal array and is usually called by
+a parent process that expects many children.
+0 is returned on error.
+.L setenviron
+preserves the
+.IR ksh (1)
+convention of
+.L _
+as the first environment variable name.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+env(1), exec(2)
+.SH BUGS
+POSIX will eventually settle on an interface.
+It has already picked a few of the names we did in .2 drafts.
+This is about the third name change for ours.

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/sfdisc.3

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: sfdisc.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:10:58 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de LI
+.}S 5 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH SFDISC 3
+.SH NAME
+sfdisc \- some common sfio disciplines
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <sfdisc.h>
+
+typedef int (*Sf_key_lookup_t)(void* \fIhandle\fP, const char* \fIname\fP, const char* \fIop\fP, int \fIcc\fP, char** str_\fIptr\fP, long* num_\fIptr\fP);
+typedef char* (*Sf_key_convert_t)(void* \fIhandle\fP, const char* \fIname\fP, const char* \fIop\fP, int \fIcc\fP, char* str_\fIvalue\fP, long num_\fIvalue\fP);
+
+int    sfkeyprintf(Sfio_t* \fIsp\fP, void* \fIhandle\fP, const char* \fIformat\fP, Sf_key_lookup_t \fIlookup\fP, Sf_key_convert_t \fIconvert\fP);
+
+int    sflowio(Sfio_t* \fIsp\fP);
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L sfkeyprintf
+provides support for
+.IR sfio (3)
+.LI %( keyword [[:;=] op ])
+printf formatting.
+Rather than getting format values from the next argument, the
+.L "%(...)"
+style gets the format value by doing a lookup on
+.LR keyword .
+Output is written to the 
+.IR sfio (3)
+stream 
+.I sp
+under control of the
+.L printf
+format string
+.IR format .
+.I handle
+is a user supplied pointer that is passed untouched to
+the user supplied routines
+.I lookup 
+and 
+.IR convert .
+.PP
+.I lookup
+determines the value for
+.I name
+with optional information
+.I op
+and places the value either in
+.I *str_ptr
+or
+.IR *num_ptr .
+.I cc
+is the
+.L printf
+conversion character
+(e.g., 
+.LR "'s'" ,
+.LR "'d'" ,
+etc.) and may provide a hint to the
+.I name
+lookup.
+.PP
+.I convert
+is called when an format unknown conversion character
+.I cc
+is encountered.
+.I name
+is the keyword name from the format specification,
+.I op
+is the optional operation string,
+.L 0
+if not specified,
+.I str_value
+is its string value,
+.L 0
+if it is not a string,
+and
+.I num_value
+is the numeric value if
+.IR "str_value == 0" .
+.I convert
+returns a pointer to the converted string,
+.L 0
+on error.
+.PP
+.L sfkeyprintf
+supplies two operations:
+.TP
+\f5:case:\fIpattern\d1\u\fP:\fIformat\d1\u\fP:...:\fIpattern\dn\u\fP:\fIformat\dn\u\fR
+.L case
+matches the string value of
+.L keyword
+against
+.I pattern\d1\u
+through
+.IR pattern\dn\u .
+using
+.IR strmatch (3) .
+.I format\di\u
+corresponding to the first matching pattern
+.I pattern\di\u
+from the left is pushed back on to the 
+.L sfkeyprintf
+format input.
+If nothing matches then nothing is output to
+.IR sp .
+Any delimiter may appear after
+.LR case .
+.TP
+\f5:edit:\fIold\fP:\fInew\fP:\fIflags\fP[:...]
+Performs an
+.IR ed (1)-style
+substitution on the string value of
+.IR keyword .
+Multiple sets of
+.I old,new,flags
+may be specified; they are applied in order from left to right.
+In addition to the
+.I flags
+supported by
+.IR ed (3)
+are
+.L l
+that converts the substituted value to lower case and
+.L u
+that converts the substituted value to upper case.
+Any delimiter may appear after
+.LR edit .
+.PP
+.L sfslowio
+pushes an
+.IR sfio (3)
+discipline onto the stream
+.I sp
+that makes the stream interruptable.
+Read or write operations on
+.I sp
+fail with 
+.I errno
+set to
+.L EINTR
+when interrupted.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+sfio(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/sig.3

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: sig.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:11:08 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH SIG 3
+.SH NAME
+sig \- signal interface routines
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "#include <ast.h>"
+.L "#include <sig.h>"
+.sp
+.L "int sigunblock(int sig);"
+.L "int sigcritical(int op);"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L sigunblock
+is called to
+unblocks the signal
+.L sig
+from within a handler currently servicing
+.LR sig .
+.PP
+.L sigcritical
+controls a critical region for the
+.LR SIGINT ,
+.L SIGQUIT
+and
+.L SIGHUP
+signals.
+.L "op > 0"
+pushes the region,
+.L "op == 0"
+pops the region, and
+.L "op < 0"
+returns non-zero if any signals are being held in the current
+critical region.
+Signal critical regions may be nested.
+The current critical region level is returned,
+.L \-1
+on error.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+signal(2)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/spawnveg.3

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: spawnveg.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:11:17 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de LI
+.}S 5 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH SPAWNVEG 3
+.SH NAME
+spawnveg \- process spawn with process group and session control
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "#include <ast.h>"
+.sp
+.L "int spawnveg(const char* command, char** argv, char** envv, pid_t pgid);"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L spwanveg
+combines
+.IR fork (2),
+.IR exec (2),
+.IR setpgid (2)
+and
+.IR setsid (2)
+into a single call.
+.PP
+.LR command ,
+.L argv
+and
+.L envv
+are as in
+.IR execve (2).
+.L pgid
+controls the new process group and session:
+.TP
+.L <0
+The new process becomes a session leader.
+is called in the child context.
+.TP
+.L 0
+The new process is in the callers process group.
+.TP
+.L 1
+The new process becomes a process group leader.
+.TP
+.L >1
+The new process joins the process group
+.IR pgid .
+.SH COMMENTS
+It is possible to code all process creation (except for
+.IR vfork (2)
+hack like in
+.IR csh (1))
+using
+.LR spawnveg .
+The
+.IR proc (3)
+routines and
+.IR ksh (1)
+do this on systems that don't support
+.IR fork (2).
+This makes porting to NT and Windows a snap: a simple
+.IR iffe (1)
+probe provides a 
+.L spawnveg
+implementation using the NT or Windows process primitives.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+fork(2), exec(2), setpgid(2), setsid(2), spawnve(2)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/stak.3

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: stak.3 /main/3 1995/11/01 17:48:36 rswiston $
+.TH STAK 3
+.SH NAME
+\fBstak\fR \- data stack storage library \- obsolete \- use \fBstk\fR
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.ta .75i 1.5i 2.25i 3i 3.75i 4.5i 5.25i 6i
+.PP
+.nf
+\f5
+#include <stak.h>
+
+Stak_t *stakcreate(int \fIflags\fP);
+Stak_t *stakinstall(Stak_t *\fIstack\fP, char *(\fIoverflow\fP)(int));
+int stakdelete(Stak_t *\fIstack\fP);
+void staklink(Stak_t *\fIstack\fP)
+
+char *stakalloc(unsigned \fIsize\fP);
+char *stakcopy(const char *\fIstring\fP);
+char *stakset(char *\fIaddress\fP, unsigned \fIoffset\fP);
+
+char *stakseek(unsigned \fIoffset\fP);
+int stakputc(int \fIc\fP);
+int stakputs(const char *\fIstring\fP);
+int stakwrite(const char *\fIaddress\fP, unsigned \fIsize\fP);
+int staktell(void);
+char *stakptr(unsigned \fIoffset\fP);
+char *stakfreeze(unsigned \fIextra\fP);
+\fR
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.PP
+\f5stak\fP is a package of routines designed to provide efficient
+stack oriented dynamic storage.
+A stack abstraction consists of an ordered list of contiguous
+memory regions, called stack frames, that can hold objects of
+arbitrary size.
+A stack is represented by the type \f5Stak_t\fP
+defined in header \f5<stak.h>\fP.
+At any instant there is one active stack.
+Variable size objects can be
+added to the active stack
+and programs can reference these objects directly with pointers.
+In addition, the last object on the stack
+(referred to here as the current object)
+can be built incrementally.
+The current object has an associated offset that determines its
+current size.
+While the current object is being built incrementally,
+its location might
+change so that it is necessary to reference the object with
+relative offsets ranging from zero to the current offset of the object.
+.PP
+There is a preset initial active stack.
+To use an additional stack, it is necessary to create it and to
+install it as the active stack.
+A stack is created with the \f5stakcreate\fP() function.
+A \fIflags\fP argument of \f5STAK_SMALL\fP indicates that unused
+space on the stack should be freed whenever this stack ceases
+to be the active stack. 
+If successful,
+\f5stakcreate\fP() returns a pointer to a stack whose reference
+count is 1.
+Otherwise, \f5stakcreate\fP() returns a null pointer.
+The \f5staklink\fP() function increases the reference count for the
+given \fIstack\fP.
+The \f5stakinstall\fP() function 
+makes the specified \fIstack\fP the active stack and returns a pointer
+to the previous active stack.
+When the \fIoverflow\fP argument is not null,
+it specifies a function that will
+be called whenever \f5malloc\fP(3) fails while trying to grow the
+stack.
+The \fIoverflow\fP function will be called with the size that was passed
+to \f5malloc\fP(3).
+The \fIoverflow\fP function can call \f5exit\fP(3), call \f5longjmp\fP(3)
+or return.
+If the \f5overflow\fP function returns,
+it must return a pointer to a memory region of the given size.
+The default action is to write an error to standard error and to
+call \f5exit\fP(2) with a non-zero exit value.
+When \fIstack\fP is a null pointer,
+the active stack is not changed
+but the \fIoverflow\fP function for the active stack can be changed
+and a pointer to the active stack is returned.
+The \f5stakdelete\fP() function decrements the reference count and
+frees the memory associated with
+the specified stack
+when the reference count is zero.
+The effect of subsequent references to objects
+on the stack are undefined.
+.PP
+The
+\f5stakalloc\fP() function returns an aligned pointer to space on the
+active stack that can be used to hold any object of the given \fIsize\fP.
+\f5stakalloc\fP() is similar to \f5malloc\fP(3) except that individual
+items returned by \f5stakalloc\fP() can not be freed.
+\f5stakalloc\fP() causes the offset of the current object to be set to
+zero.
+.PP
+The
+\f5stakcopy\fP() function copies the given string onto the stack
+and returns a pointer to the \fIstring\fP on the stack.
+\f5stakcopy\fP() causes the offset of the current object to be set to
+zero.
+.PP
+The \f5stakset\fP() function finds the frame containing the given
+\fIaddress\fP, frees all frames that were created after the one containing
+the given \fIaddress\fP, and sets the current object to the given
+\fIaddress\fP.
+The top of the current object is set to \fIoffset\fP bytes from
+current object.
+If \fIaddress\fP is not the address of an object on the
+stack the result is undefined.
+.PP
+The remaining functions are used to build the current object incrementally.
+An object that is built incrementally on the stack will  
+always occupy contiguous memory within a stack frame but
+until \f5stakfreeze\fP() is called,
+the location in memory for the object can change.
+There is a current offset associated with the current object that
+determines where subsequent operations apply.
+Initially, this offset is zero, and the offset changes as a result
+of the operations you specify.
+The \f5stakseek\fP() function is used set the offset for the
+current object.
+The \fIoffset\fP argument to \f5stakseek\fP() specifies the new 
+offset for the current object.
+The frame will be extended or moved
+if \f5offset\fP causes the new current offset to extend beyond the
+current frame.
+\f5stakseek\fP() returns a pointer to the beginning of the current object.
+The \f5staktell\fP() function gives the offset of the current object.
+.PP
+The \f5stakputc\fP() function adds a given character to the current object
+on the stack.
+The current offset is advanced by 1.
+The \f5stakputs\fP() function appends the given \fIstring\fP onto the current
+object in the stack and returns the length of the string.
+The current offset is advanced by the length of the string.
+The \f5stakwrite\fP() function appends the given \fIsize\fP byte memory
+region starting at \fIaddress\fP onto the current
+object in the stack and advances the current offset by \fIsize\fP.
+The current offset is returned.
+.PP
+The \f5stakptr\fP() function converts the given \f5offset\fP
+for the current object into a memory address on the stack.
+This address is only valid until another stack operation is given.
+The result is not defined if \fIoffset\fP exceeds the size of the current
+object.
+The \f5stakfreeze\fP()
+function terminates the current object on the
+stack and returns a pointer to the beginning of this object.
+If \fIextra\fP is non-zero, \fIextra\fP bytes are added to the stack
+before the current object is terminated.  The first added byte will
+contain zero and the contents of the remaining bytes are undefined.
+.PP
+.SH HISTORY
+The
+\f5stak\fP
+interface was derived from similar routines in the KornShell code
+that is used for building parse trees and carrying out expansions.
+It provides an efficient mechanism for grouping dynamically allocated
+objects so that they can be freed all at once rather than individually.
+.SH AUTHOR
+ David Korn
+.SH SEE ALSO
+\f5exit(2)\fP
+\f5longjmp(3)\fP
+\f5malloc(3)\fP

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/stk.3

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: stk.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:11:36 drk $
+.TH STK 3
+.SH NAME
+\fBstk\fR \- data stack storage library
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.ta .75i 1.5i 2.25i 3i 3.75i 4.5i 5.25i 6i
+.PP
+.nf
+\f5
+#include <stk.h>
+
+Stk_t *stkopen(int \fIflags\fP);
+Stk_t *stkinstall(Stk_t *\fIstack\fP, char *(\fIoverflow\fP)(int));
+int stkclose(Stk_t *\fIstack\fP);
+void stklink(Stk_t *\fIstack\fP)
+
+char *stkalloc(Stk_t *\fIstack\fP, unsigned \fIsize\fP);
+char *stkcopy(Stk_t *\fIstack\fP, const char *\fIstring\fP);
+char *stkset(Stk_t *\fIstack\fP, char *\fIaddress\fP, unsigned \fIoffset\fP);
+
+char *stkseek(Stk_t *\fIstack\fP, unsigned \fIoffset\fP);
+int stktell(Stk_t *\fIstack\fP);
+char *stkptr(Stk_t *\fIstack\fP, unsigned \fIoffset\fP);
+char *stkfreeze(Stk_t *\fIstack\fP, unsigned \fIextra\fP);
+\fR
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.PP
+\f5stk\fP is a package of routines designed to provide efficient
+stack oriented dynamic storage.
+A stack abstraction consists of an ordered list of contiguous
+memory regions, called stack frames, that can hold objects of
+arbitrary size.
+A stack is represented by the type \f5Stk_t\fP
+defined in header \f5<stk.h>\fP.
+The type \f5Stk_t\fP is compatible with the type \f5Sfio_t\fP
+defined by the \f5sfio\fP(3) library.
+At any instant there is one active stack which can be referenced
+by the constant \f5stkstd\fP.
+Variable size objects can be
+added to the active stack
+and programs can reference these objects directly with pointers.
+In addition, the last object on the stack
+(referred to here as the current object)
+can be built incrementally.
+The current object has an associated offset that determines its
+current size.
+While the current object is being built incrementally,
+its location might
+change so that it is necessary to reference the object with
+relative offsets ranging from zero to the current offset of the object.
+.PP
+There is a preset initial active stack.
+To use an additional stack, it is necessary to create it and to
+install it as the active stack.
+A stack is created with the \f5stkopen\fP() function.
+A \fIflags\fP argument of \f5STK_SMALL\fP indicates that unused
+space on the stack should be freed whenever this stack ceases
+to be the active stack. 
+If successful,
+\f5stkopen\fP() returns a pointer to a stack whose reference
+count is 1.
+Otherwise, \f5stkopen\fP() returns a null pointer.
+The \f5stklink\fP() function increases the reference count for the
+given \fIstack\fP.
+The \f5stkinstall\fP() function 
+makes the specified \fIstack\fP the active stack and returns a pointer
+to the previous active stack.
+When the \fIoverflow\fP argument is not null,
+it specifies a function that will
+be called whenever \f5malloc\fP(3) fails while trying to grow the
+stack.
+The \fIoverflow\fP function will be called with the size that was passed
+to \f5malloc\fP(3).
+The \fIoverflow\fP function can call \f5exit\fP(3), call \f5longjmp\fP(3)
+or return.
+If the \f5overflow\fP function returns,
+it must return a pointer to a memory region of the given size.
+The default action is to write an error to standard error and to
+call \f5exit\fP(2) with a non-zero exit value.
+When \fIstack\fP is a null pointer,
+the active stack is not changed
+but the \fIoverflow\fP function for the active stack can be changed
+and a pointer to the active stack is returned.
+The \f5stkclose\fP() function decrements the reference count and
+frees the memory associated with
+the specified stack
+when the reference count is zero.
+The effect of subsequent references to objects
+on the stack are undefined.
+.PP
+The
+\f5stkalloc\fP() function returns an aligned pointer to space on the
+active stack that can be used to hold any object of the given \fIsize\fP.
+\f5stkalloc\fP() is similar to \f5malloc\fP(3) except that individual
+items returned by \f5stkalloc\fP() can not be freed.
+\f5stkalloc\fP() causes the offset of the current object to be set to
+zero.
+.PP
+The
+\f5stkcopy\fP() function copies the given string onto the stack
+and returns a pointer to the \fIstring\fP on the stack.
+\f5stkcopy\fP() causes the offset of the current object to be set to
+zero.
+.PP
+The \f5stkset\fP() function finds the frame containing the given
+\fIaddress\fP, frees all frames that were created after the one containing
+the given \fIaddress\fP, and sets the current object to the given
+\fIaddress\fP.
+The top of the current object is set to \fIoffset\fP bytes from
+current object.
+If \fIaddress\fP is not the address of an object on the
+stack the result is undefined.
+.PP
+The \f5sfio\fP(3) output functions can be used to build
+current object incrementally.
+An object that is built incrementally on the stack will  
+always occupy contiguous memory within a stack frame but
+until \f5stkfreeze\fP() is called,
+the location in memory for the object can change.
+There is a current offset associated with the current object that
+determines where subsequent operations apply.
+Initially, this offset is zero, and the offset changes as a result
+of the operations you specify.
+The \f5stkseek\fP() function is used set the offset for the
+current object.
+The \fIoffset\fP argument to \f5stkseek\fP() specifies the new 
+offset for the current object.
+The frame will be extended or moved
+if \f5offset\fP causes the new current offset to extend beyond the
+current frame.
+\f5stkseek\fP() returns a pointer to the beginning of the current object.
+The \f5stktell\fP() function gives the offset of the current object.
+.PP
+The \f5stkptr\fP() function converts the given \f5offset\fP
+for the current object into a memory address on the stack.
+This address is only valid until another stack operation is given.
+The result is not defined if \fIoffset\fP exceeds the size of the current
+object.
+The \f5stkfreeze\fP()
+function terminates the current object on the
+stack and returns a pointer to the beginning of this object.
+If \fIextra\fP is non-zero, \fIextra\fP bytes are added to the stack
+before the current object is terminated.  The first added byte will
+contain zero and the contents of the remaining bytes are undefined.
+.PP
+.SH HISTORY
+The
+\f5stk\fP
+interface was derived from similar routines in the KornShell code
+that is used for building parse trees and carrying out expansions.
+It provides an efficient mechanism for grouping dynamically allocated
+objects so that they can be freed all at once rather than individually.
+.SH AUTHOR
+ David Korn
+.SH SEE ALSO
+\f5exit(2)\fP
+\f5longjmp(3)\fP
+\f5malloc(3)\fP
+\f5sfio(3)\fP

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/strcopy.3

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: strcopy.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:11:48 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRCOPY 3
+.SH NAME
+strcopy \- copy strings
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "char* strcopy(char* a, char* b)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I strcopy
+copies the nul-terminated string
+.I b
+into
+.IR a .
+A pointer to the 0 character in
+.I a
+is returned.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+strcpy(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/strdup.3

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: strdup.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:12:00 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRDUP 3
+.SH NAME
+strdup \- duplicate nul-terminated string
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "char* strdup(char* s)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I strdup
+copies the nul-terminated string
+.I s
+to a new location provided by
+.IR malloc (3)
+and returns a pointer to the new copy.
+0 is returned if
+.IR malloc (3)
+failed.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+malloc(3), memdup(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/strelapsed.3

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: strelapsed.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:12:13 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRELAPSED 3
+.SH NAME
+strelapsed \- parse elapsed time expression
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "unsigned long strelapsed(char* buf, char** next, int persec)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I strelapsed
+returns a pointer to a string representation of the elapsed time for
+.L (count/persec)
+seconds.
+The two largest time units are used, limiting the return value length
+to at most 6 characters.
+The units are:
+.TP
+.B s
+seconds
+.TP
+.B m
+minutes
+.TP
+.B h
+hours
+.TP
+.B days
+.TP
+.B weeks
+.TP
+.B M
+months
+.TP
+.B Y
+years
+.TP
+.B S
+scores
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+strelapsed(3)
+.SH CAVEATS
+The return value points to a static area that is overwritten on each call.

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/strerror.3

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: strerror.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:12:23 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de LI
+.}S 5 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRERROR 3
+.SH NAME
+strerror \- return error message string given error number
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "char* strerror(int err)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I strerror
+returns the error message string corresponding to the error message number
+.IR err .
+.BI "Error " nnn
+is returned if
+.I err
+is invalid.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+error(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/stresc.3

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: stresc.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:12:36 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRESC 3
+.SH NAME
+stresc \- convert character constants in string
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "int stresc(char* s)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I stresc
+converts 
+.N \e
+character constant expressions in the nul-terminated string
+.I s
+in place and returns the length of the converted
+.IR s .
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+chresc(3), ctoi(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/streval.3

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: streval.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:12:48 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STREVAL 3
+.SH NAME
+streval \- long integer arithmetic expression evaluator
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "long streval(char* s, char** e, long (*conv)(char* cs, char** ce))"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I streval
+evaluates the long integer arithmetic expression in the nul-terminated string
+.I s
+and returns the result.
+If
+.I e
+is not 0 then
+.I *e
+is set to point to the first unknown character in the expression.
+.PP
+If
+.I conv
+is not 0 then it is called when an unknown token is encountered in
+.IR s .
+.I cs
+points to the beginning of the unknown token.
+The return value is the long integer value of the unknown token and
+.I ce
+must be set to point to the first character after the unknown token.
+If an expression syntax error is encountered the
+.I conv
+is called with
+.I cs
+set to 0 and
+.I *ce
+pointing to the error message text.
+.PP
+In addition to the normal C expressions and integer constant styles,
+numbers in any base
+.I b
+<= 2 <=36
+may be represented as
+.IR b # nnnn ,
+where the extra digits in
+.I nnnn
+are taken from
+.BR [A-Z] .
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+strtol(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/strgid.3

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: strgid.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:13:00 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRGID 3
+.SH NAME
+strgid \- return group name given group number
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "char* strgid(int gid)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I strgid
+returns the group id name string given the group number
+.IR gid .
+.I strgid
+maintains an internal cache to avoid repeated password database scans
+by the low level
+.IR getgrgid (3).
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+getgrent(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/strmatch.3

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: strmatch.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:13:19 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRMATCH 3
+.SH NAME
+strmatch \- match shell file patterns
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "int strmatch(char* s, char* p)"
+.br
+.L "char* submatch(char* s, char* p, int m)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I strmatch
+compares the string
+.I s
+with the shell pattern
+.I p
+and returns 1 for match and 0 otherwise.
+.I submatch
+does a leading substring match of the shell pattern
+.I p
+with the string
+.IR s .
+If
+.I m
+is 0 then the match is minimal, otherwise a maximal match is done.
+A pointer to the first character after the matched substring is returned,
+.I 0
+if there is no match.
+.PP
+Except for
+.I &
+and
+.IR ! ,
+each shell pattern has an equivalent 
+.IR egrep (1)
+construct.
+.EX
+	\fBsh pattern	egrep RE	description\fP
+	*		.*		0 or more chars
+	?		.		any single char
+	[.]		[.]		char class
+	[!.]		[^.]		negated char class
+	*(.)		(.)*		0 or more of
+	+(.)		(.)+		1 or more of
+	?(.)		(.)?		0 or 1 of
+	(.)		(.)		1 of
+	@(.)		(.)		1 of
+	a|b		a|b		a or b
+	a&b				a and b
+	!(.)				none of
+.EE
+.L \e
+is used to escape *, ?, (, |, &, ), [, and \e
+outside of [...].
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+grep(1)
+.SH BUGS
+An unbalanced
+.L )
+terminates the top level pattern.
+.br
+Nested
+.L &
+and
+.L !
+constructs are non-intuitive and are computationally intensive.

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/stropt.3

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: stropt.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:13:38 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STROPT 3
+.SH NAME
+stropt \- table driven option expression evaluator
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "#include <namval.h>"
+.br
+.L "int stropt(char* s, struct namval* tab,
+.br
+.L "           int (*fun)(void* a, struct namval* p, int n, char* v),"
+.br
+.L "           void* a)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I stropt
+parses option expressions in the nul-terminated string
+.I s
+using the option names in
+.IR tab .
+.I tab
+is an array of
+.B "struct namval"
+name value pairs:
+.EX
+char*	name;
+int	value;
+.EE
+The last entry must be followed by a sentinel with
+.B name
+set to 0.
+.PP
+An option expression contains 0 or more of [\fBno\fP]\fIname\fP[=\fIvalue\fP]
+separate by
+.B space
+or
+.BR tab ,
+where
+.I name
+must be one of the option names in
+.IR tab ,
+.I value 
+is an optional value, and
+.B no
+is for Boolean options.
+Each option is passed to
+.I fun
+for processing.
+.I a
+is the
+.L void*
+pointer that is passed from the
+.I stropt
+call but is otherwise not interpreted.
+.I p
+points to the option name value pair from
+.IR tab .
+.I n
+is 0 if
+.B no
+preceeded the option
+.I name
+and
+.I v
+points to the beginning of the option
+.I value
+in
+.IR s .
+and
+If
+.I name
+is not found in
+.I tab
+then
+.I fun
+is called with 
+.I p
+pointing to an internal
+.I namval
+entry with
+.I p\->name
+pointing to the unknown option and
+.I p\->value
+set to the
+.I value
+of the sentinel entry in
+.IR tab .
+.PP
+If
+.I fun
+returns non-zero then this value is returned and no further
+options are processed.
+Otherwise
+.I stropt
+returns 0 after processing all options.

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/strperm.3

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: strperm.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:13:58 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRPERM 3
+.SH NAME
+strperm \- evaluate file permission expression
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "int strperm(char* s, char** e, int p)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I strperm
+applies a file permission expression in the nul-terminated string
+.I s
+to the initial file permission mask
+.IR p .
+The new permission mask is returned.
+If 
+.I e
+not 0 then
+.I *e
+is set to point to the first unrecognized character in
+.IR s .
+.PP
+A tape device specification is composed of one or more
+.I who-op-permission
+terms separated by
+.BR , .
+.I who
+selects portions of the permission bits and may be any combination of:
+.TP 3
+.B u
+the user permission bits;
+.TP
+.B g
+the group permission bits;
+.TP
+.B o
+the `other' permission bits;
+.TP
+.B a
+all permission bits.
+.PP
+If omitted, all permission bits are selected.
+.I op
+specifies how the original permission
+.I p
+is to be modified:
+.TP 3
+.B +
+.br
+.ns
+.B |
+the new bits are set in
+.IR p ;
+.TP 3
+.B \-
+the new bits are cleared in
+.IR p ;
+.TP
+.B &
+the new bits are and'd with
+.IR p ;
+.TP
+.B =
+the select bits in
+.I p
+are set equal to the new bits
+.PP
+A permission expression term may also be an octal number.
+Octal specifications are inherently non-portable.
+Refer to
+.IR chmod (1)
+for an explanation of this form.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+chmod(1), ls(1), strmode(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/strsignal.3

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: strsignal.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:14:16 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de LI
+.}S 5 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRSIGNAL 3
+.SH NAME
+strsignal \- return signal description string given signal number
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "char* strsignal(int sig)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I strsignal
+returns the signal description string corresponding to the signal number
+.IR sig .
+.BI "Signal " nnn
+is returned if
+.I sig
+is invalid.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+signal(2), sigvec(2)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/strsort.3

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: strsort.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:14:44 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH HSORT 3
+.SH NAME
+hsort \- array heap sort
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.EX
+#include <ast.h>
+
+void    strsort(char** \fIarray\fP, int \fIelements\fP, int (*\fIcompare\fP)(const char* \fIa\fP, const char* \fIb\fP));
+.EE
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L strsort
+does a heap sort on the array of pointers
+.I array
+with
+.I elements
+elements using the comparison function
+.IR compare .
+.I compare
+returns
+.L \-1
+if 
+.I a
+is lexicographically less than
+.IR b ,
+.L 0
+if
+.I a
+is equal to
+.IR b ,
+and
+.L 1
+if 
+.I a
+is lexicographically greater than
+.IR b .

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/strtape.3

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: strtape.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:15:09 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRTAPE 3
+.SH NAME
+strtape \- convert string to tape device pathname
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "char* strtape(char* s, char** e)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I strtape
+converts the generic tape device specification in the nul-terminated string
+.I s
+to a local tape device pathname.
+A pointer to the device pathname is returned.
+If 
+.I e
+not 0 then
+.I *e
+is set to point to the first unrecognized character in
+.IR s .
+.PP
+A tape device specification is composed of
+.IR unit-density-rewind .
+All are optional.
+.I unit
+is a unit number in the range
+.BR [0-7] .
+The default unit is
+.BR 1 .
+Density may be one of:
+.TP 3
+.B l
+for low;
+.TP 3
+.B m
+for medium, and
+.TP
+.B h
+for high.
+.PP
+The default is
+.BR m .
+.I rewind
+is
+.B n
+for no-rewind on device close.
+The default is to rewind on device close.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+pax(1), tar(1)
+.SH CAVEATS
+The return value points to a static area that is overwritten on each call.

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/strton.3

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: strton.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:15:29 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRTON 3
+.SH NAME
+strton \- convert string to long integer
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "long strton(char* s, char** e)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I strton
+converts the nul-terminated string
+.I s
+to a long integer.
+If 
+.I e
+not 0 then
+.I *e
+is set to point to the first unrecognized character in
+.IR s .
+Leading spaces in
+.I s
+are ignored.
+.PP
+A number is composed of
+.IR sign-base-number-suffix .
+All but
+.I number
+are optional.
+.I sign
+may be \+ or \-.
+.I base 
+may be:
+.TP
+.B 0x
+for hexadecimal;
+.TP
+.B 0
+for octal, or
+.TP
+.IR nn #
+for base
+2 \(le
+.I nn
+\(le 36.
+.PP
+For bases greater than 10 the additional digits are take from the set
+.BR [a-zA-Z] .
+The suffix multiplies the converted number and may be:
+.TP
+.B b
+block (512)
+.TP
+.B g
+giga (1024 * 1024 * 1024)
+.TP
+.B k
+kilo (1024)
+.TP
+.B m
+mega (1024 * 1024)
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+atoi(3), scanf(3), strtod(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/struid.3

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: struid.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:15:43 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH STRUID 3
+.SH NAME
+struid \- return user name given user number
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "char* struid(int uid)"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.I struid
+returns the user id name string given the user number
+.IR uid .
+.I struid
+maintains an internal cache to avoid repeated password database scans
+by the low level
+.IR getpwuid (3).
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+getpwent(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/swap.3

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: swap.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:15:58 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH SWAP 3
+.SH NAME
+swap \- integral representation conversion routines
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "#include <swap.h>"
+.sp
+.L "int swapop(const void* internal, const void* external, int width);
+.L "int_max swapget(int op, const void* from, int width);"
+.L "void* swapput(int op, void* to, int width, int_max value);"
+.L "void* swapmem(int op, const void* from, void* to, size_t n);"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These routines convert integral constants between internal and
+external representations.
+They are used to handle binary data generated by foreign programs.
+New binary data representations should use the compact canonical form
+provided by the
+.IR sfio (3)
+routines
+.L sfputu
+and
+.LR sgetu .
+.PP
+.L swapop
+returns the swap operation required to convert the
+.L width 
+byte integer
+.L external
+to the
+.L width
+byte integer
+.LR internal .
+The swap operation is a bit mask:
+.TP
+.L 0
+No swapping necessary.
+.TP
+.L 1
+Swap byte
+.L 0
+with byte
+.LR 1 .
+.TP
+.L 2
+Swap bytes
+.L 0
+and
+.L 1
+with bytes
+.L 2
+and 
+.LR 3 .
+.TP
+.L 4
+Swap bytes
+.L 0-3
+with bytes
+.LR 4-7 ,
+and so on.
+The largest native integral type is defined by the macro
+.L int_max
+in the header
+.L <int.h>
+described in
+.IR int (3).
+.PP
+.L swapget 
+returns the
+.L width
+byte integer in the buffer
+.LR from ,
+swapped according to
+.LR op .
+.PP
+.L swapput 
+copies the
+.L width
+byte integer
+.L value
+into the buffer
+.LR to ,
+swapped according to
+.LR op .
+.L to
+is returned.
+.PP
+.L swapmem
+swaps 
+.L n
+bytes from the buffer
+.L from
+to the buffer
+.L to
+according to 
+.LR op .
+.L to
+and 
+.L from
+may be the same.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+int(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/tab.3

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: tab.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:16:15 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH TAB 3
+.SH NAME
+tab \- simple table lookup routines
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "#include <ast.h>"
+.sp
+.L "int tabindex(const void* tab, int size, const char* name);" 
+.L "void* tablook(const void* tab, int size, const char* name);" 
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These routines do linear lookups in
+.I small
+tables (on the order of 32 elements).
+Each table element has a size of
+.L size
+bytes and the beginning of the element points to a name that is
+matched by the lookup routines.
+.PP
+.L tabindex
+returns the index of the table element in
+.L tab
+that matches
+.LR name .
+If there is no match then
+.L \-1
+is returned.
+.PP
+.L tablook
+returns a pointer to the table element in
+.L tab
+that matches
+.LR name .
+If there is no match then
+.L 0
+is returned.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+hash(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/tm.3

@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: tm.3 /main/3 1996/10/29 15:16:25 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH TM 3
+.SH NAME
+tm \- time conversion support
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "#include <tm.h>"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+The
+.I tm
+library supports conversion between
+string date specifications,
+.L time_t
+clock values and
+.L "struct tm"
+values.
+.L localtime()
+and
+.L gmtime()
+(see
+.IR ctime (3))
+are used to determine local time zone information.
+.PP
+.L time_t
+values are the number of seconds since the epoch,
+.BR "Jan 1 00:00:00 GMT 1970" ,
+with leap seconds omitted.
+.PP
+The global variable
+.L "int tm_info.flags"
+contains flags that allow all programs using the library
+to be controlled in a consistent manner.
+.L tm_info.flags
+is initialized by the
+.L tminit()
+routine described below, and may be explicitly reset after
+.L tminit()
+is called.
+The flags are:
+.TP
+.L TM_ADJUST
+Set by
+.L tminit()
+if
+.L localtime()
+and
+.L gmtime()
+do not compensate for leap seconds.
+.TP
+.L TM_LEAP
+.L time_t
+values are interpreted as if they include leap seconds.
+Set by
+.L tminit()
+if the
+.L leap
+option is set in the
+.L TM_OPTIONS
+environment variable.
+.TP
+.L TM_UTC
+Times are relative to
+.B UTC
+(universal coordinated time, i.e.,
+.BR GMT ).
+Otherwise times are relative to the local time zone.
+Set by
+.L tminit()
+if the time zone name matches one of
+.L tm_info.format[43]
+through
+.L tm_info.format[46]
+described below.
+If the time zone name is not determined by
+.L localtime()
+then the environment variables
+.L TZNAME
+(as described in BSD 4.3) and
+.L TZ
+(as described in System V)
+are checked, in order.
+If this fails then the time zone name is constructed using
+the local time zone offset.
+.PP
+The routines are:
+.TP
+.L "time_t tmdate(const char* date, char** end, time_t* clock)"
+Parses the date specification
+.L date
+using the
+.L tm_info.format
+string table (described below)
+and returns the equivalent
+.L time_t
+value.
+If
+.RL non- NULL ,
+.L end
+is set to the position of the first unrecognized character in
+.LR date .
+.L clock
+is used to provide default values for omitted components in
+.LR date .
+If
+.L clock
+is
+.L NULL
+then the current time is used.
+.TP
+.L "struct tm* tmfix(struct tm* tp)"
+Corrects any out of bounds fields in
+.L tp
+and returns
+.L tp
+as its value.
+The corrections start with
+.L tp->tm_sec
+and propagate down to
+.LR tp->tm_year .
+For example, if
+.L tp->tm_sec
+were 61 then it would change to 1 and
+.L tp->tm_min
+would be incremented by 1, and so on.
+.LR tp->tm_wday ,
+.LR tp->tm_yday
+and
+.L tp->tm_isdst
+are not changed as these can be computed from the other fields.
+.TP
+.L "char* tmfmt(char* buf, size_t len, const char* format, time_t* clock)"
+Formats the date pointed to by
+.L clock
+into the buffer
+.L buf
+with size
+.L len
+bytes according to the format specification
+.LR format .
+If
+.L format
+is
+.L NULL
+or empty then the string
+.L tm_info.format[40]
+is used.
+If
+.L clock
+is
+.L NULL
+then the current time is used.
+A pointer to the end of
+.L buf
+(i.e., the terminating
+.LR "'\e0'" )
+is returned.
+.RS
+.PP
+.L format
+is in the style of
+.IR printf (3),
+where
+.BI % field
+causes the corresponding fixed size field to be placed in
+.LR buf ,
+zero padded if necessary, and \e\fIc\fP and \e\fInnn\fP
+sequences are interpreted as in the C language.
+Otherwise invalid
+.BI % field
+specifications and all other characters in
+.L format
+are copied into
+.L buf
+without change.
+String field values are taken from the
+.L tm_info.format
+string table.
+The
+.I fields
+are:
+.TP
+.PD 0
+.B %
+.B %
+character.
+.TP
+.B a
+Abbreviated weekday name.
+.TP
+.B A
+Full weekday name.
+.TP
+.B b
+Abbreviated month name.
+.TP
+.B c
+.IR ctime (3)
+style date without the trailing
+.BR newline .
+.TP
+.B C
+.IR date (1)
+style date.
+.TP
+.B d
+Day of month number.
+.TP
+.B D
+Date as
+.IR mm / dd / yy .
+.TP
+.B e
+Blank padded day of month number.
+.TP
+.B E
+Unpadded day of month number.
+.TP
+.B h
+Abbreviated month name.
+.TP
+.B H
+24-hour clock hour.
+.TP
+.B i
+International
+.IR date (1)
+date that includes the time zone type name.
+.TP
+.B I
+12-hour clock hour.
+.TP
+.B j
+1-offset Julian date.
+.TP
+.B J
+0-offset Julian date.
+.TP
+.B l
+.IR ls (1)
+.B \-l
+date that lists recent dates with
+.IR hh : mm
+and distant dates with
+.IR yyyy .
+.TP
+.B m
+Month number.
+.TP
+.B M
+Minutes.
+.TP
+.B n
+.B newline
+character.
+.TP
+.B p
+Meridian (e.g.,
+.B AM
+or
+.BR PM ).
+.TP
+.B r
+12-hour time as
+.IR hh : mm : ss
+.IR meridian .
+.TP
+.B R
+24-hour time as
+.IR hh : mm .
+.TP
+.B S
+Seconds.
+.TP
+.B t
+.B tab
+character.
+.TP
+.B T
+24-hour time as
+.IR hh : mm : ss .
+.TP
+.B U
+Week number with Sunday as the first day.
+.TP
+.B w
+Weekday number.
+.TP
+.B W
+Week number with Monday as the first day.
+.TP
+.B x
+Local date style, using
+.LR tm_info.format[39] ,
+that includes the month, day and year.
+.TP
+.B X
+Local time style, using
+.LR tm_info.format[38] ,
+that includes the hours and minutes.
+.TP
+.B y
+2-digit year.
+.TP
+.B Y
+4-digit year.
+.TP
+.B z
+Time zone type name.
+.TP
+.B Z
+Time zone name.
+.TP
+.BI + flag
+.TP
+.BI \- flag
+Temporarily (until
+.L tmform()
+returns) sets (+) or clears (\-) the
+.L tm_info.flags
+flags specified by
+.IR flag :
+.RS
+.TP
+.B l
+.L TM_LEAP
+.TP
+.B u
+.L TM_UTC
+.RE
+.TP
+.B #
+Number of seconds since the epoch.
+.PD
+.RE
+.TP
+.L "void tminit(Tm_zone_t* zone)"
+Implicitly called by the other
+.I tm
+library routines to initialize global data, including the
+.L tm_info.format
+table and the
+.L tm_info.flags
+global flags.
+Global data should only be modified after an explicit call to
+.LR tminit .
+If
+.L "zone != 0"
+then it specifies a time zone other that the local time zone.
+.TP
+.L "void tmset(Tm_zone_t* zone);"
+.L tmset
+sets the reference timezoe to
+.LR zone .
+.L tm_info.local 
+points to the local timezone and
+.L tm_info.zone
+points to the current reference timezone.
+.TP
+.L "time_t tmleap(time_t* clock)"
+Returns a
+.L time_t
+value for the time pointed to by
+.L clock
+with leap seconds adjusted for external
+routines that do not handle leap seconds.
+If
+.L clock
+is
+.L NULL
+then the current time is used.
+Adjustments are only done if the
+.L TM_ADJUST
+flag is set in
+.LR tm_info.flags .
+.TP
+.L "struct tm* tmmake(time_t* clock)"
+Returns a pointer to the
+.L tm
+struct corresponding to the time pointed to by
+.LR clock .
+If
+.L clock
+is
+.L NULL
+then the current time is used.
+.TP
+.L "time_t tmtime(struct tm* tp, int west)"
+Returns the
+.L time_t
+value corresponding to
+.LR tp .
+If
+.L west
+is
+.L TM_LOCALZONE
+then
+.L tm
+is relative to the local time zone,
+otherwise
+.L west
+is the number of minutes west of
+.B UTC
+with daylight savings time taken into account.
+.LR tp->tm_wday ,
+.LR tp->tm_yday
+and
+.L tp->tm_isdst
+are ignored in the conversion.
+.PP
+The library routines use a table of date strings pointed to by
+.LR "char** tm_info.format" .
+The indices in
+.L tm_info.format
+are fixed by category.
+.L tm_info.format
+may be changed to point to other tables
+according to local language and date conventions.
+The contents by index (showing the USA English values) are:
+.RS
+.TP
+.PD 0
+.B 0-11
+3-character abbreviated month names.
+.TP
+.B 12-23
+Full month names.
+.TP
+.B 24-30
+3-character abbreviated weekday names.
+.TP
+.B 31-37
+Full weekday names.
+.TP
+.B 38
+.L tmform()
+local time format used by the
+.B %X
+field.
+.TP
+.B 39
+.L tmform()
+local date format used by the
+.B %x
+field.
+.TP
+.B 40
+.L tmform()
+format used if the
+.L format
+argument is
+.L NULL
+or empty.
+.TP
+.B 41-42
+Meridian names: AM, PM.
+.TP
+.B 43-46
+.B UTC
+time zone names: GMT, UTC, UCT, CUT.
+.TP
+.B 47-50
+Daylight savings time suffix names: DST.
+.TP
+.B 51-54
+Suffixes to be ignored when matching strings in
+.LR tmform() .
+.TP
+.B 55-61
+Time part names: second, hour, minute, day, week, month, year.
+.TP
+.B 62-65
+Hours of the day names: midnight, morning, noon, evening.
+.TP
+.B 66-68
+Relative day names: yesterday, today, tomorrow.
+.TP
+.B 69-71
+Past relative time references: last, ago, past.
+.TP
+.B 72-75
+Current relative time references: this, now, current.
+.TP
+.B 75-77
+Future relative time references: next, hence, coming.
+.TP
+.B 78-80
+Exact relative time references: exactly.
+.TP
+.B 81-85
+Noise words to be ignored: at, in, on.
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+Low level support functions and data are described in
+.LR <tm.h> .
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.EX
+#include <tm.h>
+main() {
+    int       i;
+    time_t    t;
+    char      buf[128];
+    struct {
+        char* date;
+        char* format;
+    }         x[] = {
+        "now",                 "%i",
+        "2 months ago",        "%C",
+        "this Wednesday noon", "%x %I:%M %p",
+        "last December 25",    "%A",
+        0,                     0
+    };
+    for (i = 0; x[i].date; i++) {
+        t = tmdate(x[i].date, (char*)0, (time_t*)0);
+        (void)tmform(buf, x[i].format, &t);
+        puts(buf);
+    }
+}
+.EE
+produces
+.EX
+Fri Sep 30 12:10:14 USA EDT 1988
+Fri Jul  1 00:00:00 EDT 1988
+10/05/88 12:00 PM
+Friday
+.EE
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+date(1), time(2), ctime(3)
+.SH BUGS
+.L "struct tm"
+values may get clobbered by the
+.I tm
+library routines as the
+.IR ctime (3)
+routines typically return pointers to a single static
+.L "struct tm"
+area.
+.L tmdate()
+uses an internal international time zone name table that will
+probably always be incomplete.

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/tok.3

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: tok.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:16:39 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH TOK 3
+.SH NAME
+tok \- space separated token stream routines
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "#include <ast.h>"
+.sp
+.L "void* tokopen(char* string)"
+.L "char* tokread(void* tok)"
+.L "void tokclose(void* tok)"
+.sp
+.L "int tokscan(char* string, char** next, const char* format, ...);"
+.sp
+.L "Sfio_t* tokline(const char* input, int flags, int* line);"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L tokopen
+returns a pointer to a space separated token stream on the 0 terminated
+string
+.LR string .
+.L tokread
+returns a pointer to the next
+space separated token in the token stream
+.L tok
+as returned by
+.LR tokopen .
+0 is returned when no tokens remain.
+.L tokread
+temporarily modifies
+.L string
+by inserting 0's to terminate each token.
+.L tokclose
+closes the token stream and restores
+.L string
+to its original state.
+.PP
+.L tokscan
+scans the string
+.L string
+for tokens specified in
+.LR format .
+It is a more forgiving
+.IR sscanf (3).
+If
+.L "next != 0"
+then it will point to the next unread character in
+.L string
+on return.
+The number of scanned tokens is returned.
+.L \-1
+is returned if 
+.L string
+was not empty and
+.L format
+failed to match and tokens.
+.PP
+.I space
+in
+.L format
+matches 0 or more
+.I space
+or
+.I tab
+characters.
+.I newline
+in format eats the remainder of the current line in
+.LR string .
+"...", '...' and \e\fIcharacter\fP quotes are interpreted.
+A quoted
+.I carriage-return
+is converted to
+.IR newline .
+.I newline
+in
+.L string
+is equivalent to end of string except when quoted.
+.I \enewline
+is a line splice.
+.PP
+.L %
+in
+.L format
+prefixes format conversion characters; each conversion character 
+corresponds to a
+.L tokscan
+argument following the
+.L format
+argument.
+The format conversions are:
+.TP
+.L %c
+A single 
+.LR char .
+.TP
+.L "%hd %d %ld"
+[short, int, long] base 10 integer.
+.TP
+.L "%hn %n %ln"
+[short, int, long] C-style base integer.
+.TP
+.L "%ho %o %lo"
+[short, int, long] base 8 integer.
+.TP
+.L %s
+String.
+.TP
+.L "%hu %u %lu"
+[short, int, long] C-style base unsigned integer.
+.TP
+.L %v
+The next two arguments are a pointer to a
+.L char**
+argument vector and the maximum number of elements in the vector.
+.TP
+.L "%hx %x %lx"
+[short, int, long] base 16 integer.
+.PP
+.L %s
+and
+.L %v
+data may also be counted length strings of the form
+\f5(\fIcount\fP:\fIdata\fP)\fR
+where
+.I count
+is the number of characters in
+.I data
+and the terminating
+.L )
+may also be a
+.IR tab ,
+or the data may be
+.L (null)
+which represents the
+.L NULL
+string.
+.PP
+.L tokline
+returns an
+.IR sfio (3)
+stream to a file or string that splices
+.I \enewline
+into single lines,
+allows "..." and '...' to quotes to span
+.I newlines
+(done by translating quoted
+.I newline
+to
+.IR carriage-return ;
+.L tokscan
+above converts quoted
+.I carriage-return
+back to 
+.IR newline ),
+and deletes
+.I "# ... newline"
+comments.
+This is done by pushing an
+.I sfio
+discipline onto a string or file stream.
+Seeks are disabled on the resulting stream.
+If
+.L "flags == SF_READ"
+then
+.L input
+is a file name;
+If
+.L "flags == SF_STRING"
+then
+.L input
+is a 0 terminated string;
+otherwise
+.L input
+is an open 
+.L Sfio_t*
+stream.
+If
+.L "line != 0"
+then it points to a line count that is initialized to 0
+and is incremented for each input line.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+sfio(3)

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/touch.3

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: touch.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:16:52 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de LI
+.}S 5 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH TOUCH 3
+.SH NAME
+touch \- set file access and modify times
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "#include <ast.h>"
+.sp
+.L "int touch(const char* path, time_t atime, time_t mtime, int force);"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L touch
+sets the access and modify times of the file named by
+.LR path .
+If
+.L "force != 0"
+then the file is created if it doesn't exist;
+otherwise the file is not created and
+.L \-1
+is returned.
+If
+.L "force < 0"
+then
+.L atime
+and
+.L mtime
+are taken verbatim; otherwise
+.L "(time_t)(-1)"
+retains the current value for the file and
+.L "(time_t)(0)"
+uses the current time.
+.SH CAVEAT
+By default the change time is always changed to the current time.

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/vecargs.3

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: vecargs.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:17:08 drk $
+.de L		\" literal font
+.ft 5
+.it 1 }N
+.if !\\$1 \&\\$1 \\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6
+..
+.de LR
+.}S 5 1 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de LI
+.}S 5 3 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de RL
+.}S 1 5 \& "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6"
+..
+.de EX		\" start example
+.ta 1i 2i 3i 4i 5i 6i
+.PP
+.RS 
+.PD 0
+.ft 5
+.nf
+..
+.de EE		\" end example
+.fi
+.ft
+.PD
+.RE
+.PP
+..
+.TH VECARGS 3
+.SH NAME
+vecargs \- command argument vector insertion routines
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.L "#include <vecargs.h>"
+.sp
+.L "char** vecload(char* string);"
+.L "char** vecfile(const char* path);"
+.L "char** vecstring(const char* string);"
+.L "void vecfree(char**, int);"
+.L "int vecargs(char** vec, int* argcp, char*** argvp);"
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.L vecload
+loads a string vector from lines in
+.LR string .
+.L string
+may be modified upon return.
+Each line in 
+.L string
+is treated as a new vector element.
+Lines with
+.L #
+as the first character are comments.
+.I \enewline
+joins consecutive lines.
+A string vector pointer is returned, 0 on error.
+.PP
+.L vecfile
+constructs a string vector by calling 
+.L vecload 
+on the contents of the file named by
+.LR path .
+The string vector pointer is returned, 0 on error.
+.PP
+.L vecstring
+constructs a string vector by calling 
+.L vecload 
+on a copy of
+.LR string .
+The string vector pointer is returned, 0 on error.
+.PP
+.L vecfree
+frees a string vector allocated by
+.LR vecfile ,
+.L vecload
+or
+.LR vecstring .
+.PP
+.L vecargs
+inserts the string vector
+.L vec
+(as returned by
+.LR vecfile ,
+.L vecload
+or
+.LR vecstring )
+between 
+.L "(*argvp)[0]"
+and
+.LR "(*argvp)[1]" ,
+sliding
+.L "(*argvp)[1] ..."
+over.
+NULL and empty string args in
+.L vec
+are not copied.
+.L "vecfree(vec)"
+is called before the return.
+.L \-1
+is returned if the insertion failed.
+.SH EXAMPLES
+.L vecargs
+is commonly used to modify command 
+.L argv
+from fixed files.
+For example,
+.IR make (1)
+checks for the files
+.L ./Makeargs
+and
+.L ./makeargs
+to modify its arguments on startup.
+Its a handy way to override default options on a directory by directory basis
+without modify the standard control files
+(\f5Makefile\fP in this case.)
+.SH CAVEAT
+This paradigm is not recommended for all commands; only a few exceptions
+make sense.

cde/programs/dtksh/ksh93/src/lib/libast/man/vmalloc.3

@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+.\" $XConsortium: vmalloc.3 /main/2 1996/10/29 15:17:30 drk $
+.de MW
+\f5\\$1\fP
+..
+.TH VMALLOC 3 "16 January 1994"
+.SH NAME
+vmalloc \- virtual memory allocation
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.MW "#include <vmalloc.h>"
+.SS Regions
+.nf
+.MW "Vmalloc_t* vmopen(Vmdisc_t* disc, Vmethod_t* meth, int flags);"
+.MW "int vmclose(Vmalloc_t*);"
+.MW "int vmclear(Vmalloc_t*);"
+.MW "int vmcompact(Vmalloc_t* region);"
+.MW "int vmset(Vmalloc_t* region, int flags, int type);"
+.MW "Vmalloc_t* Vmheap;"
+.MW "Vmalloc_t* Vmregion;"
+.fi
+.SS "Allocation functions"
+.nf
+.MW "Void_t* vmalloc(Vmalloc_t* region, size_t size);"
+.MW "Void_t* vmalign(Vmalloc_t* region, size_t size, size_t align);"
+.MW "Void_t* vmresize(Vmalloc_t* region, Void_t* addr, size_t size, int type);"
+.MW "int vmfree(Vmalloc_t* region, Void_t* addr);"
+.fi
+.SS "Debugging"
+.nf
+.MW "int vmdbcheck(Vmalloc_t* vm);"
+.MW "int vmdbwatch(Void_t* addr);"
+.MW "static void vmdbwarn(Vmalloc_t*, char* mesg, int n);"
+.fi
+.SS "Profiling"
+.nf
+.MW "void vmprofile(Vmalloc_t* vm, int fd);"
+.fi
+.SS "Information and statistics"
+.nf
+.MW "Vmalloc_t* vmregion(Void_t* addr);"
+.MW "Void_t* vmsegment(Vmalloc_t* region, Void_t* addr);"
+.MW "long vmaddr(Vmalloc_t* region, Void_t* addr);"
+.MW "long vmsize(Vmalloc_t* region, Void_t* addr);"
+.MW "int vmstat(Vmalloc_t* vm, Vmstat_t* statb);"
+.MW "int vmtrace(int fd);"
+.fi
+.SS "Malloc-compatible functions"
+.nf
+.MW "Void_t* malloc(size_t size);"
+.MW "Void_t* realloc(Void_t* addr, size_t size);"
+.MW "Void_t* calloc(size_t n_obj, size_t s_obj);"
+.MW "int cfree(Void_t* addr);"
+.MW "void free(Void_t* addr);"
+.MW "Void_t* memalign(size_t align, size_t size);"
+.MW "Void_t* valloc(size_t size);"
+.fi
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+These functions for dynamic storage allocation work in
+\fIregions\fP of memory.
+Each region has an \fIallocation method\fP
+for parceling out blocks of storage and a
+\fImemory discipline\fP for obtaining raw space.
+Automatic locking prevents interference by reentrant
+access to a region.
+.PP
+Pointers to space have type \f5Void_t*\fP
+where \f5Void_t\fP is \f5#define\fPd as \f5void\fP if possible, otherwise \f5char\fP.
+Space is counted in type \f5size_t\fP.
+
+.ne 4
+.SS Regions
+Regions have type \f5Vmalloc_t\fP.
+Two predefined regions are pointed to by:
+.TP
+.MW Vmheap
+A general-purpose region, with best-fit
+allocation, and Unix memory discipline \f5Vmdcsbrk\fP.
+.TP
+.MW Vmregion
+The default region for malloc-compatible functions; initially
+the same as \f5Vmheap\fP.
+.PP
+These functions manipulate regions:
+.PP
+.I vmopen
+creates a region with memory discipline \fIdisc\fP,
+allocation method \fImeth\fP,
+and a setting for control \fIflags\fP.
+It returns a pointer to the region on success and \f5NULL\fP on failure.
+The flags, represented by bit values or-ed together, are:
+.TP
+.MW VM_TRUST
+Disable locking and consistency checks, except under method \f5Vmdebug\fP.
+.TP
+.MW VM_TRACE
+Place tracing messages for each allocation event
+on the tracing file established by \fIvmtrace\fP.
+This turns off \f5VM_TRUST\fP.
+.TP
+\f5VM_DBCHECK\fP, \f5VM_DBABORT\fP
+.br
+See \fBDebugging\fP below.
+.PP
+.I vmclose
+closes a \fIregion\fP and releases all associated memory
+according to the region's discipline.
+The first segment obtained from the discipline's
+\f5memoryf\fP function (see `Disciplines' below) will be the last released.
+\fIvmclose\fP returns \-1 on failure and a non-negative value otherwise.
+.PP
+.I vmclear
+frees all allocated blocks in \fIregion\fP regardless of methods.
+It returns \-1 on failure and a non-negative value otherwise.
+.PP
+.I vmcompact
+releases as much of a \fIregion\fP's
+free space to its discipline's \f5memoryf\fP
+function as possible.
+It returns a nonnegative value on success and \-1 on failure.
+.PP
+.I vmset
+adjusts and queries a \fIregion\fP's \fIflags\fP.
+The indicated flags are turned on if \fItype\fP is nonzero, off if zero.
+\fIvmset\fP returns the previous value of all flags.
+Thus, \f5vmset(region,0,0)\fP queries the flags without changing them.
+In addition to the settable flags, one of
+\f5VM_MTBEST\fP, \f5VM_MTDEBUG\fP, \f5VM_MTPROFILE\fP,
+\f5VM_MTPOOL\fP, or \f5VM_MTLAST\fP
+is returned to indicate the method used in creating the \fIregion\fP.
+
+.SS "Allocation functions"
+.I vmalloc
+returns a pointer to a block of the requested \fIsize\fP
+in a \fIregion\fP, aligned to the \fIstrictest alignment\fP
+that is suitable for the needs of any basic data type.
+It returns \f5NULL\fP on failure.
+.PP
+.I vmalign
+works like \fIvmalloc\fP, but returns a block aligned to a common
+multiple of \fIalign\fP and the \fIstrictest alignment\fP.
+.PP
+.I vmresize
+attempts to change the length of the block pointed to by
+\fIaddr\fP to the specified \fIsize\fP.
+If that is impossible and \fItype\fP
+is not 0, a new block is allocated and the old block is freed.
+If, in addition, \fItype\fP is positive, the new block is initialized with
+as much of the old contents as will fit.
+\fIvmresize\fP
+returns a pointer to the final block, or \f5NULL\fP on failure.
+If \fIaddr\fP is \f5NULL\fP, \fIvmresize\fP behaves like \fIvmalloc\fP;
+otherwise, if \fIsize\fP is 0, it behaves like \fIvmfree\fP.
+.PP
+.I vmfree
+makes the currently allocated block pointed to by
+\fIaddr\fP available for future allocations in its \fIregion\fP.
+If \fIaddr\fP is \f5NULL\fP, \fIvmfree\fP does nothing.
+It returns \-1 on error, and nonnegative otherwise.
+
+.SS "Memory disciplines"
+Memory disciplines have type \f5Vmdisc_t\fP,
+a structure with these members:
+.in +.5i
+.nf
+.MW "Void_t* (*memoryf)(Vmalloc_t *region, Void_t* obj,"
+.ti +.5i
+.MW "size_t csz, size_t nsz, Vmdisc_t *disc);"
+.MW "int (*exceptf)(Vmalloc_t *region, int type, Void_t* obj, Vmdisc_t *disc);"
+.MW "int round;"
+.fi
+.in -.5i
+.TP
+.MW round 
+If this value is positive, all size arguments to the
+\f5memoryf\fP function will be multiples of it.
+.TP
+.MW memoryf
+Points to a function to get or release segments of space for the
+\fIregion\fP.
+.TP
+.MW exceptf
+If this pointer is not \f5NULL\fP,
+the function it points to is called to announce
+events in a \fIregion\fP.
+.PP
+There are two standard disciplines.
+In both,
+\f5round\fP is 0, and \f5exceptf\fP is \f5NULL\fP.
+.TP
+.MW Vmdcsbrk
+A discipline whose \f5memoryf\fP function gets space from \fIsbrk\fP(2).
+.br
+.ns
+.TP
+.MW Vmdcheap
+A discipline whose \f5memoryf\fP function gets space from the region \f5Vmheap\fP.
+A region with \f5Vmdcheap\fP discipline and \f5Vmlast\fP
+allocation is good for building throwaway data structures.
+.PP
+A \fImemoryf\fP
+function returns a pointer to a memory segment on success, and \f5NULL\fP on failure.
+If \fIcsz\fP is 0, the function returns a new segment of size \fInsz\fP.
+Otherwise, the function attempts to change the length of the segment
+pointed to by \fIaddr\fP from \fIcsz\fP to \fInsz\fP.
+If this is successful, \f5memoryf\fP should return \fIaddr\fP (even if \fInsz\fP is 0).
+.PP
+An \fIexceptf\fP
+function is called for events identified by \fItype\fP, which is coded thus:
+.TP
+.MW VM_OPEN
+A new region is being opened.
+If this region is to manipulate memory
+already initialized by a previous \fIvmopen\fP call
+(perhaps by a different process on persistent or shared memory),
+the \fIexceptf\fP function should return a positive value.
+In addition, the argument \f5(Void_t**)\fP\fIobj\fP should be used
+to return the initial segment.
+If \fIexceptf\fP returns a non-positive value or if \f5*(Void_t**)\fP\fIobj\fP
+is \f5NULL\fP, the region opening proceeds normally.
+.TP
+.MW VM_CLOSE
+The region is being closed.
+If the \fIexceptf\fP
+function returns a negative value, the close will fail.
+.TP
+.MW VM_NOMEM
+An attempt to extend the region by the amount
+\f5(size_t)\fP\fIobj\fP failed. The region is unlocked, so the
+\fIexceptf\fP function may free blocks.
+If the function returns a positive value the memory
+request will be repeated; if zero, the allocation method
+will again invoke \fImemoryf\fP to get space;
+if negative, the allocation request will fail.
+.TP
+.MW VM_BADADDR
+Address \fIobj\fP, given to \fIvmfree\fP or \fIvmresize\fP,
+does not point to an allocated block from the region.
+
+.SS "Allocation methods"
+There are five methods, of type \f5Vmethod_t*\fP:
+.TP
+.MW Vmbest
+An approximately best-fit allocation strategy.
+.TP
+.MW Vmlast
+A strategy for building structures that are only deleted in whole.
+Only the latest allocated block can be freed or resized.
+This means that after a block \f5a\fP is allocated,
+all previously allocated blocks are frozen (see also \fIvmclear\fP)
+and only \f5a\fP can ever be freed or resized.
+.TP
+.MW Vmpool
+A strategy for blocks of one size,
+set by the first \fIvmalloc\fP call after \fIvmopen\fP or \fIvmclear\fP.
+.TP
+.MW Vmdebug
+An allocation strategy with extra-stringent checking and locking
+regardless of the \f5VM_TRUST\fP flag.
+It is useful for finding misuses of dynamically allocated
+memory, such as writing beyond the boundary of a block, or
+freeing a block twice.
+.ne 3
+.TP
+.MW Vmprofile
+An allocation method that records and prints summaries of memory usage.
+
+.SS Debugging
+The method \f5Vmdebug\fP is used to debug common memory violation problems.
+When a problem is found,
+a warning message is written to file descriptor 2 (standard error).
+In addition, if flag \f5VM_DBABORT\fP is on,
+the program is terminated by calling \fIabort\fP(2).
+Each message is a line of self-explanatory fields separated by colons.
+The optional flag \f5-DVMFL\fP, if used during compilation,
+enables recording of file names and line numbers.
+The following functions work with method \f5Vmdebug\fP.
+.PP
+.I vmdbcheck
+checks an entire \fIregion\fP
+for block boundary violations and other inconsistencies.  It calls
+\fIvmdbwarn\fP when errors are found.
+If flag \f5VM_DBCHECK\fP is on for the region, 
+\fIvmdbcheck\fP is called at each invocation of
+\fIvmalloc\fP, \fIvmfree\fP, or \fIvmresize\fP.
+.PP
+.I vmdbwatch
+causes address \fIaddr\fP
+to be watched, and reported whenever met in
+\fIvmalloc\fP, \fIvmresize\fP or \fIvmfree\fP.
+The watch list has finite size and if it becomes full,
+watches will be removed in a first-in-first-out fashion.
+If \fIaddr\fP is \f5NULL\fP,
+all current watches are canceled.
+\fIvmdbwatch\fP returns the watch bumped out due to an insertion
+into a full list or \f5NULL\fP otherwise.
+.PP
+.I vmdbwarn
+is an internal function that processes
+warning messages for discovered errors.
+It can't be called from outside the \fIvmalloc\fP package,
+but is a good place to plant debugger traps because
+control goes there at every trouble.
+
+.SS "Profiling"
+The method \f5Vmprofile\fP is used to profile memory usage.
+Profiling data are maintained in private memory of a process so
+\f5Vmprofile\fP should be avoided from regions manipulating
+persistent or shared memory.
+The optional flag \f5-DVMFL\fP, if used during compilation,
+enables recording of file names and line numbers.
+.PP
+.I vmprofile
+prints memory usage summary.
+The summary is restricted to region \fIvm\fP if \fIvm\fP is not \f5NULL\fP;
+otherwise, it is for all regions created with \f5Vmprofile\fP.
+Summary records are written to file descriptor \fIfd\fP as lines with
+colon-separated fields. Here are some of the fields:
+.TP
+.I n_alloc,n_free:
+Number of allocation and free calls respectively. Note that a resize
+operation is coded as a free and an allocation.
+.TP
+.I s_alloc,s_free:
+Total amounts allocated and freed. The difference between these numbers
+is the amount of space not yet freed.
+.TP
+.I max_busy, extent:
+These fields are only with the summary record for region.
+They show the maximum busy space at any time and the extent of the region.
+
+.SS "Information and statistics"
+.I vmregion
+returns the region to which the block pointed to by
+\fIaddr\fP belongs.
+This works only in regions that allocate with
+\f5Vmbest\fP, \f5Vmdebug\fP or \f5Vmprofile\fP.
+If multiple regions manipulate the same segment of memory,
+\fIvmregion\fP returns the region that causes the creation that memory segment.
+.PP
+.I vmsegment
+finds if some segment of memory in \fIregion\fP
+contains the address \fIaddr\fP.
+It returns the address of a found segment or \f5NULL\fP if none found.
+.PP
+.I vmaddr
+checks whether \fIaddr\fP
+points to an address within some allocated block of the given region.
+If not, it returns \-1.
+If so, it returns the offset from the beginning of the block.
+The function does not work for a \f5Vmlast\fP region except
+on the latest allocated block.
+.PP
+.I vmsize
+returns the size of the allocated block pointed to by \fIaddr\fP.
+It returns \-1 if \fIaddr\fP
+does not point to a valid block in the region.
+Sizes may be padded beyond that requested; in
+particular no block has size 0.
+The function does not work for a \f5Vmlast\fP region except
+on the latest allocated block.
+.PP
+.I vmstat
+gathers statistics on the given \fIregion\fP and returns that
+information in the \f5Vmstat_t\fP structure pointed to by \fIstatb\fP.
+A \f5Vmstat_t\fP structure has at least these members:
+.in +.5i
+.nf
+.ta \w'\f5size_t  \fP'u +\w'\f5extent    \fP'u
+.MW "int	n_busy;	/* number of busy blocks */
+.MW "int	n_free;	/* number of free blocks */
+.MW "size_t	s_busy;	/* total busy space */
+.MW "size_t	s_free;	/* total free space */
+.MW "size_t	m_busy;	/* maximum size of busy block */
+.MW "size_t	m_free;	/* maximum size of free block */
+.MW "int	n_seg;	/* number of segments in region */
+.MW "size_t	extent;	/* total size of the region */
+.fi
+.in -.5i
+.PP
+Bookeeping overhead is counted in \f5extent\fP,
+but not in \f5s_busy\fP or \f5s_free\fP.
+.PP
+.I vmtrace
+establishes file descriptor \fIfd\fP
+as the trace file and returns
+the previous value of the trace file descriptor.
+The trace descriptor is initially invalid.
+Output is sent to the trace file by successful allocation
+events when flag \f5VM_TRACE\fP is on.
+.PP
+Tools for analyzing traces are described in \fImtreplay\fP(1).
+The trace record for an allocation event
+is a line with colon-separated fields, four numbers and one string.
+.TP
+.I old
+Zero for a fresh allocation;
+the address argument for freeing and resizing.
+.TP
+.I new
+Zero for freeing;
+the address returned by allocation or resizing.
+.TP
+.I size
+The size argument for allocation or resizing;
+the size freed by freeing.
+Sizes may differ due to padding for alignment.
+.TP
+.I region
+The address of the affected region.
+.TP
+.I method
+A string that tells the region's method:
+\f5best\fP, \f5last\fP, \f5pool\fP, \f5profile\fP, or \f5debug\fP.
+
+.SS "Malloc-compatible functions"
+Functions in this set work in region \f5Vmregion\fP
+and provide the behaviors of \fImalloc\fP(3).
+The functions
+\fImemalign\fP and \fIvalloc\fP are like \fIvmalign\fP
+with the \fIregion\fP argument fixed to \f5Vmregion\fP; 
+\fIvalloc\fP further restricts alignment to page boundaries.
+.PP
+The \fImalloc\fP functions are instrumented for run-time debugging,
+profiling and tracing.
+When these modes are enable, time and space performance will be affected.
+For accurate reporting of files and line numbers,
+code should include \f5vmalloc.h\fP and compile with \f5-DVMFL\fP.
+
+The following environment variables drive different modes:
+.TP
+.I VMETHOD
+This defines the method to use for allocation.
+Its value should be one of the strings:
+\fIVmbest, Vmdebug, Vmprofile, Vmlast, Vmpool\fP.
+The 'V' can be in lower case.
+.TP
+.I VMDEBUG
+This is ignored if
+a method other than \f5Vmdebug\fP has been selected with \fIVMETHOD\fP.
+\fIVMDEBUG\fP can be any combination of `a',
+a decimal number and a list of hexadecimal numbers.
+`a' causes the program to abort on any discovered allocation error.
+A hexadecimal number starts with either \fI0x\fP or \fI0X\fP
+and defines an address to watch (see \fIvmdbwatch\fP).
+Any other number is taken to be decimal and defines a period \fIp\fP
+to check the arena for integrity. The default period is 1, ie, the
+arena is checked on every call to a \fImalloc\fP function.
+Other letters not part of the defined set are ignored.
+.TP
+.I VMPROFILE
+This is ignored if a method other than \f5Vmprofile\fP
+has been selected by \fIVMETHOD\fP or \fIVMDEBUG\fP.
+\fIVMPROFILE\fP defines a file name to store profile data.
+Each instance of the pattern `%p' found in \fIVMPROFILE\fP
+is transformed to the process id of the running process.
+If the file cannot be created, file descriptor 2 (standard error)
+is used for output.
+.TP
+.I VMTRACE
+If this defines a valid writable file, trace messages of all allocation calls
+are written to the given file (see \fIvmopen()\fP and \fIvmtrace()\fP).
+Similar to \fIVMPROFILE\fP, each instance of the pattern `%p' found
+in \fIVMTRACE\fP is turned to the process id of the running process.
+
+.SH SEE ALSO
+\fImtreplay\fP(1), \fImalloc\fP(3).
+
+.SH AUTHOR
+Kiem-Phong Vo, kpv@research.att.com, AT&T Bell Laboratories