1068 lines
41 KiB
Groff
1068 lines
41 KiB
Groff
.\" $XConsortium: dtlogin.man /main/2 1995/07/17 10:51:24 drk $
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.\" * *
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.\" * (c) Copyright 1993, 1994 Hewlett-Packard Company *
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.\" * (c) Copyright 1993, 1994 International Business Machines Corp. *
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.\" * (c) Copyright 1993, 1994 Sun Microsystems, Inc. *
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.\" * (c) Copyright 1993, 1994 Novell, Inc. *
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.\" *
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.TH DTLOGIN 1X
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.ds ]W HP DT 3.0 (6/92)
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.SH NAME
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\fBdtlogin \(em The HP DT Login Manager.\fP
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.sp 1
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B dtlogin
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[-config \fIconfiguration_file\fP]
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[-daemon]
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[-debug \fIdebug_level\fP]
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[-error \fIerror_log_file\fP]
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[-nodaemon]
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[-resources \fIresource_file\fP]
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[-server \fIserver_entry\fP]
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[-session \fIsession_program\fP]
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.sp 1
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.PP
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.I Dtlogin
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manages a collection of X displays, both local and possibly remote.
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The emergence of X terminals guided the design of several parts of this system,
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along with the development of the X Consortium standard XDMCP (
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\fIX Display Manager Control Protocol\fP).
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.I Dtlogin
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provides services similar to those provided by \fIinit\fP(1M),
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\fIgetty\fP(1M) and \fIlogin\fP(1) on character terminals: prompting
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for login and password, authenticating the user, and running a ``session.''
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.PP
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A ``session'' is defined by the lifetime of a particular process; in the
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traditional character-based terminal world, it is the user's login shell
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process.
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In the HP DT
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context, it is the HP DT Session Manager.
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This is because
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in a windowing
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environment, a user's login shell process does not necessarily have any
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terminal-like interface with which to connect.
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.PP
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If the HP DT Session Manager is not used, the typical
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.I dtlogin
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substitute is either a window manager with an exit option, or a
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terminal emulator running a shell, where the lifetime of the
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terminal emulator is the lifetime of the shell process
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that it is running;
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thus reducing the X session to an emulation of the
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character-based terminal session.
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.PP
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When the session is terminated,
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.I dtlogin
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resets the X server and (optionally) restarts the whole process.
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.PP
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Because
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.I dtlogin
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provides the first interface that users see, it is designed to be
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simple to use and easy to customize to the needs of a particular site.
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.PP
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.sp 1
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.SH OPTIONS
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.PP
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All options, except \fB-config\fP,
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specify values that can also be specified in the configuration file
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as resources.
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Typically, customization is done via the configuration file
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rather than command line options.
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The options are most useful for debugging and one-shot tests.
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.IP "\fB-config\fP \fIconfiguration_file\fP"
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Specifies a resource file that specifies the remaining configuration
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parameters. If no file is specified and the file
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\fI/usr/dt/config/Xconfig\fP exists,
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.I dtlogin
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uses it.
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.IP "\fB-daemon\fP"
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Specifies ``true'' as the value for the \fBdaemonMode\fP
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resource. This makes
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.I dtlogin
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close all file descriptors, disassociate the controlling terminal and put
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itself in the background when it first starts up (just like the host
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of other daemons).
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.IP "\fB-debug\fP \fIdebug_level\fP"
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Specifies the numeric value for the \fBdebugLevel\fP
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resource. A non-zero value causes
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.I dtlogin
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to print debugging statements to the terminal; it also disables the
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\fBdaemonMode\fP resource, forcing
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.I dtlogin
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to run synchronously.
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.IP "\fB-error\fP \fIerror_log_file\fP"
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Specifies the value for the \fBerrorLogFile\fP resource.
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This file contains errors from
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.I dtlogin
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as well as anything written to \fIstderr\fP by the various scripts and programs
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run during the progress of the session.
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.IP "\fB-nodaemon\fP"
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Specifies ``false'' as the value for the \fBdaemonMode\fP
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resource.
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.IP "\fB-resources\fP \fIresource_file\fP"
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Specifies the value for the \fBresources\fP resource. This file
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is loaded using \fIxrdb (1)\fP to specify configuration parameters for the
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authentication screen.
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.IP "\fB-server\fP \fIserver_entry\fP"
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Specifies the value for the \fBservers\fP resource.
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See \fBservers\fP below for more detail.
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.IP "\fB-udpPort\fP \fIport_number\fP"
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Specifies the value for the \fBrequestPort\fP resource. This
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sets the port-number that \fIdtlogin\fR monitors for XDMCP requests.
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Since XDMCP
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uses the registered well-known udp port 177, this resource should probably
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not be changed except for debugging.
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.IP "\fB-session\fP \fIsession_program\fP"
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Specifies the value for the \fBsession\fP resource. This
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indicates the program to run when the user has logged in as the session.
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.sp 1
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.SH "CONTROLLING THE SERVER"
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.I Dtlogin
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controls local servers using POSIX signals. SIGHUP is expected to reset the
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server, closing all client connections and performing other clean up
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duties. SIGTERM is expected to terminate the server. If these signals do
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not perform the expected actions,
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the resources \fBresetSignal\fP and \fBtermSignal\fP
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can specify alternate signals.
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.PP
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To control remote servers not using XDMCP,
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.I dtlogin
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searches the window hierarchy on the display and uses the KillClient
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protocol request
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in an attempt to clean up the terminal for the next session. This
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may not actually kill all of the clients, since only those that have created
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windows are noticed. XDMCP provides a more sure mechanism; when
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.I dtlogin
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closes its initial connection, the session is over and the terminal is
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required to close all other connections.
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.sp 1
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.SH "CONTROLLING DTLOGIN"
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.PP
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.I Dtlogin
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responds to two signals: SIGHUP and SIGTERM. When sent a SIGHUP,
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.I dtlogin
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rereads the configuration file and the file specified by the
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\fBservers\fP resource and determines whether entries have been added
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or removed. If a new entry has been added,
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.I dtlogin
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starts a session on the associated display. Entries that have been removed
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are disabled immediately, meaning that any session in progress is
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terminated without notice, and no new session is started.
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.PP
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When sent a SIGTERM,
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.I dtlogin
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terminates all sessions in progress and exits. This can be used when
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shutting down the system.
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.\".PP
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.\".I Dtlogin
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.\"attempts to mark the various sub-processes for ps(1) by editing the
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.\"command line argument list in place. Because dtlogin can't allocate additional
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.\"space for this task, it is useful to start dtlogin with a reasonably long
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.\"command line (15 to 20 characters should be enough). Each process that is
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.\"servicing a display is marked "-<Display-Name>".
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.sp 1
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.SH ENVIRONMENT
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\fIDtlogin\fP invokes the user's session with the following default
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environment:
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.nf
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.ta .5i 2i
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DISPLAY is set to the associated display name
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EDITOR is set to /usr/dt/bin/dtpad
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HOME is set to the home directory of the user
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KBD_LANG is set to the value of LANG for applicable languages
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LANG is set to the current NLS language (if any)
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LC_ALL is set to the current NLS language (if any)
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LC_MESSAGES is set to the current NLS language (if any)
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LOGNAME is set to the user name
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MAIL is set to /usr/mail/$USER
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PATH is set to the value of the \fBuserPath\fP resource
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USER is set to the user name
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SHELL is set to the user's default shell (from /etc/passwd)
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TERM is set to xterm
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TZ is set to the value of the \fBtimeZone\fP resource or system default
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XAUTHORITY may be set to an authority file
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.fi
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.PP
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Three methods are available to modify or add to this list depending on the
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desired scope of the resulting environment variable.
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The \fBenvironment\fP resource is available in the \fIdtlogin\fR
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configuration file to allow
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setting of environment variables on a global or per-display basis.
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Variables specified by this method are available to both the display's
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X server process
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and the user's session and override any default settings.
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The resource accepts a string of <name>=<value> pairs separated by at
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least one space
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or tab.
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The values specified must be constants because no shell is used to parse the
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string.
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See the \fBResources\fP section below for details on setting this resource.
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.sp
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For example:
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.nf
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.ta .5i 2i
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Dtlogin*environment: SB_DISPLAY_ADDR=0xB00000 \\
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WMSHMSPC=0x200000
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.fi
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.sp 1
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Note: The environment variables LANG and TZ have their own
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dedicated resources
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in the configuration file and should not be set via \fBenvironment\fR.
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.sp 1
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Environment variables that require processing by a shell or are
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dependent on the value of another environment variable can be specified
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in the startup script \fIXsession\fR. These variables are loaded into
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the environment of all users on the display, but not to the X server process.
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They override any previous settings of the same variable.
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The \fIXsession\fR script accepts ksh syntax for setting environment
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variables.
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.sp 1
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For example.
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.nf
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.ta .5i 3i
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MAIL=/usr/mail/$USER
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.fi
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.sp 1
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Finally, personal environment variables can be set on a per-user basis
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in the script file $HOME/\fI.dtprofile\fP.
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\fIDtlogin\fP accepts either sh, ksh, or csh syntax for the commands
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in this file.
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The commands should only be those that set environment variables, not any
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that perform terminal I/O, excepting \fItset(1)\fP or \fIstty(1)\fP.
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If the first line of \fI.dtprofile\fP is #!/bin/sh, #!/bin/ksh, or
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#!/bin/csh, \fIdtlogin\fP uses the appropriate shell to
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parse \fI.dtprofile\fP.
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Otherwise, the user's default shell ($SHELL) is used.
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.\".PP
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.\"To ease maintenance, the user may wish to replace complementary environment
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.\"setting commands in $HOME/\fI.profile\fP ( $HOME/\fI.login\fP ) with the
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.\"single command ". $HOME/\fI.dtprofile\fP" (source $HOME/\fI.dtprofile\fP).
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.sp 1
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.SH INTERNATIONALIZATION
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All labels and messages are localizable.
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The message catalog \fIdtlogin.cat\fP contains the localized
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representations of the default labels and messages.
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\fIDtlogin\fP reads the appropriate message catalog indicated by the
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\fBLANG\fP environment variable and displays the localized strings.
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An option on the authentication screen allows the user to override the
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default language for the subsequent session.
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If the authentication screen has been localized for the selected language,
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it is redisplayed in that language;
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otherwise, it is displayed in the default language.
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In either case, the \fBLANG\fP environment variable is set
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appropriately for the resulting session.
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.PP
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The resource \fBlanguage\fP is available in the \fIdtlogin\fP configuration
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file to change the default language for a display.
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.PP
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The resource \fBlanguagelist\fP is also available in the \fIdtlogin\fP configuration
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file to override the default set of languages displayed on the
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authentication screen.
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.sp 1
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.SH RESOURCES
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The actions of
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.I dtlogin
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can be controlled through the use of various configuration files, which
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are in the
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X resource format.
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Some resources control the behavior of \fIdtlogin\fR in general, some can
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be specified for a particular display, and others control the appearance of
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the authentication screen.
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The general and display-specific resources are specified in the
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configuration file named by
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the \fB-config\fR command line option.
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All resources should be prepended with the application name \fBDtlogin\fR.
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.sp 1
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.TS
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center;
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cB sss
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lB lB lB lB
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l l l l.
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Dtlogin General Resource Set
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Name Class Type Default
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_
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accessFile AccessFile String NULL
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autoRescan AutoRescan Boolean True
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daemonMode DaemonMode Boolean False
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debugLevel DebugLevel Int 0
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errorLogFile ErrorLogFile String NULL
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errorLogSize ErrorLogSize Int 50
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keyFile KeyFile String /usr/dt/config/Xkeys
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lockPidFile LockPidFile Boolean True
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pidFile PidFile String NULL
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authDir AuthDir String /usr/dt/config
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removeDomainname RemoveDomainname Boolean True
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requestPort RequestPort Int 177
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servers Servers String :0 Local local /usr/bin/X11/X :0
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sysParmsFile SysParmsFile String /etc/src.sh
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timeZone TimeZone String MST7MDT
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wakeupInterval WakeupInterval Int 10
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.TE
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.sp 1
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The \fIdtlogin\fP general resources are not display-specific and
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are applied to all displays where appropriate.
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.sp 1
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.IP "\fBaccessFile\fP"
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To prevent unauthorized XDMCP service
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this file contains a database of hostnames which are
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allowed direct access to this machine.
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The format of this file is described
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in the section
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.B "Xdmcp Access Control."
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.IP "\fBauthDir\fP"
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This is a directory name that
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.I dtlogin
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uses to temporarily store authorization files for displays using XDMCP.
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.IP "\fBautoRescan\fP"
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This boolean controls whether
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.I dtlogin
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rescans the configuration file and server file after a session terminates
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and the files have changed. You can force
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.I dtlogin
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to reread these files by sending a SIGHUP to the main process.
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.IP "\fBdaemonMode\fP"
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.I Dtlogin
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can make itself into an unassociated daemon process. This is
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accomplished by forking and leaving the parent process to exit, then closing
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file descriptors and releasing the controlling terminal. This is inconvenient
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when attempting to debug
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.I dtlogin.
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Setting this resource to "false" disables \fBdaemonMode\fP.
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.sp 1
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If
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.I dtlogin
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is started from /etc/inittab, it should not be run in daemon mode.
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Otherwise the \fIinit\fP process will think it has terminated and will
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attempt to restart it.
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.IP "\fBdebugLevel\fP"
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A non-zero value specified for this integer resource enables
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debugging information to be printed. It also disables daemon mode, which
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redirects the information into the bit-bucket. Specifying a non-zero
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debug level also allows non-root users to run
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.I dtlogin,
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which is not normally useful.
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.IP "\fBerrorLogFile\fP"
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Error output is normally directed at the system console. To redirect it,
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set this resource to any file name.
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This file also contains any output directed to stderr
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by \fIXstartup, Xsession \fPand \fIXreset\fP, so it contains descriptions
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of problems in those scripts as well.
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.IP "\fBerrorLogSize\fP"
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This resource specifies the maximum size of the error log file in kilobytes.
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When the limit is reached, \fIdtlogin\fP will delete the oldest entries in the
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file until the file size is reduced to 75% of the maximum.
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.IP "\fBkeyFile\fP"
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XDM-AUTHENTICATION-1 style XDMCP authentication requires that a private key
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be shared between
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.I dtlogin
|
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and the terminal. This resource specifies the file containing those
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values. Each entry in the file consists of a display name and the shared
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key. By default,
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.I dtlogin
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does not include support for XDM-AUTHENTICATION-1 because it requires DES, which
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is not generally distributable.
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.IP "\fBlockPidFile\fP"
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This is the resource that controls whether
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.I dtlogin
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uses file locking to prevent multiple logins.
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.IP "\fBpidFile\fP"
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The filename specified is created to contain an ASCII
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representation of the process-id of the main \fIdtlogin\fP process. This is
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quite useful when reinitializing the system.
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.I Dtlogin
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also uses file locking to attempt to prevent more than one daemon running on
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the same machine.
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.IP "\fBremoveDomainname\fP"
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When computing the display name for XDMCP clients, the resolver
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typically creates a fully qualified host name for the terminal. As this is
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sometimes confusing,
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.I dtlogin
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removes the domain name portion of the host name if it is the same as the
|
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domain name for the local host when this variable is set.
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.IP "\fBrequestPort\fP"
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This indicates the UDP port number that
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.I dtlogin
|
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uses to listen for incoming XDMCP requests. Unless you need to debug the
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system, leave this with its default value.
|
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.IP "\fBservers\fP"
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This resource either specifies a file name full of server entries, one per
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line (if the value starts with a slash), or a single server entry. Each
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entry indicates a display that should constantly be managed and that is
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not using XDMCP. Each entry consists of at least three parts: a display
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name, a display class, a display type, and (for local servers) a command
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line to start the server. A typical entry for local display number 0 is:
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.nf
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:0 Local local@console /usr/bin/X11/X :0
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.fi
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The display types are:
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.ta .5i
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.nf
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local a local display, i.e. one that has a server program to run
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foreign a remote display, i.e. one that has no server program to run
|
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.fi
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.IP
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The display name must be something that can be passed in the \fB-display\fP
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option to any X program. This string is used in the display-specific
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resources to specify the particular display, so be careful to match the
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names (e.g., use ":0 local /usr/bin/X11/X :0" instead of "localhost:0 local
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|
/usr/bin/X11/X :0" if your other resources are specified as
|
|
"Dtlogin._0.session"). The display class portion is also used in the
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|
display-specific resources as the class portion of the resource. This is
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|
useful if you have a large collection of similar displays (a group of
|
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X terminals, for example) and want to set resources for groups of them. When using
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XDMCP, the display is required to specify the display class, so perhaps your
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X terminal documentation describes a reasonably standard display class
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string for your device.
|
|
.sp1
|
|
On local bitmaps, the user may choose a "No Windows" option via the login
|
|
screen, which temporarily suspends the X-server and presents
|
|
the traditional character "login:" prompt.
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|
The user can then log in and perform non-X related tasks.
|
|
When the user finishes and logs out, the X-server is restarted, and
|
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the login screen is redisplayed.
|
|
.sp1
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In order to support "No Windows" mode, the display must have an associated
|
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Internal Terminal Emulator (\fBITE\fP) device.
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By default,
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|
.I dtlogin
|
|
associates the \fBITE\fP device "console" (/dev/console) with display ":0".
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|
If your configuration does not match this default, specify "@<device>" for
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the display(s) with an associated \fBITE\fP and "@none" for all other displays
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listed in the \fBservers\fP file.
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|
.IP "\fBsysParmsFile\fP"
|
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This resource specifies a file containing shell commands, one of which sets
|
|
the timezone environment variable (TZ) for the system.
|
|
If the timezone is set via the shell syntax, "TZ=", \fIdtlogin\fP can
|
|
use this information to set the timezone for the user session.
|
|
.IP "\fBtimeZone\fP"
|
|
This resource specifies the local time zone for \fIdtlogin\fR.
|
|
It is loaded into the environment of \fIdtlogin\fR as the value of
|
|
the variable \fBTZ\fR and inherited by all subsequent sessions.
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
Some systems maintain a configuration file that contains the timezone
|
|
setting (ex. /etc/src.sh).
|
|
See the resource \fBsysParmsFile\fP.
|
|
.IP "\fBwakeupInterval\fP"
|
|
If the user selects "No Windows" mode from the login screen, \fIdtlogin\fP
|
|
terminates the X-server and allows the traditional character-based login
|
|
prompt, "login:" to become visible.
|
|
If the user does not log in within 2 * \fBwakeupInterval\fP seconds, the
|
|
X-server is restarted. Once the user has logged in, \fIdtlogin\fP checks
|
|
every \fBwakeupInterval\fP seconds to see if the user has logged out. If
|
|
so, the X-server is restarted and the login screen is redisplayed.
|
|
.sp 2
|
|
.TS
|
|
center;
|
|
cB sss
|
|
lB lB lB lB
|
|
l l l l.
|
|
Dtlogin Display Resource Set
|
|
Name Class Type Default
|
|
_
|
|
authorize Authorize Boolean False
|
|
authName AuthName String MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1
|
|
authFile AuthFile String /usr/dt/config/auth-server
|
|
cpp Cpp String /lib/cpp
|
|
environment Environment String NULL
|
|
failsafeClient FailsafeClient String /usr/bin/X11/xterm
|
|
grabServer GrabServer Boolean True
|
|
grabTimeout GrabTimeout Int 3 sec.
|
|
language Language String NULL
|
|
languageList LanguageList String NULL
|
|
openDelay OpenDelay Int 5 sec.
|
|
openRepeat OpenRepeat Int 5 sec.
|
|
openTimeout OpenTimeout Int 30 sec.
|
|
pingInterval PingInterval Int 5 min.
|
|
pingTimeout PingTimeout Int 5 min.
|
|
reset Reset String NULL
|
|
resetForAuth ResetForAuth Boolean False
|
|
resetSignal Signal Int 1 (SIGHUP)
|
|
resources Resources String NULL
|
|
session Session String NULL
|
|
startAttempts StartAttempts Int 4
|
|
startup Startup String NULL
|
|
systemPath SystemPath String /usr/bin/X11:/bin:/usr/bin:/etc
|
|
systemShell SystemShell String /bin/sh
|
|
terminateServer TerminateServer Boolean False
|
|
termSignal Signal Int 15 (SIGTERM)
|
|
userAuthDir UserAuthDir String /tmp
|
|
userPath UserPath String /usr/bin/X11:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/contrib/bin:/usr/local/bin
|
|
dtlite Dtlite Boolean False
|
|
xrdb Xrdb String /usr/bin/X11/xrdb
|
|
.TE
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fIDtlogin\fR display resources can be specified for all displays or for
|
|
a particular display.
|
|
To specify a particular display,
|
|
the display name is inserted into the resource name between
|
|
``Dtlogin'' and the final resource name segment.
|
|
For example, \fBDtlogin.expo_0.startup\fP is the name of the
|
|
resource defining the startup shell file on the ``expo:0'' display.
|
|
The resource
|
|
manager separates the name of the resource from its value with colons, and
|
|
separates resource name parts with dots, so
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
uses underscores for the dots and colons when generating the resource
|
|
name.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Resources can also be specified for a class of displays by inserting the
|
|
class name instead of a display name.
|
|
A display that is not managed by XDMCP can have its class affiliation
|
|
specified in the file referenced by the \fBservers\fR resource.
|
|
A display using XDMCP supplies its class affiliation as part of the
|
|
XDMCP packet.
|
|
.sp 2
|
|
.IP "\fBauthorize\fP"
|
|
\fBauthorize\fP is a boolean resource that controls whether
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
generates and uses authorization for the server connections. (See
|
|
\fBauthName\fP.)
|
|
.IP "\fBauthName\fP"
|
|
If \fBauthorize\fP is used, \fBauthName\fP specifies the type of
|
|
authorization to be used.
|
|
Currently,
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
supports only MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 authorization,
|
|
XDM-AUTHORIZATION-1
|
|
could be supported, but DES is not generally distributable. XDMCP
|
|
connections state which authorization types are supported dynamically, so
|
|
\fBauthName\fP is ignored in this case.
|
|
.\"When \fBauthorize\fP is set for a
|
|
.\"display and authorization is not available, the user is informed by having a
|
|
.\"different message displayed in the login widget.
|
|
(See \fBauthorize\fP.)
|
|
.IP "\fBauthFile\fP"
|
|
This file is used to communicate the authorization data from \fIdtlogin\fP to
|
|
the server, using the \fI-auth\fP server command line option. It should be
|
|
kept in a write-protected directory to prevent its erasure, which would
|
|
disable the authorization mechanism in the server.
|
|
.IP "\fBcpp\fP"
|
|
This specifies the name of the C preprocessor that is used by xrdb.
|
|
.IP "\fBenvironment\fP"
|
|
This resource can contain a set of <name>=<value> pairs separated by a space
|
|
or tab.
|
|
Each item is loaded into the environment of the server and session.
|
|
See the \fBEnvironment\fR section for details.
|
|
.IP "\fBfailsafeClient\fP"
|
|
If the default session fails to execute,
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
falls back to this program. This program is executed with no
|
|
arguments, but executes using the same environment variables as
|
|
the session would have had. (See \fBThe Xsession File\fP below.)
|
|
.IP "\fBgrabServer\fP (See \fBgrabTimeout\fP.)"
|
|
.IP "\fBgrabTimeout\fP"
|
|
To improve security,
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
grabs the server and keyboard while reading the name and password. The
|
|
\fBgrabServer\fP resource specifies if the server should be held while
|
|
the name and password is read. When FALSE, the server is ungrabbed
|
|
after the keyboard grab succeeds; otherwise, the server is grabbed until just
|
|
before the session begins. The \fBgrabTimeout\fP resource specifies
|
|
the maximum time
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
will wait for the grab to succeed. The grab may fail if some other
|
|
client has the server grabbed, or possibly if the network latencies
|
|
are very high. The \fBgrabTimeout\fP resource has a default of
|
|
3 seconds; be cautious when using this resource, since a user
|
|
can be deceived by a look-alike window on the display. If the grab fails,
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
kills and restarts the server (if possible) and session.
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
Some X-terminals cannot display their configuration screens while the server
|
|
is grabbed.
|
|
Setting \fBgrabServer\fP to false will allow the screens to be displayed,
|
|
but opens the possibility that a user's login name can be stolen by copying
|
|
the contents of the login screen.
|
|
Since the keyboard is still grabbed and the password is not echoed, the
|
|
password cannot be stolen.
|
|
.IP "\fBlanguage\fP"
|
|
This resource specifies the default setting for the \fBLANG\fR environment
|
|
variable.
|
|
If the \fIdtlogin\fR screen is localized for that
|
|
language, it is displayed appropriately; otherwise, it is displayed
|
|
in the language "C".
|
|
The user may temporarily override this setting via an option on the login
|
|
screen.
|
|
When the subsequent session terminates, the \fBLANG\fR variable
|
|
reverts to this setting.
|
|
.IP "\fBlanguageList\fP"
|
|
This resource allows the user to override the default set of languages
|
|
displayed in the "Language" menu of the login screen.
|
|
It is useful if the set of languages actually used on a particular display
|
|
is smaller than the set installed on the system.
|
|
The resource value is a list of valid values for the \fBLANG\fP environment
|
|
variable.
|
|
Language values should be separated by one or more spaces or tabs.
|
|
.IP "\fBopenDelay\fP (See \fBstartAttempts\fP.)"
|
|
.IP "\fBopenRepeat\fP (See \fBstartAttempts\fP.)"
|
|
.IP "\fBopenTimeout\fP (See \fBstartAttempts\fP.)"
|
|
.IP "\fBpingInterval\fP (See \fBpingTimeout\fP.)"
|
|
.IP "\fBpingTimeout\fP"
|
|
To discover when remote displays disappear,
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
occasionally "pings" them, using an X connection and sending XSync
|
|
requests. \fBpingInterval\fP specifies the time (in minutes) between
|
|
successive ping attempts, and \fBpingTimeout\fP specifies the maximum
|
|
wait time (in
|
|
minutes) for the terminal to respond to the request. If the
|
|
terminal does not respond, the session is terminated.
|
|
.I Dtlogin
|
|
does not ping local displays. Although it may seem harmless, it is
|
|
undesirable when the workstation session is terminated as a result of the
|
|
server hanging for NFS service and not responding to the ping.
|
|
.IP "\fBreset\fP"
|
|
This specifies a program that is run (as root) after the session terminates.
|
|
By default no program is run.
|
|
The conventional name is \fIXreset\fP. See
|
|
\fBThe Xreset File\fP below.
|
|
.IP "\fBresetForAuth\fP"
|
|
The original implementation of authorization in the sample server reread the
|
|
authorization file at server reset time, instead of when checking the
|
|
initial connection. Since
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
generates the authorization information just before connecting to the
|
|
display, an old server does not get current authorization information.
|
|
This resource causes
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
to send SIGHUP to the server after setting up the file, causing an
|
|
additional server reset to occur, during which time the new authorization
|
|
information is read.
|
|
.IP "\fBresetSignal\fP"
|
|
This resource specifies the signal
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
sends to reset the server.
|
|
See the section \fBControlling The Server\fP
|
|
.IP "\fBresources\fP"
|
|
This resource specifies the name of the file to be loaded by \fIxrdb (1)\fP
|
|
as the resource data-base onto the root window of screen 0 of the display.
|
|
This resource data base is loaded just before the authentication procedure
|
|
is started, so it can control the appearance of the "login" window. See the
|
|
section below on the authentication screen, which describes the various
|
|
resources that are appropriate to place in this file. There is no
|
|
default value for this resource, but the conventional name is \fIXresources\fP.
|
|
See \fBAuthentication Screen Resources\fP below.
|
|
.IP "\fBsession\fP"
|
|
This specifies the session to be executed (not running as root).
|
|
By default, \fI/usr/bin/X11/xterm\fP is
|
|
run. The conventional name is \fIXsession\fP. See \fBThe Xsession File\fP
|
|
below.
|
|
.IP "\fBstartAttempts\fP"
|
|
Four numeric resources control the behavior of
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
when attempting to open reluctant servers: \fBopenDelay\fP,
|
|
\fBopenRepeat\fP, \fBopenTimeout\fP, and \fBstartAttempts\fP.
|
|
\fBopenDelay\fP is the duration (in seconds) between successive attempts;
|
|
\fBopenRepeat\fP is the number of attempts to make; \fBopenTimeout\fP is
|
|
the amount of time to wait while actually attempting the opening (i.e.,
|
|
the maximum time spent in the \fIconnect\fP (2) syscall); and
|
|
\fBstartAttempts\fP is the number of times the entire process occurs before
|
|
giving up on the server. After \fBopenRepeat\fP attempts have been made,
|
|
or if \fBopenTimeout\fP seconds elapse in any particular attempt,
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
terminates and restarts the server, attempting to connect again. This
|
|
process is repeated \fBstartAttempts\fP time, at which point the display is
|
|
declared dead and disabled. (See \fBopenDelay\fP, \fBopenRepeat\fP,
|
|
and \fBopenTimeout\fP.)
|
|
.IP "\fBstartup\fP"
|
|
This specifies a program that is run (as root) after the authentication
|
|
process succeeds. By default, no program is run. The conventional name for a
|
|
file used here is \fIXstartup\fP. See the \fBXstartup\fP section below.
|
|
.IP "\fBsystemPath\fP"
|
|
.I Dtlogin
|
|
sets the PATH environment variable for the startup and reset scripts to the
|
|
value of this resource. Note the
|
|
conspicuous absence of "." from this entry. This is a good practice to
|
|
follow for root; it avoids many system penetration
|
|
schemes.
|
|
.IP "\fBsystemShell\fP"
|
|
.I Dtlogin
|
|
sets the SHELL environment variable for the startup and reset scripts to the
|
|
value of this resource.
|
|
.IP "\fBterminateServer\fP"
|
|
This boolean resource specifies whether the X server should be terminated
|
|
when a session terminates (instead of resetting it).
|
|
This option can be
|
|
used if the server tends to grow without bound over
|
|
time in order to limit
|
|
the amount of time the server is run continuously.
|
|
.IP "\fBtermSignal\fP"
|
|
This resource specifies the signal
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
sends to terminate the server.
|
|
See the section \fBControlling The Server\fP
|
|
.IP "\fBuserAuthDir\fP"
|
|
When
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
cannot write to the usual user authorization file ($HOME/.Xauthority),
|
|
it creates a unique file name in this directory and points the environment
|
|
variable XAUTHORITY at the created file.
|
|
.IP "\fBuserPath\fP"
|
|
.I Dtlogin
|
|
sets the PATH environment variable for the session to this value. It should
|
|
be a colon-separated list of directories; see \fIsh(1)\fP for a full
|
|
description.
|
|
.IP "\fBdtlite\fP"
|
|
Setting this resource to "True" restricts the display to only allowing
|
|
fail-safe or DT Lite sessions.
|
|
The "HP DT Session" selection is disabled.
|
|
.IP "\fBxrdb\fP"
|
|
Specifies the program used to load the resources.
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.SH "AUTHENTICATION SCREEN RESOURCES"
|
|
The authentication screen reads a name-password pair
|
|
from the keyboard.
|
|
As this is a Motif toolkit client, colors, fonts and
|
|
some layout options can be controlled with resources.
|
|
Resources for this screen
|
|
should be put into the file named by the
|
|
\fBresources\fP resource.
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
The default logo on the authentication screen may be replaced
|
|
with a bitmap of the
|
|
user's choice.
|
|
The following resources are available in addition to the standard Motif set
|
|
in order to control positioning of the logo and the drop shadow.
|
|
The resources should be prefaced with the string \fBDtlogin*logo*\fR
|
|
when specified.
|
|
.sp1
|
|
.TS
|
|
center;
|
|
cB sss
|
|
lB lB lB lB
|
|
l l l l.
|
|
Logo Resource Set
|
|
Name Class Type Default
|
|
_
|
|
bitmapFile BitmapFile String NULL
|
|
dropShadowBackground DropShadowBackground Pixel dynamic
|
|
dropShadowForeground DropShadowForeground Pixel dynamic
|
|
dropShadowBackgroundPixmap DropShadowBackgroundPixmap String dynamic
|
|
dropShadowThickness DropShadowThickness Int dynamic
|
|
verticalOffset VerticalOffset Int dynamic
|
|
x X Position -1
|
|
y X Position -1
|
|
.TE
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.\".RS
|
|
.IP "\fBbitmapFile\fP"
|
|
Specifies the absolute path name to the bitmap file to be used for the logo.
|
|
.IP "\fBdropShadowBackground\fP"
|
|
Specifes the background color for the drop shadow.
|
|
.IP "\fBdropShadowForeground\fP"
|
|
Specifes the foreground color for the drop shadow.
|
|
.IP "\fBdropShadowBackgroundPixmap\fP"
|
|
Specifes the pixmap to be used for the drop shadow.
|
|
This can either be a built-in Motif pixmap or the absolute path name to
|
|
a bitmap to be used as the tile for the drop shadow.
|
|
.IP "\fBdropShadowThickness\fP"
|
|
Specifes the thickness of the drop shadow in units of pixels.
|
|
.IP "\fBverticalOffset\fP"
|
|
Specifes the percentage of the logo to be positioned vertically off the main
|
|
matte.
|
|
By default the logo is centered horizontally and positioned vertically by
|
|
this amount above the matte.
|
|
This resource is ignored if \fBy\fR is specified.
|
|
.IP "\fBx\fP"
|
|
Specifes the \fIx\fR origin for the logo in units of pixels.
|
|
This resource overrides the default horizontal centering of the logo.
|
|
.IP "\fBy\fP"
|
|
Specifes the \fIy\fR origin for the logo in units of pixels.
|
|
This resource overrides the default vertical positioning of the logo.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.sp2
|
|
The default welcome message on the authentication screen may also be replaced
|
|
with a message of the user's choice.
|
|
The following resources are available
|
|
to control content and positioning of the welcome message.
|
|
The resources should be prefaced with the string \fBDtlogin*greeting*\fR
|
|
when specified.
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.TS
|
|
center;
|
|
cB sss
|
|
lB lB lB lB
|
|
l l l l.
|
|
Greeting Resource Set
|
|
Name Class Type Default
|
|
_
|
|
alignment Alignment char ALIGNMENT_CENTER
|
|
background Background Pixel dynamic
|
|
foreground Foreground Pixel dynamic
|
|
fontList FontList FontList dynamic
|
|
labelString String String Welcome to %LocalHost%
|
|
x X Position dynamic
|
|
y X Position dynamic
|
|
.TE
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.\".RS
|
|
.IP "\fBalignment\fP"
|
|
Specifies the alignment of text in the welcome message. Possible values
|
|
are ALIGNMENT_BEGINNING, ALIGNMENT_CENTER, and ALIGNMENT_END.
|
|
.IP "\fBbackground\fP"
|
|
Specifes the background color for the welcome message.
|
|
.IP "\fBforeground\fP"
|
|
Specifes the foreground color for the welcome message.
|
|
.IP "\fBfontList\fP"
|
|
Specifes the font to use for the welcome message.
|
|
.IP "\fBlabelString\fP"
|
|
Specifes the text to use in the welcome message.
|
|
Multiple lines can be specified by including newline characters, "\\n",
|
|
in the text. If the token %LocalHost% is included in the text, it will
|
|
be replaced with the name of the host providing login service.
|
|
.IP "\fBx\fP"
|
|
Specifes the \fIx\fR origin for the welcome message in units of pixels.
|
|
By default the welcome message is centered horizontally in the login matte.
|
|
While in the matte it is clipped to the matte boundaries. If it is
|
|
positioned outside the matte, it may extend to the screen boundaries.
|
|
.IP "\fBy\fP"
|
|
Specifes the \fIy\fR origin for the welcome message in units of pixels.
|
|
By default the message is positioned slightly above the login area of the
|
|
login matte.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.SH "XDMCP ACCESS CONTROL"
|
|
.PP
|
|
The database file specified by the \fBDtlogin.accessFile\fP resource
|
|
provides information which
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
uses to control access from displays requesting XDMCP service. This file
|
|
contains entries which control the response to
|
|
Direct and Broadcast queries.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The format of an entry is either a host name or a
|
|
pattern.
|
|
A pattern is distinguished from a host name by the inclusion of
|
|
one or more meta characters (`*' matches any sequence of 0 or more
|
|
characters, and `?' matches any single character) which are compared against
|
|
the host name of the display device.
|
|
If the entry is a host name, all comparisons are done using
|
|
network addresses, so any name which converts to the correct network address
|
|
may be used.
|
|
For patterns, only canonical host names are used
|
|
in the comparison, so ensure that you do not attempt to match
|
|
aliases.
|
|
Preceding either a host name or a pattern with a `!' character
|
|
causes hosts which
|
|
match that entry to be excluded.
|
|
.PP
|
|
When checking access for a particular display host, each entry is scanned in
|
|
turn and the first matching entry determines the response.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Blank lines are ignored, `#' is treated as a comment
|
|
delimiter causing the rest of that line to be ignored,
|
|
and `\e\fInewline\fP'
|
|
causes the newline to be ignored, allowing indirect host lists to span
|
|
multiple lines.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Here is an example Xaccess file:
|
|
.LP
|
|
.ta 2i 4i
|
|
.nf
|
|
#
|
|
# Xaccess \- XDMCP access control file
|
|
#
|
|
|
|
!xtra.lcs.mit.edu # disallow direct/broadcast service for xtra
|
|
bambi.ogi.edu # allow access from this particular display
|
|
*.lcs.mit.edu # allow access from any display in LCS
|
|
.fi
|
|
.sp1
|
|
If XDMCP access is granted, a temporary file may be created in the
|
|
\fBauthDir\fR directory which contains authorization information for the
|
|
X-terminal.
|
|
It is deleted when the session starts.
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.SH "SESSION STARTUP"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Three files are provided to assist in session startup.
|
|
They can be replaced by other mechanisms via \fIdtlogin\fP resources.
|
|
.SH "The Xstartup File"
|
|
.PP
|
|
This file is typically a shell script. It is run as "root" and should be
|
|
very careful about security. This is the place to put commands that
|
|
display the message of the day or do other system-level functions on
|
|
behalf of the user.
|
|
Various environment variables are set for the use of this script:
|
|
.nf
|
|
.ta .5i 2i
|
|
|
|
DISPLAY is set to the associated display name
|
|
HOME is set to the home directory of the user
|
|
PATH is set to the value of the \fBsystemPath\fP resource
|
|
USER is set to the user name
|
|
SHELL is set to the value of the \fBsystemShell\fP resource
|
|
.\" XAUTHORITY may be set to an authority file
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
No arguments of any kind are passed to the script.
|
|
.I Dtlogin
|
|
waits until this script exits before starting the user session. If the
|
|
exit value of this script is non-zero,
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
discontinues the session immediately and starts another authentication
|
|
cycle.
|
|
.SH "The Xsession File"
|
|
.PP
|
|
This script reads in the user's personal environment from
|
|
$HOME/\fI.dtprofile\fP
|
|
and then invokes the desired session manager.
|
|
It is run with
|
|
the permissions of the authorized user, and has several environment variables
|
|
pre-set.
|
|
See the \fBEnvironment\fP section for a list of the pre-set variables.
|
|
.\".PP
|
|
.\"\fIXsession\fP tries three types of startup mechanisms.
|
|
.\"By default, the HP DT Session Manager \fIdtsession\fP, is invoked
|
|
.\"if it is installed and executable.
|
|
.\"Otherwise, \fIXsession\fP looks for
|
|
.\"the file $HOME/\fI.xsession\fP.
|
|
.\"This is the startup mechanism used by the MIT client \fIXDM\fP and
|
|
.\"contains commands to invoke clients for the user's session.
|
|
.\"If \fI.xsession\fP does not exist, \fIXsession\fP looks for the file
|
|
.\"$HOME/\fI.x11start\fP.
|
|
.\"If found, \fIXsession\fP runs the program \fIxinit\fP and pass this file
|
|
.\"as an argument.
|
|
.\".PP
|
|
.\"Failing to find any of these files, \fIXsession\fP starts the Motif
|
|
.\"window manager and a single hpterm client.
|
|
.SH "The Xreset File"
|
|
.PP
|
|
Symmetrical with \fIXstartup\fP, this script is run after the user session has
|
|
terminated. Run as root, it should probably contain commands that undo
|
|
the effects of commands in \fIXstartup\fP, such as
|
|
unmounting directories from file servers. The collection of environment
|
|
variables that were passed to \fIXstartup\fP are also
|
|
given to \fIXreset\fP.
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.SH "TYPICAL USAGE"
|
|
.PP
|
|
.I Dtlogin
|
|
is designed to operate in a wide variety of environments.
|
|
The following setup is a good place to start, but may not be "typical"
|
|
in many environments.
|
|
.PP
|
|
First off, the
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
configuration file should be set up. A good thing to do is to
|
|
make a directory (ex. \fI/usr/dt/config\fP)
|
|
that contains all of the relevant
|
|
files. Here is a typical configuration file, which could be
|
|
named \fIXconfig\fP :
|
|
.nf
|
|
|
|
.ta .5i 2i
|
|
|
|
Dtlogin.errorLogFile: /usr/dt/config/Xerrors
|
|
Dtlogin.pidFile: /usr/dt/config/Xpid
|
|
Dtlogin.accessFile: /usr/dt/config/Xaccess
|
|
Dtlogin.servers: /usr/dt/config/Xservers
|
|
|
|
Dtlogin*resources: /usr/dt/config/Xresources
|
|
Dtlogin*startup: /usr/dt/config/Xstartup
|
|
Dtlogin*session: /usr/dt/config/Xsession
|
|
Dtlogin*reset: /usr/dt/config/Xreset
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
As you can see, this file simply contains references to other files. Note
|
|
that some of the resources are specified with ``*'' separating the
|
|
components. These resources can be made unique for each different display,
|
|
by replacing the ``*'' with the display-name.
|
|
See the \fBResources\fP section for a complete discussion.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The first file \fI/usr/dt/config/Xservers\fP contains the list of displays to
|
|
manage. Most workstations have only one display, numbered 0, so the file
|
|
looks like this:
|
|
.nf
|
|
.ta .5i
|
|
|
|
:0 Local local /usr/bin/X11/X :0
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
This keeps \fI/usr/bin/X11/X\fP running on this display and
|
|
manage a continuous cycle of sessions.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The file \fI/usr/dt/config/Xerrors\fP contains error messages from
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
and anything output to stderr by \fIXstartup, Xsession or Xreset\fP. When
|
|
you have trouble getting
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
working, check this file to see if
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
has any clues to the trouble.
|
|
.I Xerrors
|
|
can become quite large and should be trimmed periodically.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The next configuration entry, \fI/usr/dt/config/Xresources\fP, is loaded onto
|
|
the display as a resource database using \fIxrdb (1)\fP. As the authentication
|
|
screen reads this database before starting up, it usually contains
|
|
parameters for that screen.
|
|
.sp 3
|
|
.SH "SOME OTHER POSSIBILITIES"
|
|
.PP
|
|
You can also use
|
|
.I dtlogin
|
|
to run a single session at a time
|
|
by specifying the server on the command
|
|
line:
|
|
.nf
|
|
.ta .5i
|
|
|
|
dtlogin -server ":0 HP-TVRX local /usr/bin/X11/X :0"
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
.PP
|
|
If you have an X terminal that supports the XDMCP protocol, an
|
|
entry for that terminal in \fIXservers\fR is not required.
|
|
If you have a file server and all X terminals support XDMCP, then
|
|
\fIXservers\fR would contain no entries.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Configurations may contain combinations of
|
|
local servers, X terminals without XDMCP, and X terminals
|
|
with XDCMP.
|
|
.sp 1
|
|
.SH COPYRIGHT
|
|
Copyright 1988, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
|
|
.br
|
|
(c) Copyright 1993, 1994 Hewlett-Packard Company
|
|
.br
|
|
(c) Copyright 1993, 1994 International Business Machines Corp.
|
|
.br
|
|
(c) Copyright 1993, 1994 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
|
|
.br
|
|
(c) Copyright 1993, 1994 Novell, Inc.
|
|
.br
|
|
See \fIX(1)\fP for a full statement of rights and permissions.
|
|
.sp1
|
|
.SH AUTHOR
|
|
.I Dtlogin
|
|
is based on the MIT client \fIXDM\fR, authored by Keith Packard.
|
|
.sp1
|
|
.SH ORIGIN
|
|
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
|
|
.br
|
|
Hewlett-Packard Company
|
|
.br
|
|
International Business Machines Corp.
|
|
.br
|
|
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
|
|
.br
|
|
Novell, Inc.
|
|
.sp1
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
|
\fBconnect(2)\fP, \fBlogin(1)\fP, \fBgetty(1M)\fP, \fBsh(1)\fP,
|
|
\fBstty(1)\fP, \fBtset(1)\fP, \fBX(1)\fP,
|
|
\fBxinit(1M)\fP, \fBxrdb(1)\fP, and \fBXDMCP\fP.
|
|
.br
|